Final Exam Flashcards by fern solis

The Graying of America (6)

America’s population is starting to become dominated by older people. This was mainly due to changes that took place during the Industrial Revolution such as:
-Better Sanitation
-Modern plumbing (clean water, toilets)
-Medical advancements (vaccines, antibiotics, sterile medical equip.)

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Ageism (Prejudice against seniors) (6)

-Higher in industrialized nations and among women
-Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967)
–Protects people 40+

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Social Security (6)

-Franklin D Roosevelt (FDR)
-1930s
-“New Deal”

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Medicare, Medicaid (6)

-Lyndon B Johnson
-1960s
-“War on poverty”

Medicare: covers citizens 65+
Medicaid: helps those of lower income

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Most common type of elder abuse: (6)

Financial

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*Disengagement Theory (6)

-Argues that it’s mutually beneficial for seniors and the young if the elderly disengage from society
-“Let the young people take over” (jobs, activities, etc)

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*Activity theory (6)

-Opposes Disengagement theory
-Argues seniors need to be physically, mentally, and socially active in society
-Wisdom is important to pass down
-Promotes well-being, longer lives
-Supported by the medical profession (as activity lowers the chances of dementia)

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Total # of years a human can live (6)

Life span

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Gender most likely to experience social isolation (6)

Female

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Misdemeanor (7)

-Less serious crimes
-Petty theft, public intoxication, minor drug possession
-Fines, probation likely; prison less than one year

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Felony (7)

-More serious crimes
-Murder, rape, burglary, kidnapping, arson
-Prison more than 1 yr

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Type of crimes that fall under “violent crimes” & Which is the most common? (7)

-Murder, rape robbery
-Assault (MOST COMMON)
-Decades in decline

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Type of crimes that fall under “property crimes” & Which is the most common? (7)

-Burglary, arson, motor-vehicle theft
-Larceny theft (MOST COMMON)
-Decades in decline

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Blue collar crimes (7)

-Lower socioeconomic status
-Robbery, burglary, shoplifting
-More public
-More likely to serve prison time

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White collar crimes (7)

-Higher socioeconomic status
-Corporate crimes, embezzlement, insider trading, identity theft
-Less public, hidden
-Less likely to serve prison time

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Organized crime (7)

Group of people involved in illegal/illicit businesses motivated by profit & making money
-Drug cartels, mafia families, street/biker gangs
-Human trafficking, selling illicit drugs & weapons, armed robbery, counterfeiting, prostitution, money laundering

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Prohibition (1920-1933) (7)

Lasted about 13 years
-Tried to get rid of legally selling alcohol
-Created rise of organized crime
-Smuggling/bootlegging
-Loss of tax revenue

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Perspectives of punishment- Retribution (7)

Criminals should suffer

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Perspectives of punishment- Deterrence (7)

Harsh punishments deter crime

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Perspectives of punishment- Societal protection (7)

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Incarceration protects society

Perspectives of punishment- Rehabilitation (7)

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Goal is to reform inmates

*Strain theory (7)

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Proposes that lack of income/education leads to higher crime rates.
-e.g: a person living in poverty may shoplift in order to survive

*Differential association theory (7)

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States that the people we surround ourselves with/spend the most time with can either have a positive/negative influence on our behavior

*Labeling theory (7)

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Has to do with the labels that we attach to ourselves and how they can influence our perception, feelings, and actions

Capitalism (USA) (11)

-Market economy -Law of supply and demand -Profit-based, private ownership

Socialism (11)

-Mixed economy -More social programs -Sweden, UK, Canada, many Euro countries

Communism (11)

-Planned economy -Cuba, North Korea

Democracy (11)

-Power given through elections and term limits -Local, state, fed. representatives

Monarchy (11)

-Inherit power -Absolute monarchy, like kings and queens (Saudi Arabia) -Constitutional monarchy, usually shares power w/ prime minister (UK)

Authoritarianism (11)

-Power taken by force -Dictators -Kim Jong Un

Monopoly (11)

Single seller/producer dominates an industry/sector -Andrew Carnegie (Steel industry) -John Rockefeller (Oil Industry) -JP Morgan (Banking industry)

*Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) (11)

Breaks up monopolies because they go against capitalism and its' free market

Oligopolies (11)

a state of limited competition, in which a market is shared by a small number of producers or sellers.

Conglomerate (11)

Very-large-scale companies that own smaller sub companies -E.g: Ford Company: Volvo, Mazda

Fictive Kin (13)

Individuals that are not related by blood or by marriage but share the same characteristics of a family relationship

Nuclear family (13)

Couple and their children

How many adults experience DV annually? (13)

10 million

*Deadbeat Parents Punishment Act (1998) (13)

-Felony to refuse child support payments to a child living in another state, or moves to another state to avoid child support payments -May receive a fine and up to 2 yrs in prison

Demography (16)

Study of the human population. Usually conducted with a population census done every 10 years (US)

*Demographic Transition Theory (16)

Population growth slows as a country becomes more industrialized. From high birth/death rates to low birth/death rates -higher standard of living -better nutrition, medical care -birth control, surgical sterilizations, legalized abortion -rise in women in workforce

Relative poverty (16)

Lacking funds to meet avg. standard of living -drive old cars, live in poor neighborhood, buys cheap food -may receive govt. assistance -industrialized countries

Absolute poverty (16)

Lacking funds to meet basic needs of life (food, water, clothing, shelter, medical care) -Difference between living and dying -Underdeveloped countries

How many people die from global hunger daily and annually? (16)

25k daily, 9M yearly

Chattel Slavery (16)

Whenever humans are bought and sold as slaves.

When year did the British Empire abolish slavery? (16)

1833

What year did the US abolish slavery and which amendment is it? (16)

1865 and 13 amendment

*Baby Boom Generation

Term used to describe those who were born from 1946-1964. They make up a large portion of the population especially in developed countries. They had and continue to have a significant impact on economy.

*Modernization

Refers to a transformation of a society from a rural and agrarian condition to a secular, urban, and industrial one. It is closely linked with industrialization

*World-systems theory

World-systems theory (also known as world-systems analysis or the world-systems perspective)[3] is a multidisciplinary approach to world history and social change which emphasizes the world-system (and not nation states) as the primary (but not exclusive) unit of social analysis.[3] World-systems theorists argue that their theory explains the rise and fall of states, income inequality, social unrest, and imperialism.

Final Exam Flashcards

(49 cards)