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Pharmacology > Final Drugs > Flashcards

Final Drugs Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Bethanecol

A

Muscarinic agonist.

Used to increase bladder contractility.

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2
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Muscarinic agonist.

Used in eye to decrease intraocular pressure.

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3
Q

Atropine

A

Muscarinic antagonist

Crosses BBB

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4
Q

Glycopyrrolate

A

Muscarinic antagonist

Does not cross BBB

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5
Q

Tropicamide

A

Muscarinic antagonist

Used in the eye

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6
Q

Atracurium

A

Neuromuscular blocker
Non-depolarizing (competitive) block
Minimal histamine release
Can reverse with AChE inhibitors

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7
Q

Succinylcholine

A

Neuromuscular blocker
Depolarizing block
AChE inhibitors make block worse

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8
Q

Neostigmine

A

AChE inhibitor

Does not cross BBB

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9
Q

Edrophonium

A

AChE inhibitor
Does not cross BBB
Short acting so used for diagnostic purposes

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10
Q

Carbamate-type AChE inhibitor

A

Insecticide

Reversible

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11
Q

Organophosphate-type AChE inhibitor

A

Insecticide
Irreversible after first 15 hours
Reversible before with oxides

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12
Q

Epinephrine

A

Short acting adrenergic agonist

Preferential binding to beta over alpha

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13
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Short acting adrenergic agonist

Only a1, a2, and b1

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14
Q

Dopamine

A

Short acting adrenergic agonist

D1 and D2 receptors and some b1

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15
Q

Dobutamine

A

Short acting adrenergic agonist
Synthetic
Selective beta agonist (b1>b2)

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16
Q

Terbutaline

A

Long acting beta selective agonist

Very effective bronchodilator (b2)

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17
Q

Clenbuterol

A

Long acting beta selective agonist
Banned in food animals
Bronchodilator (b2)

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18
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Long acting alpha selective agonist

Constricts smooth muscles (a1)

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19
Q

Xylazine

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A

Long acting alpha selective agonist
Sedation/analgesia
Decreases sympathetic outflow (a2)

20
Q

Phenylpropanolamine

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A

Long acting alpha selective agonist
Indirect acting
Used to constrict urinary bladder

21
Q

Sotalol

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A

Non-selective beta antagonist
Decrease sympathetic tone on heart and blood pressure via B1
Never use in asthmatics (b2 block)

22
Q

Timolol

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A

Non-selective beta antagonist

Used to reduce intraocular fluid formation

23
Q

Metaprolol

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A

B1 selective antagonist

Cardiac block with no effect in lung

24
Q

Atenolol

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A

B1 selective antagonist

Cardiac block with no effect in lung

25
Prazosin
Alpha selective antagonist (a1) | Used to reduce vasoconstriction and hypertonus of the urethral sphincter
26
Yohimbine
Alpha selective antagonist (a2) | Used to reverse a2 agonist sedation
27
Diphenhydramine
H1-selective antagonist Crosses BBB (sedative) 1st generation antihistamine Significant anti-cholinergic effects
28
Chlorpheniramine
H1-selective antagonist Crosses BBB (sedation but less than diphenhydramine) 1st generation antihistamine Significant anti-cholinergic effects
29
Cimetidine/ranitidine/famotidine
H2-selective antagonist Listed from most potent to most long-lasting Reduce gastric acid secretion
30
Amitriptyline
Indirect acting agonist of serotonin (reuptake pump inhibitor) Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) Blocks both 5-HT and NE uptake Significant anti-cholinergic effects
31
Clomipramine
Indirect acting agonist of serotonin (reuptake pump inhibitor) Blocks both 5-HT and NE uptake Significant anti-cholinergic effects
32
Fluoxetine
Indirect acting agonist of serotonin (reuptake pump inhibitor) SSRI (no NE uptake blocked) Lacks anti-cholinergic effects of TCAs
33
Buspirone
Direct acting agonist of serotonin - partial 5HT1a agonist | Used for behavior or motion sickness
34
Metaclopramide
Pro kinetic - 5-HT4 receptor agonist Releases ACh in the gut to stimulate gut movement Anti-emetic
35
Ondansetron
Anti-emetic - 5-HT3 antagonist Used for chemotherapy nausea Works in both periphery and brain stem
36
Adenosine
Purinergic drug, adenosine agonist Short acting Endogenous Used for supra ventricular tachycardia
37
Theophylline
Purinergic drug - Adenosine antagonist | Smooth muscle relaxation - bronchodilation
38
Misoprostol
Prostaglandin PGE1 analog decrease acid secretion and increase mucus in GI tract to repair gastric surfaces
39
Dinoprost tromethamine
Prostaglandin Salt of naturally occurring PGF2a Estrus synchronization, luteolysis, and uterine contraction
40
Latanoprost
Prostaglandin PGF2a analog Used in eye for improved intraocular drainage
41
Maropitant
Agent acting on peptide receptor NK1 receptor antagonist Blocks action of substance P for anti-causea/antiemetic effects
42
Mannitol
Osmotic diuretic Non-reabsorbed osmolyte Used to reduce cerebral edema and intraocular pressure
43
Acetazolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretic | Weak diuretic and may cause loss of bicarbonate leading to metabolic acidosis
44
Furosemide
Loop diuretic Inhibits Cl/Na/K symporter in LOH Most potent diuretic
45
Chlorothiazide
Thiazide diuretic Modest diuretic Inhibits Na/Cl electroneutral symporter in distal tubule
46
Amiloride
Potassium sparing diuretic Blocks Na channel in collecting duct Mild diuretic
47
Spironolactone
Potassium sparing diuretic Aldosterone antagonist Modest diuretic

Pharmacology (5 decks)

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