Final Exam Flashcards
During their lifetimes, approximately ________ of Americans will experience some type of mental disorder.
50%
Know what global assessment of functioning is.
A 0 to 100 rating of a person with the most severe disorders indicated by lower numbers.
The diathesis-stress model explains disease as the result of:
a person my be predisposed for a psychological disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by stress
Human beings and monkeys have been shown to be instinctively primed to learn fears of certain things, such as of snakes and spiders. Which of the following theories supports this proposition?
Preparedness theory
Which brain structure has been implicated in obsessive-compulsive disorder?
Cuadate neucleus
Know some of the symptoms associated with suicide:
talk about suicide, upturn in mood after long depressive episode, failed love interest, stressful event that is shameful, family history of suicide, decline in school or work performance, withdrawal from friends, feelings of being trapped.
The primary reason why dissociative identity disorder replaced the term multiple personality disorder is that:
Multiple infers that more than one person is in “residence”
Know the different subtypes of schizophrenia.
Paranoid: symptoms dominated by absurd, illogical, changeable delusions, vivid hallucinations; Catatonic: atlernating periods of extreme withdrawal and extreme excitement;
Disorganized: occurs at earlier age usually, more severe disintegration of personality. Emotional distoriton, inappropriate laughter, perculiar mannerisms;
Undifferetiated: a rapidly changing mixture of all or most of the primary indicators of schizophrenia.
The avoidant personality type differs from the schizoid personality type in that:
avoidant: socially anxious and uncomforatble Schizoid: extreme introversion and withdrawal from relationships (prefers to be alone)
Functions of DSM:
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is used by clinicians and psychiatrists to diagnose psychiatric illnesses.?
GAD is least prevalent in:
rural areas
Theorist that emphasized thought in depression:
Beck
Highest heritability:
bipolar
Discociative fuge: Amnesia:
whole identiy gone; **
Concerdence of schizophrenia among twins
higher
Know some of the barriers to seeking treatment for a mental disorder:
Barriers such as beliefs and circumstances (family discourages them from going, lack of medical insurance, problems in treatment facility (long wait-list inadequate staff)
What did Sigmund Freud call a reluctance to cooperate with treatment for fear of confronting unpleasant unconscious material?
Resistance
Know what Carl Jung meant by the collective unconscious:
culturally determined myths and symbols shared among all people
Know what systematic desensitization is.
Client relaxes all muscles of his or her body while imagining themselves in increasingly frightening situations
In their interactions with clients, person-centered therapists are encouraged to demonstrate three basic qualities, _____, _____, and _unconditional _______, in order for growth to occur.
congruence; empathy; positive regard
Know some of the advantages of group therapy:
clients can practice relating to each other; shows clients they aren’t alone; members model appropriate behaviors for one another, it is often just as effective as individual therapy
An ancient biological treatment for mental disorders, evidenced by holes in the skulls, was known as:
trepanning
Atypical antipsychotics work on both the dopamine and the ______ systems.
serotonin
Antidepressants are commonly used to treat not only depression, but also:
anxiety disorder
