Final Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
-algia
A
Pain, suffering
2
Q
dys-
A
Bad, difficult, or painful
3
Q
-ectomy
A
surgical removal
4
Q
-ostomy
A
surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
5
Q
-otomy
A
Cutting, surgical incision
6
Q
-plasty
A
Surgical repair
7
Q
-rrhaphy
A
Surgical suturing
8
Q
-rrhexis
A
Rupture
9
Q
-sclerosis
A
Abnormal hardening
10
Q
Ab-
A
Away from, negative, absent
11
Q
Sinistr/o
A
Left side
12
Q
Dextr/o
A
Right
13
Q
Olig/o
A
Scanty, behind
14
Q
Which body quadrant is the gall bladder in?
A
Right Upper
15
Q
Which body quadrant is the spleen in?
A
Left Upper
16
Q
Which quadrant of the body is the appendix in?
A
Right lower
17
Q
Which body quadrant is the pancreas in?
A
Right upper
18
Q
What is the name of the multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity?
A
Peritoneum
19
Q
What is the name of the fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall?
Parietal peritoneum, visceral peritoneum, mesentery
A
Mesentary
20
Q
The defective development, or the congenital absence, of an organ or tissue
Hypoplasia, Aplasia, Dysplasia, Hypertrophy
A
Aplasia
21
Q
The incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells
Hypoplasia, Aplasia, Dysplasia, Hypertrophy
A
Hypoplasia
22
Q
A change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other, a characteristic of tumor formation in cancers
Hypoplasia, Anaplasia, Dysplasia, Hypertrophy
A
Anaplasia
23
Q
The abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
Hypoplasia, Aplasia, Dysplasia, Hypertrophy
A
Dysplasia
24
Q
The enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues
Hyperplasia, Aplasia, Dysplasia, Hypertrophy
A
Hyperplasia
25
A general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not in the number, of cells in the tissues.
Hypoplasia, Aplasia, Dysplasia, Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy
26
Adenitis
Inflammation of a gland
27
Aden-
Gland
28
-malacia
Softening
29
Adenosclerosis
Abnormal hardening of a gland
30
-sclerosis
Abnormal hardening
31
The tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone
Periosteum, endosteum, compact bone, medullary cavity
Periosteum
32
The central cavity located in the shaftr of long bones, where it is surrounded by compact bone
Periosteum, endosteum, compact bone, medullary cavity
Medullary cavity
33
The tissue that lines the medullary cavity
Periosteum, endosteum, compact bone, medullary cavity
Medullary cavity
34
The shaft of a long bone
Diaphysis, epiphyses, foramen, process
Diaphysis
35
The wider ends of long bones such as the femurs of the legs
Diaphysis, epiphyses, foramen, process
Epiphyses
36
Ankyl-
Crooked, bent, or stiff
37
Arthr/o
Joint
38
A fluid-filled sac behind the knee
Baker’s cyst
39
Chondr/o
Cartilage
40
Spondyl-
Vertebrae
41
The breaking apart of an intervertebral disk that results in pressure on spinal nerve roots
Herniated disk, lumbago, spondylosthesis
Herniated disk
42
The forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it
Herniated disk, lumbago, spondylosthesis
Spondylosthesis
43
An abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side
Lordosis, scoliosis, kyphosis
Kyphosis
44
The long, slender cells that make up muscles
Tendon, fascia, muscle fibers
Muscle fibers
45
A sheet-like fibrous connective tissue resembling a flattened tendon that connects muscles together or to a bone
Fascia, aponeurosis, tendon
Aponeurosis
46
The circular movement at the far end of a limb
Circumduction, rotation
Rotation
47
-cele
hernia, tumor, swelling
48
Fibr/o
Fibrous tissue
49
Brady-
Slow
50
The distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions
Bradykinesia, dyskinesia, hyperkinesia
Dyskinesia
51
Angi/o, vas/o
Veins
52
Arteri/o
Arteries
53
Phleb/o, ven/o
Veins
54
Ather/o
Plaque, fatty substance
55
-crasia
Mixture or blending
56
Tachy-
Fast
57
Thromb/o
Clot
58
Receives oxygen-poor blood from all tissues, except the lungs
Right Atrium, Left Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Ventricle
RA
59
Pumps oxygen-poor blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve and into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lugns
Right Atrium, Left Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle
60
Receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs through the four pulmonary veins
Right Atrium, Left Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Ventricle
Left atrium
61
Receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium, flows out through the aortic semilunar valve and into the aorta
Right Atrium, Left Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Ventricle
Left ventricle
62
Controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle
Tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar valve, mitral valve, aortic semilunar valve
Tricuspid
63
Located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar valve, mitral valve, aortic semilunar valve
Pulmonary semilunar valve
64
Located between the left atrium and left ventricle
Tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar valve, mitral valve, aortic semilunar valve
Mitral valve
65
Located between the left ventricle and the aorta
Tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar valve, mitral valve, aortic semilunar valve
Aortic semilunar valve
66
Group of fibers located within the interventricular septum
Sinoatrial node, bundle of His, atrioventricular node
Bundle of His
67
The clotting proteins found in plasma
Fibrinogen, plasma, serum
Fibrinogen
68
The leukocytes responsible for causing the symptoms of allergies
Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils
Basophils
69
The most common type of white blood cell
Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils
Neutrophils
70
These cells identify foreign substances and germs in the body and produce antibodies that specifically target them
Monocytes, thrombocytes, lymphocytes
Lymphocytes
71
A condition in which severe episodes of chest pain occur due to an inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
Ischemia, angina, atheroma
Angina
72
A localized area of dead tissue caused by a lack of blood
Angina, ischemia, infarct
Infarct
73
The abnormal narrowing of an artery
Arteriosclerosis, arteriostenosis
Arteriostenosis
74
Contraction of the hart
Systole, diastole
Systole
75
Abnormal increase in the number of red cells in the blood due to excess production of these cells by the bone marrow
Leukopenia, polycythemia, sepsis
Polycythemia
76
-penia
Deficiency
77
An abnormal increase in the number of platelets in the circulating blood
Polycythemia, thrombocytosis
Thrombocytosis
78
What is plasmapheresis?
When plasma starts to separate from the blood cells
79
-edema
Swelling
80
Lymphedema means?
Swollen lymph
81
Medications capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms
Antibiotics or antiviral
Antibiotics
82
-cide
Causing death
83
-static
Causing control
84
The first division of the throat, posterior to the nasal cavity and down behind the mouth
Laryngopharynx, nasopharynx, oropharanx
Nasopharynx
85
Third division of the throat that is also shared by both the respiratory and digestive systems
Laryngopharynx, nasopharynx, oropharanx
Laryngopharynx
86
Thin, moist, and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity
mediastinum, pleura, diaphragm
Pleura
87
A chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes, often triggered by an allergic reaction
chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma
Asthma
88
Nosebleed
Epistaxis, pertussis, rhinorrhea
Epistaxis
89
The incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax
Acutute respiratory distress syndrome, actelectasis, tuberculosis
Actelectasis
90
An irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea
Eupnea, bradypnea dyspnea, cheyne-stokes respiration
Cheyne-stokes respiration
91
Loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function
Anoxia, hypoxia, asphyxia, cyanosis
Asphyxia
92
-ptysis
Spitting
93
A recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled
Laryngoscopy, peak flow meter, spirometer, pulse oximeter
Spirometer
94
A mass of food that has been chewed and is ready to be swallowed
Chyme, bolus, villi, mastication
Bolus
95
A series of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction that moves the food forward into the digestive system
Mastication, peristalsis, cyme, emulsification
Peristalsis
96
Stomat
Mouth or oral cavity
97
Sores that affect the mucous membranes of the digestive system
Esophageal varices, hiatal hernia, peptic ulcer
Peptic ulcer
98
A condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases
Anorexia, cachexia, malnutrition
Cachexia
99
The last and longest portion of the small intestine
Ileum, Ilium
Ileum
100
A common condition of unknown cause with symptoms that can include intermittent cramping and abdominal pain, accompanied by constipation or diarrhea
Ileus, Irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease
IBS
101
A chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulscers
Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis, volvulus
Ulcerative colitis
102
Presence of bright red blood in the stool
Melena, steatorrhea, hematochezia
Hematochezia
103
Presence of excess fat in the stool
Hematochezia, melena, steatorrhea
Steatorrhea
104
An abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Jaundice, hepatitis, ascites
Ascites
105
Hepat/o
Liver
106
A chronic degenerative disease of the liver characterized by scarring
Ascites, cirrhosis, cholangitis, chron’s
Cirrhosis
107
Cholang
Bile duct
108
Nephr/o
Kidney
109
-lithiasis
Presence of stones
110
Cyst/o
Bladder
111
The involuntary discharge of urine
Diuresis, dysuria, enuresis, anuria
Enuresis
112
Neurotransmitter released at some synapses in the spinal cord and at neuromuscular junctions
Dopamine, endorphins, acetycholine, norepinephrine
Acetycholine
113
Neurotransmitter that reflects alertness and arousal, increasing blood pressure and heart rate, and releasing stores of glucose in response to stress (fight or flight)
Endorphins, norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine
Norepinephrine
114
Encephal-
Brain
115
Also known as fainting, the brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain
Stupor, coma, syncope, lethargy
Syncope
116
-phasia
Speech
117
Radicul-
Nerve root, root
118
An inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that can lead to temporary paralysis
Guillain-Barre syndrome, bell’s palsy, beuritis, sciatica
Guillain-Barre syndrome
119
A burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet
Causalgia, hyperesthesia, parasthesia
Parasthesia
120
Process whereby the eyes make adjustments for seeing objects at various distances
Accommodation
121
The simultaneous inward movement of eyes toward each other
Convergence
122
The abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat
Anhidrosis
123
The presence of excessive body and facial hair in women, usually occurring in a male pattern
Hirsutism
124
Also known as a pimple
Pustule
125
Xeroderma is?
Excessively dry skin
126
This gland secretes hormones that control the activity of other endocrine glands
Pituitary gland
127
This gland influences the sleep-wakefulness cycle
Pineal gland
128
One of the primary functions of this gland is to regulate the body’s metabolism
Thyroid gland
129
The function of this gland is to regulate calcium levels throughout the body
Parathryroid
130
The ______ functions as part of the endocrine system by secreting a hormone that functions as part of the immune system, helping develop the body’s immune system before birth and in childhood.
Thymus
