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Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Rank: Most Recent (1) to Furthest in the past (6)

A

1 Algorithm-powered Semantic Web
2 Search Engines
3 Web browsers
4 HTML
5 Microprocessors
6 Telegraph

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2
Q

Rank the steps of the Critical Process from first to last

A

1 Description
2 Analysis
3 Interpretation
4 Evaluation
5 Engagement

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3
Q

Who were possibly the first professional editors, transcribing texts and determining what information was kept or left out, according to the textbook?

A

Medieval Christian priests (scribes)

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4
Q

What was the first recorded method of mechanically producing multiple books at a time from the same text, recorded as early as the third century?

A

Chinese block printing

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5
Q

What classification of books has the highest rate of sales and includes works such as adult fiction and nonfiction, YA fiction and nonfiction, and graphic novels?

A

Trades

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6
Q

What is the primary motivation described in the lecture for book censorship and bannings?

A

prevent learning about other cultures

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7
Q

In half of US states, which bodies or groups determine which textbooks are okay to use in public school classrooms?

A

Local school districts / state-run school boards

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8
Q

What type of journalism was championed by editor Walter Lippman, who outlined three important press responsibilities?

A

Interpretive journalism

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9
Q

From the 1970s to 2000s, which medium did most people say was the most trustworthy for news?

A

TV

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10
Q

According to “The Elements of Journalism” 2007 by Bill Kovach and Tom Rosenstiel, a journalist’s first obligation should be to ___ and its first loyalty to ___.

A

The truth; citizens

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11
Q

Which era of news was highlighted by the often-underhanded competition between William Randolph Hearst’s New York Journal and Joseph Pulitzer’s New York World?

A

Yellow journalism

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12
Q

What kinds of newspapers specialized in promoting specific points of view from one political party?

A

Partisan press

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13
Q

After WW2, many magazines began folding, including those with very high readership. Which of these is NOT a reason for that wave?

A

Women were reading the newspaper more

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14
Q

What type of magazine emerged in the 1800s, as represented by The Saturday Evening Post?

A

General interest magazines

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15
Q

Which of these emerged as a result of cable news networks and talking heads?

A

Journalism of assertion

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16
Q

State-sponsored actors who spread partisan messages, such as operations in Russia, China, and North Korea, are what kind of fake news?

A

Propagandists

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17
Q

The tabloid Enquirer was known for “catch and kill”. What does this describe?

A

Paying for exclusive rights to stories, then never publishing them

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18
Q

What was the New England Courant newspaper, bub listed by James Franklin in 1721, known for introducing?

A

General-interest stories

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19
Q

What name was given to magazines that highlighted corruption and shoddy products like patent medicines, while urging for social change?

A

Muckrakers

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20
Q

Which type of fake news is characterized by media outlets who seek to influence news and public agenda with false stories and information?

A

Opinion entrepreneurs

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21
Q

What was the name of cheaply produced papers during the Industrial Revolution that often fabricated stories, such as the New York Sun’s series on “man-bats” living on the moon?

A

Penny Press

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22
Q

Satirists

A
  • Jon Stewart’s The Daily Show
  • SNL’s Weekend Update
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23
Q

Hoaxes or Hucksters

A
  • Internet phishing schemes
  • P. T. Barnum
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24
Q

Opinion Entrepreneurs

A
  • Alex Jones’s Info Wars
  • Breitbart.com
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25
Information Anarchists
- Pizzagate - QAnon conspiracy theory
26
Propagandists
- China’s Great Firewall - Russian bot farms
27
Sound Recording
- The British Invasion - MP3s
28
Radio
- Hot clocks - Red and Blue networks
29
Television
- Imitate/Innovate/Saturate - Time-shifting
30
Movies
- HUAC investigations - The Big Five - Kinetographs
31
Transistors were an important invention for the radio industry for the radio industry for which of these reasons?
They made portable radios cheap and accessible
32
What is the largest source of revenue for a modern-day movie?
Global box office
33
Which genre of TV show failed to thrive against the episodic series?
Anthology series
34
Which of these ended during the Reagan Administration, paving the way for conservative-dominated talk radio?
The Fairness Doctrine
35
What is the best description of Peak TV?
Too many TV shows being made
36
What is vertical integration, which allowed big movie studios to push out their competition?
Controlling all aspects of movie production, distribution, and exhibition
37
What was the reason many Black film studios closed as talkies rose in popularity?
Talkies were too expensive for small studios to make
38
Which of these came about in 1949 as station managers took more control of what disc jockeys played?
Format radio
39
In the 1920s, what caused phonograph and record sales to fall by half?
Radio broadcasts
40
Which industry did television steal ideas from the most in its earliest years?
Radio
41
Which organization was founded to collect copyright fees for playing recorded music?
ASCAP
42
Which of these is NOT a reason movie attendance started falling after 1946?
Ticket prices at opulent movie palaces soared
43
Bob Dylan and Woody Guthrie performed music from which genre, also called the music of protest during the 60s?
Folk
44
Which of these best describes the reasons TV networks poured money into news broadcast operations in the 1960s?
They wanted to avoid government regulation
45
What was the outcome of the Supreme Court’s 1979 Midwest Video decision?
The cable industry had the same rights as a magazine publisher, not a broadcast network
46
Which of these is NOT a form of popular music which rose to popularity in the 1950s?
Jazz
47
Early experiments in wireless transmissions were intended to improve communication with which of these?
Ships
48
What was the nickname of the first movie production cartel, created by Thomas Edison?
The Trust
49
Which of these are the primary reason Congress passed the Radio Act of 1912?
Stop amateur radio operators from jamming the airwaves
50
Which of these came first?
Phonographs
51
What ancient Sumeran form of writing paved the way for the first written manuscripts?
Cuneiform
52
Which of these is NOT a reason text printed through printing presses was more impactful in the written era than hand-written and illuminated manuscripts?
Editors had more control over what was printed
53
Which concept refers to an entire population watching the same few channels or listening to the same collection of songs?
Mass nation, or mass consensus
54
Control over communication during the electronic era shifted to corporations for which reason?
They built and owned the broadcast centers, towers, and cables
55
What tool used to sift data and make decisions is part of the Semantic Wev, as described by Tim Berners-Lee?
Algorithms
56
The explosion of web sites from the thousands to the millions led which technology to rise in prominence?
Search engines
57
How did HTML, invented by Tim Berners-Lee, change the Internet into the World Wide Web?
Allowed sited to link freely and easily
58
During the Industrial Revolution, which change in how people lived paved the way for the electronic communication era?
People left rural villages and moved to cities
59
Where do 49 percent of people play games today, according to surveys?
Smartphones and tablets
60
MOSAIC is an example of which Internet innovation?
Browsers
61
Which form of broadcasting was called wireless telegraphy?
Radio
62
By the time of the Civil War, telegraphs had made communication almost instantaneous. How did this affect news in the United States?
Made it a commodity
63
Which entity was primarily responsible for the creation of ARPAnet, the proto-Internet?
Military
64
The Irish seanchi John Henry was an example of which era in communication history?
Oral
65
Who carried the most power or influence in a society during the spoken or oral communication era?
Elders
66
Who opposed written language in ancient Greece, saying writing down items would weaken people’s memories?
Philosophers
67
What separated the electronic era of communication and the digital era of communication, according to the lecture?
Encoding information as binary data
68
Which term is used to describe the blending of communication between two people and communicating between many people?
Masspersonal
69
What happened as a result of the Supreme Court case Brown v Entertainment Merchants Association?
Video games recognized as protected speech
70
Which technology was the first time information was sent using electricity?
Telegraph
71
The collection of multiple formats of media - video, audio, written - onto one platform during the digital era is called what?
Convergence
72
Johannes Gutenberg is credited with advancing Europe into the written communication era with what invention?
Movable type
73
What makes video games a different medium than books, television, or movies?
Interactive nature
74
Which was the first commercially released game console?
Odyssey
75
During the spoken or oral communication era, what required people to preserve their culture and history through story and spoken tradition?
Lack of written language
76
Oral
Preserving tradition around close-knit groups
77
Written
Promoting individualism
78
Electronic
Rise of consensus narrative
79
Digital
Formation of niche nation

Mass Comm (3 decks)

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