[FINAL] Concepts to know

Question 1

Diatomic molecules

Answer 1

Only exist in pairs:

Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I)

Question 2

Which of the following represents formulas of ionic compounds?
(i) (NH4)3PO4 (ii) HMnO4 (iii) P2O5 (iv) CuSO3 (v) PbCl4

A: (i) only
B: (ii) and (iii)
C: (i) and (iii)
D: (iv) and (v)
E: (i), (iv) and (v)

Answer 2

E; (i), (iv) and (v)

sample question test 1

Question 3

If a metal cation forms M3PO4 with a phosphate anion, what is the formula unit of the compound it forms with a hydroxide ion?

A: M(OH)4
B: M(OH)3
C: M(OH)2
D: MOH
E: M2OH

Answer 3

D; MOH

sample question test 1

Question 4

How many of the following formulas are correctly matched with chemical names?

(i) MgHPO4 - magnesium dihydrogen phosphate
(ii) (NH4)2CO3 - ammonium carbonate
(iii) HBrO2 - Bromous acid
(iv) P2O5 - diphosphorous pentoxide
(v) Sn(CrO4)2 - tin(II) chromate

A: 1
B: 2
C: 3
D: 4
E: 5

Answer 4

C; 3

sample question test 1

Question 5

Which of the ions is not likely to exist?

A: RB^+
B: Ba ^2+
C: P^3-
D: Pb^4+
E: I^2-

Answer 5

E; I^2-

sample question test 1

Question 6

Cations

Answer 6

Fewer electrons, positive charge, main group metals.

Question 7

Anions

Answer 7

More electrons, negative charge, no metals.

Question 8

7 Strong acids

Answer 8

HCl, HBr, HI, HClO3, HClO4, HNO3, H2SO4

Question 9

Strong bases

Answer 9

metal hydroxides of group 1A and 2A

Question 10

In endothermic reactions, heat is _____ and the sign of delta H is ____

Answer 10

absorbed, positive

Question 11

In exothermic reactions, heat is _____ and the sign of delta H is ____

Answer 11

released, negative

Question 12

Is energy emitted or absorbed?

from n=2 to n=5

Answer 12

absorbed, from closer to further

Question 13

Is energy emitted or absorbed?

from an orbit of radius 9.5 A to 4.5 A

Answer 13

emitted, from far to close

Question 14

Is energy emitted or absorbed?

from n=6 to n=1

Answer 14

emitted, from far to close

Question 15

Who does the screening in terms of electrons?

Answer 15

Core electrons screen valence electrons

Question 16

The higher the L, the further from the…

Answer 16

Nucleus

Question 17

Which penetrate better S electrons or P?

Answer 17

S

Question 18

As L goes up, screening goes…, and penetration goes…

Answer 18

Screening goes up, penetration goes down

Question 19

The trend of increasing atomic radius is…

Answer 19

From right to left and down

Question 20

The trend of ionization energy is…

Answer 20

Increasing from up and to the right

Question 21

Cations are… Than their parent atoms

Answer 21

Smaller

Question 22

Anions are….. Than their parent atoms

Answer 22

Larger

Question 23

In isoelectronic ions, what will have the highest attraction and the lowest radius

Answer 23

The ion with the most protons will be the smallest

Question 24

The blank the ions… And the… Their ionic charges, the stronger the ionic bonds. What does this reference?

Answer 24

Smaller the ions and higher their ionic charges. Lattice energy

Question 25

Electronegativity will... As you go... And to the... Of the periodic table

Answer 25

Increase, up, right

Question 26

The least electronegativity atom serves as the... Atom in a Lewis dot structure

Answer 26

central

Question 27

What elements can expand their octet?

Answer 27

3rd and higher period

Question 28

As the number of bonds increases what happens?

Answer 28

- bond length decreases - bond strength increases - bond distance decreases

Question 29

2 electron domains

Answer 29

180' degrees | Linear

Question 30

3 electron domains

Answer 30

120 degrees | trigonal planar

Question 31

4 electron domains

Answer 31

109.5 degrees | tetrahedral

Question 32

5 electron domains

Answer 32

180, 120, 90 degrees | trigonal bipyramidal

Question 33

6 electron domains

Answer 33

180, 90 degrees | octahedral

Question 34

trigonal planar, 1 lone pair

Answer 34

bent

Question 35

tetrahedral, 1 lone pair

Answer 35

trigonal pyramidal

Question 36

tetrahedral, 2 lone pairs

Answer 36

bent

Question 37

trigonal bipyramidal, 1 lone pair

Answer 37

seesaw

Question 38

trigonal bipyramidal, 2 lone pairs

Answer 38

T-shaped

Question 39

trigonal bipyramidal, 3 lone pairs

Answer 39

linear

Question 40

Octahedral, 1 lone pair

Answer 40

square pyramidal

Question 41

Octahedral, 2 lone pairs

Answer 41

square planar

Question 42

1 atm= ? Pa

Answer 42

101325 Pa

Question 43

1 atm= ? mmHg and torr

Answer 43

760

Question 44

1 atm= ? bar

Answer 44

1.01325 bar

Question 45

If there are three molecules connected to a central atom, and one is more electronegative than the other two, what would the distance be between each atom

Answer 45

the more electronegative atom will have a greater angle and the two atoms of the same molecule will be pushed closer

Question 46

lighter atoms move (faster or slower)?

Answer 46

faster

Question 47

The kinetic- molecular theory predicts that pressure rises as the temperature of a gas increases because____

Answer 47

The gas molecules collide more frequently with the wall

Question 48

Which of the following describes gases? (i) they are compressible (ii) they diffuse into each other (iii) they effuse through small openings (iv) they elastically collide with each other ``` A: (i) B: (ii) and (iii) C: (i) and (iv) D: (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) E: (ii), (iii) and (iv) ```

Answer 48

D; all

Question 49

Which intermolecular forces are present between molecules of formaldehyde, HCHO? A: London- Dispersion forces only B: diploe-dipole forces only C: London- Dispersion forces and diploe-dipole forces only D: London-dispersion forces and hydrogen bonding only E: all

Answer 49

C; london- dispersion forces and dipole-dipole forces