Flashcards in Final exam Deck (93)
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1
administrative law judge
official who presides over quasi-judicial proceedings within government agencies and renders decisions about disputes governed by statuses, such as appeals from denials of Social Security disability benefits
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adversarial system
Legal system by the US and other countries in which a judge plays a relatively passive role as attorneys battle to protect each side's interest
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affirmative action
measures taken in hiring, recruitment, employment and education to remedy past and present discrimination
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appeal
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associate justice
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bench trial
a judge presides without a jury. the judge makes determinations of fact and law
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bicameral
legislature composed of two houses (in the government and in the states except Nebraska)
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brief
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Brown v. Board of Education
overturned plessy v ferguson
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bully pulpit
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cabinet
a group of presidential advisers, primarily the secretaries of federal departments. The size has varied through the years, but lately it has been composed of roughly 20 members
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cert
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chief justice
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civil liberties
individual freedoms and legal protections guaranteed by the Bill of Rights that cannot be denied or hindered by the gov.
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Civil Rights Act of 1964
prohibited racial discrimination in public accommodations
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civil service system
A government employment system in which employees are hired on the basis of their qualifications and cannot be fired merely for belonging to the wrong political party
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clear and present danger test
allows gov. regulation of some expressions
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circuit court of appeals
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cloture
rule that ends filibuster
If 2/3 of senators vote for it, then filibuster is ended (60 votes)
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commander in chief
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concurring opinion
appellate court opinion by judge who endorses the outcome decided by the majority of judges, but wants to express different reasons to justify the outcome
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conference committee
works out differences between the two chambers to create a single bill
Goal: to find common ground to create bills
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Committee on Rules
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court packing plan
FDR's unsuccessful proposal to permit appointment of additional justices to the SC
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courts of last resort
the highest courts in each American court system, typically called supreme courts, that hear selected appeals from the lower courts
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de facto segregation
segregation assumed to occur through peoples personal choice
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de jure segregation
segregation mandated by laws and policy officials
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delegate model
legislator should adhere to the will of their constituents
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dissenting opinion
appellate court opinion explaining the views of one or more judges who disagree with teh outcome of the case as decided by the majority
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