Final Exam Flashcards
(223 cards)
1
Q
What does the ABC scale measure
A
Perceived confidence in balance during activities
2
Q
Cut off score for abc scale?
A
67% or lower predicts falls in elderly
3
Q
How many items need to be completed on abc scale?
A
12/16
4
Q
What is the cut off score for the tug
A
> 14s fall risk
5
Q
What is the cut off score tug cog
A
> 15s fallers
6
Q
How many seconds more in tug cog score than tug indicate fall risk
A
5.56s
7
Q
What gait speed is less likely to be hospitalized or independent in ADL
A
> 1m/s
8
Q
Community ambulator speed
A
0.8-1.2m/s
9
Q
Under what speed do pt need intervention to reduce risk of fall
A
Under 1m/s
10
Q
More likely to be hospitalized and dependent in ADL gait speed
A
Under 0.6m/s
11
Q
What are the exclusions to the 6min walk test
A
Inhaler or O2, neurological dx, unstable angina, cardiac event past 6 mo
12
Q
Can someone use an ad during 6min walk test
A
Yes
13
Q
What does berg balance scale assess
A
Static balance and fall risk
14
Q
What is the highest possible score on berg
A
56
15
Q
Can someone use an AD during berg
A
No
16
Q
True/false there are potential ceiling/floor effect with berg
A
True
17
Q
T/f berg includes gait items
A
False
18
Q
What is the cut off score for berg independent safe ambulator
A
45/56
19
Q
What does 41-56 indicate berg
A
Low fall risk
20
Q
What does 21-40 indicate berg
A
Medium fall risk
21
Q
What does 0-20 indicate berg
A
High fall risk
22
Q
What does the MOS SF 20 measure
A
Quality of life
23
Q
Responses of mos sf 20 are recorded from how far out
A
4 weeks
24
Q
What are patient identified problems called
A
PIP
25
What is it called when a provider identifies problem
NPIP
26
Does HOAC 1 OR 2 measure reassessment path for existing and anticipated problems
HOAC 2
27
Protocol for numeric pain scale
Make 3 pain ratings current, best, worst in past 24 hrs and avg them
28
Describe visual analog scale
100mm line anchored by word descriptor pt marks line where they feel & measured mm
Most valuable looking at change within individual
29
Faces scale - describe
Explain each face 0 = no hurt 2= hurts a little 4=hurts a bit more 6 hurts even more 8hurts a whole lot 10= hurts as much as you can imagine
30
What are the three components of balance
Sensory input, integration of sensory input, motor output
31
What type of sensory input is there?
Vestibular, visual, proprioception
32
What strategy shifts the COM forward and back by moving body over fixed ankles and muscles activated distal to proximal. Used with small disturbances
Ankle strategy
33
What strategy shifts com flexing/extending at hip, proximal to distal activation, recruited for larger disturbances
Hip strategy
34
What strategy realigns Bos under COM using rapid step, fast larger perturbations
Step strategy
35
Functional balance grade : STATIC
Score # and name
Patient able to maintain steady balance without support
4 normal
36
Functional balance grade : STATIC
Score # and name
Pt able to maintain balance without support limited postural sway
3 good
37
Functional balance grade : STATIC
Score # and name
Pt able to maintain balance with hand held support, may require min assist
2 fair
38
Functional balance grade : STATIC
Score # and name
Pt requires hand help support and mod / max assist
1 poor
39
Functional balance grade : STATIC
Score # and name
Pt unable to maintain balance
0 absent
40
Functional balance grade : DYNAMIC
Score # and name
Pt accepts max challenge and shifts weight easily with full range
4 normal
41
Functional balance grade : DYNAMIC
Score # and name
Pt accepts mod challenge able to maintain balance when picking object from floor
3 good
42
Functional balance grade : DYNAMIC
Score # and name
Pt accepts min challange able to maintain balance turning head
2 fair
43
Functional balance grade : DYNAMIC
Score # and name
Pt unable to accept challenge or move without LOB
1 poor
44
Functional balance grade : DYNAMIC
Score # and name
Pt unable to maintain balance
0 absent
45
Who does sitting balance scale measure for
Frail older adult - non ambulatory
46
Does a higher or lower score for sitting balance indicate higher level of function
Higher
47
What is the cut off score for healthy adult sitting balance?
43/44
48
What is the cut off score for older adults with pathologies required home healthcare
34/44
49
What is the purpose of the functional reach test
Patients stability when reaching forward in fixed position
50
What is a limitation to functional reach
Only one direction
51
What landmark is used to measure functional reach
3rd metacarpal in fist
52
How many trials and avg of what is taken for functional reach?
3 trials avg of last 2
53
What is cut off score functional reach for community dwelling adults indicating unable to leave neighborhood without help
<17.78
54
Cut off score functional reach for frail elderly fall risk
<18.5
55
Cut off score functional reach PD fall risk
<31.75
56
Cut off score stroke functional reach fall risk
<15cm
57
What is the purpose of the Romberg
Neurological test to detect poor balance
58
How long does pt have to maintain Romberg position (ft together eyes open arms folded) for
30 s
59
Waht does a negative Romberg indicate
No change or worsening with eyes closed to eyes open
60
Waht does positive Romberg indicate
Pt able to stand eyes open but increase sway when eyes closed
61
How long does someone stand in sharpened Romberg
10 s
62
What does the single leg stance measure
Static balance
63
What is the cut off score for single leg stance
<5s 2x risk falling
64
What does the 4 stager balance test measure
Assess standing balance - 4 progressively challenging position
65
Can a pt us an AD for 4 stage balance test
No
66
What does the tinetti falls efficacy scale measure
Pt perception of balance and stability during ADL, fear of falling
67
What does 1 mean on tinetti falls efficacy?
What does 10 mean
1 = extremely confident
10= no confidence
68
T/f lower scores on tinetti falls efficacy indicate greater fear of falling
False
69
What is the cut off score for tinetti falls efficacy indicating fear of falling
>70
70
What does the four step square test test
Dynamic balance clinically asssess ability to step over object forward sideways and backward
71
Cut off score for fall risk 4 step square
>15s
72
What does Fullerton advanced balance scale test
Static and dynamic balance under varying sensory conditions
73
What is cut off score for fall risk in Fullerton advanced
25/40
74
What doe the mini bestest and bestest test measure (6 underlying systems)
Biomechanical
Stability limits
Postural response
Anticipatory postural adjustment
Sensory orientation
Dynamic balance gait and cognitive
75
Can someone use an AD during bestest / mini bestest
Yes score 1 point lower in each category
76
What is the cut off scorer for risk of falls mini bestest / bestest
<69%
77
Define floor effect
No change seen in scores with even lower performance
78
Define ceiling effect
No change seen in scores even better
79
What does the 2 min walk test measure
Endurance
80
What population is the borg scale good for
Assess intensity in individuals that take med for HR
81
What is the borg scale measurement
6-20
6= no exertion
13 = somewhat hard
20 = max effort
82
What do you x rpe by to get HR
10
83
T/f modified borg has correlation to heart rate
False
84
What is modified Borg out of
0-10
85
What does the talk test measure
Exercise prescription and monitoring tolerance to activity
86
Talk test protocol
Yes
Not sure
No
Yes = + keep going
Not sure = equivocal = keep going
No = - stop
87
If counting talk test is <25 what level are they exercising
40-50% - mod to vigorous
88
If counting talk test is > = 25 what level are they working at
30-40%
89
What does 5x STS measure
Functional lower limb muscle strength, transitions, balance
90
What is a failure for 5xSTS
Inability to complete 5 reps without UE assistance
Modifications made should be documented
91
What is the geriatric population 5x STS cut off score needing further assessment, recurrent falls
Further assessment >12s
Recurrent falls >15s
92
What does 30 sec chair stand measure
Leg strength and endurance
93
What are 3 sections to Glasgow coma scale?
Eye opening, motor response, verbal response
94
Lower Glasgow = higher or lower level of function
Lower
95
What does the rancho los amigos scale measure
Recovery in brain injury
96
Waht level of RLA scale does pt not respond to external stimulus and appears to sleep
Level 1 - no response
97
What level in RLA does pt react to external stimulus to non specific inconsistencies
Level 2 generalized response
98
Waht level RLA does pt respond specifically and inconsistently with delay but may follow simple command
Level 3 - localized response
99
Waht RLA scale does pt have bizzare non purposeful incoherent innapropriate behavior
Level 4 confused and agitated
100
What level RLA does pt give random response, follow simple command, memory impaired
Level 5 confused inappropriate non agitated
101
Waht level RLA does pt give context appropriate goal directed response memory problem persist
Level 6 confused appropriate
102
What level RLA does pt behaves appropriately but limited social interaction
Level 7 automatic appropriate
103
What level RLA does pt oriented and responses to environment
Level 8 purposeful appropriate
104
Waht does the modified ashworth scale measure
Assess muscle spasticity
105
DTR scale
0 = none
1+ = minimal
2+ normal
3+ overly brisk
4+ extremely brisk with clonus
106
T/f 1,2,3 DTR can be normal seen bilaterally
True false if unilateral
107
Hypotonic DTR indicates UMnL or LMNL
LMN
108
Hypertonic DTR UMNL or LMNL
UMNL
109
Positive babinski indicate UMNL or LMNL
UMNL
110
Where should you hold when testing propriception
Side of finger
111
Waht does 9 hole peg test measure
Fine motor control
112
Waht does dizziness handicap inventory measure?
Self perceived handicap due to dizziness
113
What is mild for the DHI
0-30
114
What is moderate for DHI
31-60
115
What is high for DHI
61-100
116
ABCDE for goals
Actor behavior condition degree expected time
117
Waht does the mini mental state exam test
Screening tool for cognitive imapairment and record cognitive changes overtime
118
What is the highest possible score on mini mental
30
119
What is a normal score on mini mental
24/30
120
What is a mild score on mini mental
18-24
121
What is a severe score on mini mental
0-17
122
What is the cut off score on mini mental with pt with / without PD dementia
26/30
123
What does Montreal cognitive assessment MOCA screen for
Cognitive abilities designed to detect mild cognitive dysfunction
124
What is the cut off score for the MOCA
>26/30 =0.867 normal
125
How many points are addded if someone had less formal education for MOCA
1 pt added
126
Waht does the saint Louis university mental status exam SLUMS measure
Persons who have dementia or mild neurocognitive impairment
127
SLUMS score at least high school education normal mild neurcognitive dementia
Normal - 27/30
Mild 21-26/30
Dementia 1-20/30
128
Waht is the SLUMs scoring for less than a high school education Normal, mild, dementia
Normal - 25-30
Mild- 20-24
Dementia - 1-19
129
What is the MARS used for
Observational rating scale provide reliable measure of attention related behavior after TBI
130
What does a high score on MARS mean
Better level attention
131
Waht does the kettle test measure
Assess cognitive functional performance
132
What does a high score on the kettle test measure
More severe problem in performance
133
What is the avg cadence of non disabled adults
117 steps/min
134
How far one foot has travelled in relation to the other is known as
Step length
135
Number of steps taken in certain amount of time is
Cadence
136
Avg preferred walking speed for adults is
1.2-1.4 m/s
137
What is avg walking base for adults
7-8cm
138
What does tinetti poma measure
Gait and balance
139
What is scoring for tinetti poma
<19 = high fall risk
19-24=-5 md fall risk
25-28 =low fall risk
140
What does dynamic gait index measure
Assess ability to modify balance while walking in presence of external demands
141
Waht is scoring of DGI
<19 = predictive falls
>22/24 =safe ambulator
142
What does functional gait measure
Assess postural stability during various walking tasks
143
T/f FGA created to decrease ceiling effect of DGI
True
144
Waht did FGA add in
Walking backwards, narrow BOS and eyes closed
145
Waht is scoring of FGA
<22/30 =predicts falls
<20/30 =unexplained falls in next 6 months
146
What gait speed is household ambulator
<.4m/s
147
What is the wheelchair outcome measure WHOM
Measures client specific wheel chair intervention based on ICF
148
Scoring the whom is based on what two things
Importance x satisfaction
149
Functional evaluation in wheel chair FEW measuees what
Basic wheelchair use
150
What does wheelchair skills test WST measure
Wheelchairs operated by user or caregiver
151
Wheelchair users who had their chair 3 weeks longer than others scored how much higher on WST
22%
152
Waht does power mobility indoor driving assessment measure PIDA
Assess indoor mobility of people who use power chair living in institutions
153
What does the WOMAC measure
Self administered assesses pain stiffness and function in pt with OA of hip / knee
154
What does a higher WOMAc score indicate
Worse pain / stiffness/ function
155
What does the foot and ankle ability measure FAAM test
Universal measure of change in physical functioning of pt with leg ankle and foot msk disorders
156
MCID for FAAM
9% - sport
8% - regular
157
158
Waht does a higher score on the FAAM indicate
Better functioning
159
Waht does the Lower extremity functional scale measure
Alternative to MOS SF 20 for pt with LE diagnoses
160
What is MCID for LEFS
9%
161
What does a higher score on LEFS indicate
Higher functioning
162
Waht does the single step test measure
Unilateral abilities of surgical and non surgical limb following TKA
163
How tall is the block in single step test
15cm 6in
164
How many reps in single step test
20 - record time
Record # if under 20
165
Waht does the heel rise test measure
Functional strength of gastric/ soles muscles
166
T/f subject can wear shoes during heel rise
False
167
Should you test b or uni first in heel rise
Bilateral
168
When should you terminate heel rise test
Knee flexes
PF ROM decrease 50%
Rocking back and forth
LOB
169
How many reps should you document up to on heel rise
25
170
What is normal strength in heel rise
>20reps
171
What is fair strength heel rise
1-9
172
Waht is poor strength heel rise
Unable to raise 1
173
What does muscle performance rely on
Muscle strength
Muscle length
174
Medical research council MMT is word or number scoring
Number 0-5
175
In medical research council & Daniel’s and worthingham what is
normal strength
Good
Fair
Poor
Trace
Normal - 5
Good- 4
Fair-3
Poor-2
Trace-1
176
What score indicates a person can mmt against gravity
3
177
Go through action of myotomes
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
T1
T2
Cervical lat flex
Shoulder elevation
Shoulder and
Elbow flex wrist ext
Elbow ext wrist flex
Thumb ext finger flex
Finger and and add
None
178
Motions at myotomes
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
S1
S2
None
Hip flexion
Knee extension
Ankle DF and inversion
Great toe extension
Ankle eversion and PF
Knee ext and ankle PF
179
When muscle is resting length long it delvelops s
Stretch weakness
180
When muscle length resting is short it develops
Adaptive shortening
181
What is correct position grip strength
Sitting unsupported
Thumbs up positions
Elbow flexed 90
182
What does the neck disability index measure
Questionnaire assess how neck pain affects daily life
183
High score on NDI means what
Higher disability
184
Scoring of NDI
0-4=no disability
5-14 =mild disability
15-24=mod disability
25-34=severe disability
35+ = complete disability
185
Q dash measures what
Disorders and measures disability of UE
186
When is the qDASH not valid
Missing greater than 3 items
187
What is the MCID QDASH
10
188
What does the oswestry disability index measure ODI
Pt with acute sub acute or chronic back pain
Gold standard LBP
How back pain effects ability to manage every day life
189
T/f ODI can measure a patients permanent functional disability
True
190
ODI scoring (percentage)
Pt can cope with most living activities no tax indicated
Pt experiences more paIN with sitting lifting standing
Pain remains main problemADL affected
back pain impinges on all aspects of life
Bed bound
0-20% minimal
21-40% moderate
41-60% severe
61-80% cripples
81-100% bed bound
191
Waht does back endurance test
Isometric muscular endurance
192
Prone bridge test measures
Abdominal muscle strength
193
Barthel ADL index measures
Assess ability of individual with neuromuscular or msk disorder to care for themselves
Determine burden of care
194
What are barthel scores based off of (time)
Last 48 hrs
195
Scoring barthel
0=dependent
100= independent
196
Common population of barthel
Stroke
197
What is the MCID for barthel
35
198
Cut off scores for stroke barthel
0-20= total dependence
21-60 =severe dependence
61-90=mod dependence’s
91-99=slight dependence
199
Is USe of AD to be independent allowed in barthel?
Yes
200
Barthel measure previous and future capabilities of pt?
No just what they can do
201
Waht is the cut off scores for barthel that means unlikely to make improvement
<40
202
Waht scores barthel show most improvement
40-80
203
When should barthel be used for stroke pt
5 days after - 6 months
204
IRF PAI measures what
Functional ability and goals
205
Rivermead measures what
Functional ability following stroke
206
Is the rivermead for bedridden or runners?
Both
207
Waht is Max score of rivermead and what does a higher score indicate
15 = better mobility performance
208
SIP68 measures what
Assess QOL and level of dysfunction resulting from disability or illness
209
Higher score on sip better or worse
Worse
210
Waht does back depression inventory BDI measure
Symptoms of depression
211
Higher score on BDI indicate what
Extreme depression
212
Waht cut off score for BDI indicate extreme depression
40+
213
What does geriatric depression scale measure
Depression / suicidal in elderly
214
Higher scores indicate what on GDS
Depression
215
Cut off scores for GDS
0-9=normal
10-19=mild
20-30severe
216
Scores greater than what on the GDS 15 require more testing
>5
217
Waht does the pt health questionnaire -9 PHQ9 assess
Depression
218
Higher scores on PHQ 9 indicate what
Higher depression
219
Waht does zung self rating anxiety scale measure
Level of anxiety
220
When should answers be considered in zung
1 - 2 weeks out
221
Higher score on zung indicates
Higher anxiety
222
Waht is normal anxiety
20-44
223
What is extreme anxiety
75-80
