Final Comp Flashcards
1
Q
The Cold War (date)
A
1945 - 1991
2
Q
Events surrounding the Cold War
A
From around the Potsdam Conference of 07/45 (July 1945) to the Soviet Collapse of 12/91 (December 1991)
3
Q
When the US-sponsored Marshall Plan was announced (date)
A
1947
4
Q
Dates for when the Marshall Plan was in effect
A
1948 - 1951
5
Q
The Korean War (date)
A
1950 - 1953
6
Q
Dates for the USA’s main involvement in Vietnam
A
1964 - 1975
7
Q
The “fall” of the Berlin Wall (date)
A
November 1989
8
Q
Original construction of the Berlin Wall (date)
A
1961
9
Q
Detente
A
a French word meaning a relaxation of tensions or strained relations
10
Q
Domino theory
A
theory in US foreign policy after WW II stating that the “fall” of a state to communism would precipitate the fall of governments in neighboring states – as a row of dominoes: one falls, others fall
11
Q
Glasnost
A
Russian policy of greater openness
12
Q
Perestroika
A
Russian policy of restructuring [the gov’t etc.]
13
Q
SALT
A
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
agreements between the US & USSR aimed at limiting the
production/deployment of nuclear weapons
14
Q
Watergate
A
a building in Washington, DC, the scene of a bungled bugging attempt during the 1972 election campaign
15
Q
True or False: The United Nations has a Security Council
A
True
16
Q
Amount of permanent member states in the UN Security Council
A
5
17
Q
Rights of the 5 permanent members of the UN Security Council
A
They possess veto rights
18
Q
True or False: Western Europe was to be a buffer zone to communist advancement
A
False; it was Eastern Europe
19
Q
True or False: After WW II, the “liberating” Soviets (Red Army) supported the establishment of communist regimes
A
True
20
Q
Cold War
A
a state of existing tension between the Soviet Union & US
21
Q
Why the Cold War was cold
A
Because it falls short of a shooting war directly between the USSR & the US
22
Q
Aspects of the Cold War
A
Development of a bipolar alliance system
It became a conflict through proxy
23
Q
True or False: After WWII Germany was a united land
A
False; it was divided
24
Q
How many occupation zones was Germany carved into by the victorious Allies
A
4
25
True or False: Berlin was located inside the Soviet Union
True
26
Number of sectors Berlin was divided into
4
27
Winston Churchill's "Iron Curtain" speech
"An Iron Curtain has descended across the Continent"
28
Was the Truman Doctrine applied to Eastern European nations that already fell?
No
29
Pronounces what becomes known as the Truman Doctrine
President Harry Truman
30
The Foreign Assistance Act aka
The Marshall Plan
31
The success rate of the Marshall Plan
Highly successful
32
The core of US policy toward the Soviet Union
Containment
33
The Berlin Blockade
Stalin closed surface access leading to West Berlin
34
The US' response to the Berlin Blockade
The Berlin Airlift
35
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
An alliance that regards an attack on one as an attack on all
36
MAD
Mutual Assured Destruction, the dominating Cold War arms race policy
37
Leader of the Chinese communists
Mao Tse-Tung
38
Leader of the Chinese Nationalists
Chiang Kai-Shek
39
Combatants of the Chinese Civil War
The Communists and Nationalists
40
Loser of the Chinese Civil War
Chiang Kai-Shek and the Nationalists
41
Formosa aka
Taiwan
42
Location of the Chinese Nationalist's withdrawal
The island of Formosa
43
Ignited a Red Scare
Senator Joseph McCarthy
44
The Red Scare
Joseph McCarthy claimed to have a list of communists employed by the State Department
45
The Korean War
in a surprise attack, communist North Korea attacked non-communist South Korea & pushed far south
46
How the Korean War Ended
The fighting stabilized and an armistice was signed
47
Which side did Chinese troops help in the Korean War
North Korea
48
Warsaw Pact
A treaty of mutual defense and military aid [signed by communist states of Eastern Europe under Soviet leadership]
49
Represents the USSR's formalized military alliance
Warsaw Pact
50
True or False: USSR leader Nikita Krushchev openly denounced Stalin
True
51
World's first manmade satellite
Sputnik
52
Launched Sputnik into orbit
The USSR
53
The first man launched into space (and orbit)
Yuri Gagarin (Russian)
54
The design and purpose of the Berlin Wall
It encircled West Berlin and was designed to stop defections to West Berlin
55
The Cuban Missile Crisis
US intelligence detects offensive nuclear missile sites in Cuba; JFK wants the missiles/bases removed & imposes a strict quarantine (blockade) of materials to Cuba; Khrushchev ordered the Soviet ships to turn back
56
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
Passed by the US Congress to allow President Johnson's Escalation [of the Vietnam War]
57
When was President Nixon's "surprise" visit to China
1972
58
Iran Hostage Crisis
Iranians seized US Embassy in Tehran taking 66 US citizens hostage
59
Afghan guerillas
Mujahidin
60
Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan (event)
Afghan guerrillas with US arms waged jihad against troops armed/supported by the USSR
61
Abbreviation for Vietnam
V
62
Indo-China
Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia
63
European power with colonial domination in Indo-China
France
64
Where France was decisively defeated in the Vietnam conflict
Dien Bien Phu
65
Base of North Vietnam
Hanoi
66
Ruled communist North Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh
67
Base of South Vietnam
Saigon
68
Did the US support North or South Vietnam
South Vietnam
69
True or False: There was only one Vietnamese war (in the Cold War era)
False; a new Vietnamese War began when communists in South V rebelled against the South V govt.
70
Viet Cong
Communist guerilla group operating in South V
71
True or False: Vietnam was exempted from Containment (Domino Theory)
False
72
Supported North Vietnam
China and the Soviet Union
73
True or False: The Tonkin Gulf Resolution made [The Vietnam War] the era of "escalation"
True
74
Developments in the Vietnam war escalation
The TET Offensive
Viet Cong and North V forces seized urban areas in South V
75
The US cease-fire agreement in the Vietnam War
American troops were removed in 60 days
76
What Saigon was renamed after it fell to communist forces
Ho Chi Minh City
77
Events surrounding/associated with Ronald Reagan being elected President
to achieve favorable weapons agreements, the US had to be in a position of negotiating from strength
78
Reagan's "zero option" to the Soviets
the US would not proceed with the deployment of missiles in Europe
79
True or False: The Soviets took SDI very nonchalantly
False; they took it very seriously
80
SDI
Strategic Defense Initiative
A defensive missile "shield"
81
Announced SDI
Ronald Reagan
82
Where NATO/the Reagan administration deployed intermediate range nuclear weapons
Europe
83
Chernobyl accident
a nuclear power station near Kiev (Ukraine) exploded & burned
84
INF Treaty
Intermediate Nuclear Forces
first arms-control treaty to abolish an entire category of weapon systems
85
True or False: the Soviets essentially accept the “zero option” (eventually)
True
86
Important events at the end of the Cold War
Hungary dismantles its border with Austria
East Germans ignore and then dismantle the Berlin Wall
87
True or False: The Soviets tried to stop the dismantle of Hungary's border with Austria
False
88
True or False: East Germans celebrated when they could ignore (and then dismantle) the Berlin Wall
True
89
True or False: The USSR never fell
False; it disbanded
90
Modern Israel becomes a nation (date)
May 1948
91
Mao Tse-Tung proclaims People’s Republic of China (date)
October 1949
92
US Supreme Court decides Brown v. Board of Education (date)
1954
93
Tiananmen Square demonstrations in China (date)
June 1989
94
Treaty of European Union takes effect (Maastricht) (date)
1993
95
Rwandan Genocide (date)
1994
96
Rival ethnic groups of the 1994 Rwandan Genocide
Hutus and Tutsis
97
Decolonization
gradual dismantling of imperialism
98
Nelson Mandela
South African statesman & president
99
True or False: When the State of Israel was proclaimed the US recognized the legitimacy of Israel
True
100
The Six-Day War
Israeli pre-emptive air strikes destroyed Egyptian air force and Israel gained control of valuable territory
101
Black September
the title of a Palestinian terrorist organization responsible for killing 11 Israelis in the Summer Olympics in Munich
102
When the Yom Kippur War began
On the Day of Atonement
103
The Camp David Accords
An Arab-Israeli reconciliation establishing a treaty between Egypt and Israel
104
Events surrounding and inclusive of the Iranian Revolution
There were riots in Iran
Ayatollah Khomeini returned and established an Islamic Republic
Iranians seized the US Embassy in Tehran, taking 66 US citizens hostage
105
Persian Gulf War
action by a US-led coalition to expel Iraqi forces occupying Kuwait
106
Number of countries in the European Union (EU)
Over 25
107
May represent the world's largest economy
The EU
108
The "Iron Lady"
Margaret Thatcher
109
What Margaret Thatcher was known for
Her determination
110
Of which country was Margaret Thatcher Prime Minister in post-WWII Europe
The UK
111
True or False: The post-WWII French Republic had no ambitions for greatness
False; it pursued it
112
True or False: Post-WWII Italy was characterized by great political stability
False; it lacked this
113
True or False: The economic recovery of West Germany was rapid and experienced what became termed economic miracles
True
114
Europe's strongest post-WWII economy
West Germany
115
Northern Ireland aka
Ulster
116
Republic of Ireland aka
Ireland
117
The independent southern section of the island of Ireland
The Republic of Ireland
118
The part of Ireland that remains part of the UK
Northern Ireland
119
True or False: Great Britain partitioned Ireland
True
120
"The Troubles"
a standoff [between Irish and UK paramilitary groups]
121
IRA
Irish Republican Army; it was a group with factions
122
Good Friday Peace accords
Republic of Ireland agreed to abstain from its goal of unification
123
Jim Crow
segregation laws govern most of African-American existence (White/Colored only)
124
The Brown v. Board of Education case
a unanimous US Supreme Court decision that rejected the “separate but equal” logic supporting jim crow etc
125
Rosa Parks' Arrest
Happened because she refused to give up her seat in the “Whites Only” section of a bus
126
Event of Rosa Parks' Arrest
The Montgomery Bus Boycott
127
Propelled Martin Luther King, Jr. into leadership for racial equality
The Montgomery Bus Boycott and Rosa Parks' arrest
128
The Supreme Court's decision regarding the Montgomery Bus Boycott
That segregation was illegal
129
The Little Rock School Crisis
The process of school desegreation in Little Rock, Arkansas
130
Woolworth’s Lunch Counter Sit Down
led to sit-ins throughout the South
four African-American students want coffee & doughnuts at the “White” section of a lunch counter
131
Led to the formation of SNCC
Woolworth's Lunch Counter Sit Down
132
SNCC
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
133
The Birmingham, Alabama Campaign
in prison, MLK authors the forceful Letter from Birmingham Jail with its “Funtown” reference
134
The March on Washington, D.C.
MLK addresses peaceful marchers at Lincoln Memorial and gives his "I Have a Dream" speech
135
Freedom Summer
an attempt to increase voter registration of African-Americans throughout the South
136
MLK's assassination
He was standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee when he was shot
137
The result of China's Great Leap Forward
Death
138
The Great Leap Forward
A Chinese five-year plan [experimenting in communal production]
139
True or False: China's Cultural Revolution had a dispute over the future of Chinese Socialism
True
140
Tiananmen Square Massacre in Beijing
govt. troops slaughtered thousands of demonstrators
141
True or False: Japan's industrial development was slow
False; it was rapid and they became an economic superpower
142
Apartheid
A post-WWII strict system of South African racial segregation (targeted towards blacks [obviously])
