Final Exam Flashcards by Miranda Dawson

Q

human anatomy:

A

structure of the body and body parts

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Q

human physiology:

A

function of the body and body parts

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Q

Structure determines function. True or false?

A

Structure determines function TRUE!

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Q

atom:

A

the smallest unit of matter that combines to form chemicals

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Q

chemical:

A

substance with a distinct molecular composition

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Q

organelle:

A

structural units within cells that have specific functions

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Q

cell:

A

the basic structural unit of living organisms

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Q

tissue:

A

group of cells working together to perform a function

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Q

organ:

A

group of tissues working together to perform a function

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Q

organ system:

A

group of organs working together to perform a function

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Q

organism:

A

group of systems working together

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Blood

A

Tissue

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Na+

A

Chemical

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Bone tissue

A

Tissue

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

H2O

A

Chemical

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Nervous system

A

Organ System

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Stomach

A

Organ

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Femur

A

Organ

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Neuron

A

Atom

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Protein

A

Chemical

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Spinal cord

A

Organ

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Lymphatic system

A

Organ system

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Ribosome

A

Organelle

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Q

state the level of organization represented
by each of the following terms:

Mitochondrion

A

Organelle

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state the level of organization represented by each of the following terms: Endocrine system

Organ system

state the level of organization represented by each of the following terms: Human

organism

state the level of organization represented by each of the following terms: White blood cell

Cell

Functions of integumentary system:

Protects against infection, regulates body temperature, sensory information

Major organs of the integumentary system:

Skin, hair, sweat glands, nails

Function of the skeletal system:

Support and protection, stores calcium, forms blood cells.

Major organs of the skeletal system:

Bones, bone marrow, ligaments, cartilage

Function of the muscular system:

Movement protection and support, generates heat, and maintains body temperature.

Major organs of the muscular system:

Muscle, tendons

Functions of the nervous system:

Responds to stimuli, coordinates activities, interprets sensory information

Major organs of the nervous system:

Brain, spinal cord, Peripheral nerves, sensory organs

Functions of the endocrine system:

Directs long-term changes in other organ systems, adjusts metabolic activity and energy

Major organs of the endocrine system:

Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads

Functions of the cardiovascular system:

Distributes blood cells water and dissolved minerals, distributes heat, Controls body temperature

Major organs of the cardiovascular system

Heart, blood, blood vessels

Functions of the lymphatic system:

Defends against infection and disease

Major organs of the lymphatic system:

Spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils

Functions of the respiratory system:

Talking, O2 in blood stream, brings Air to alveoli, removes CO2 from bloodstream

Major organs in the respiratory system:

Nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli

Functions of the digestive system:

Digests food, absorbs water and nutrients, stores energy

Major organs of the digestive system:

Teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Functions of the urinary system:

Excretes waste, Controls water balance, stores urine, regulates blood ion and pH

Major organs of the urinary system:

Kidneys, ureters, urethra, bladder

Function of the male reproductive system:

Produces male sex cells, seminal fluids, and hormones, sex

Major organs of the male reproductive system:

Testes, epididymis, ductus Diferencia, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, penis, scrotum

Functions of the female reproductive system:

Produces sex cells and hormones, produces embryo, Provides milk, sex

Major organs of the female reproductive system:

Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, mammary glands

What system is responsible for movement?

Muscular system

Which system is responsible for digestion?

Endocrine system

Which system is responsible for excretion?

Urinary, respiratory, digestive, cardiovascular system

Which system is responsible for growth?

Endocrine system

Which system is responsible for responsiveness?

Nervous system

Which system is responsible for digestion?

Digestive system

Which system is responsible for reproduction?

Endocrine, Male and female reproductive systems

Which system is responsible for maintaining boundaries?

Integumentary, endocrine, and nervous system

An anatomical position the palms are facing _______________.

Forward

Why is it important that medical professionals describe the human body in anatomical position?

Standardization is used to avoid confusion among communication between healthcare professionals.

Cranial

Skull

Cephalic

Head

Frontal

For head

Ocular

Eyes

Orbital

Eyes

Buccal

Cheek

Cervical

Neck, cervix

Facial

Face

Oral

Mouth

Pelvic

Pelvis

Thoracic

Chest, middle back

Axillary

Armpit

Mammary

Breast

Brachial

Upper arm

Scapular

Shoulder blade

Digital

Fingers and toes

Phalangeal

Fingers and toes

Patellar

kneecap

abdominal

Abdomen

Umbilical

Navel

Antecubital

Depression in front of elbow

Antebrachial

Forearm

Palmar

Palm of hand

Carpal

Wrist

Pollex

thumb

Manual

Hand

Mental

Chin

Pubic

Pubis

Inguinal

Groin

Coxal

Hip

Femoral

Thigh

Vertebral

Spinal column

Acromial

Top of shoulder

Dorsal

Back, posterior

Crural

leg

Pectoral

chest

Tarsal

Ankle

Pedal

Foot

Hallux

Big tow

Popliteal

Back of knee

Calcaneal

heel

Perineal

Perineum

Olecranal

Back of elbow

Lumbar

Loin, lower back

Gluteal

Buttocks

Sural

Calf

Plantar

Sole of the foot

Peroneal

Lateral leg

Fibular

Lateral leg

Sternal

Sternum, breast bone

Anterior

Front

Ventral

Front, belly

Dorsal

Back

Posterior

Back of body

Cephalic

Closer to head

Cranial

Closer to head

Caudal

Closer to tail

Inferior

Below

Superior

Above

Medial

Closer to midline

Lateral

Away from midline

Distal

Away from trunk

Proximal

Closer to trunk

Superficial

Closer to surface

Deep

Away from surface

Visceral

Lines and covers internal organs

Parietal

Lines the cavity

Ipsilateral

Same side

Bilateral

Both sides

Contralateral

Opposite sides