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Living Anatomy II > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the origin of the Rectus Abdominus?

A

Pubic tubercles, pubic symphysis

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2
Q

What is the origin of the External Obliques?

A

External aspect of 8 lower ribs (ribs 5-12)

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3
Q

What is the origin of the Interal Obliques?

A

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest & TCA

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4
Q

What is the origin of the Transversus Abdominus?

A

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, TCA, & internal surface of lower 6 ribs

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5
Q

What is the origin of the Gluteus Maximus?

A

Posterior iliac crest, PSIS, lateral border of sacrum & coccyx, sacrotuberous & sacroiliac ligaments

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6
Q

What is the origin of the Gluetus Medius?

A

Lateral (gluteal) surface of the ilium (b/w posterior & anterior gluteal lines)

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7
Q

What is the origin of the Gluteus Minimus?

A

Lateral (gluteal) surface of the ilium (b/w anterior & inferior gluteal lines)

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8
Q

What is the origin of the Piriformis?

A

Anterior border of the sacrum

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9
Q

What is the origin of the Sartorius?

A

ASIS

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10
Q

What is the origin of the Tensor Fascia Lata?

A

Iliac crest (lateral/posterior to ASIS)

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11
Q

What is the origin of the Quadratus Femoris?

A

Ischial tuberosity (lateral border)

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12
Q

What is the origin of the Pectineus?

A

Superior ramus of pubis

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13
Q

What is the origin of the Adductor Brevis?

A

Inferior ramus of pubis

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14
Q

What is the origin of the Adductor Longus?

A

Pubic tubercle

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15
Q

What is the origin of the Adductor Magnus?

A

Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity

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16
Q

What is the origin of the Gracilis?

A

Inferior ramus of pubis & ramus of ischium

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17
Q

What is the origin of the Biceps Femoris?

A

Long head: Ischial tuberosity

Short head: Lateral lip of linea aspera

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18
Q

What is the origin of the Semitendinosis?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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19
Q

What is the origin of the Semimebranosis?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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20
Q

What is the origin of the Rectus Femoris?

A

AIIS

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21
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Medalis?

A

Medial lip of linea aspera

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22
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tub, & greater trochanter

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23
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Intermedius?

A

Anterior and lateral shaft of the femur

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24
Q

What is the origin of the Tibialis Anterior?

A

Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseus membrane

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25
What is the origin of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?
Proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseus membrane | Lateral condyle of tibia
26
What is the origin of the Extensor Hallicis Longus?
Middle, anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
27
What is the origin of the Peroneus Longus?
Head of fibula and proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
28
What is the origin of the Peroneus Brevis?
Distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
29
What is the origin of the Gastrocnemius?
Lateral & medial condyles of the femur (posterior surfaces)
30
What is the origin of the Soleus?
Soleal line of tibia, proximal 1/3 posterior fibula (incl. head)
31
What is the origin of the Plantaris?
Lateral supracondylar line of femur | above & behind med. epicondyle
32
What is the origin of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?
Middle, posterior surface of tibia
33
What is the origin of the Tibialis Posterior?
Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseus membrane
34
What is the origin of the Flexor Hallicis Longus?
Middle half of posterior fibula
35
What is the origin of the Popliteus?
Lateral condyle of the femur | lateral surface
36
What is the insertion of the Rectus Abdominus?
Cartilage of 5th-7th ribs & xiphoid process
37
What is the insertion of the External Oblique?
Anterior ½ of external iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
38
What is the insertion of the Internal Oblique?
Internal surface of ribs 12 -10, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba.
39
What is the insertion of the Transversus Abdominus?
Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
40
What is the insertion of the Gluteus Maximus?
IT band (superficial fibers) & gluteal tuberosity (deep fibers)
41
What is the insertion of the Gluteus Medius?
Greater trochanter (lateral superior aspect)
42
What is the insertion of the Gluteus Minimus?
Greater trochanter (anterior border)
43
What is the insertion of the Piriformis?
Greater trochanter (superior aspect)
44
What is the insertion of the Sartorius?
Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
45
What is the insertion of the Tensor Fascia Lata?
IT Band
46
What is the insertion of the Quadratus Femoris?
Intertrochanteric crest
47
What is the insertion of the Pectineus?
Pectineal line of femur | from lesser trochanter to linea aspera
48
What is the insertion of the Adductor Brevis?
Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera
49
What is the insertion of the Adductor Longus?
Medial lip of linea aspera
50
What is the insertion of the Adductor Magnus?
Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle
51
What is the insertion of the Gracilis?
Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
52
What is the insertion of the Biceps Femoris?
Head of the fibula
53
What is the insertion of the Semitendinosis?
Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
54
What is the insertion of the Semimembranosis?
Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia
55
What is the insertion of the Rectus Femoris?
Tibial tuberosity | via patella&patellar ligament
56
What is the insertion of the Vastus Medialis?
Tibial tuberosity | via patella&patellar ligament
57
What is the insertion of the Vastus Lateralis?
Tibial tuberosity | via patella&patellar ligament
58
What is the insertion of the Vastus Intermedius?
Tibial tuberosity | via patella&patellar ligament
59
What is the insertion of the Tibialis Anterior?
Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal | medial and plantar surface
60
What is the insertion of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?
Middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes | dorsal aspect
61
What is the insertion of the Extensor Hallicis Longus?
Base of distal phalanx of 1st toe | dorsal aspect
62
What is the insertion of the Peroneus Longus?
Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform | plantar surface
63
What is the insertion of the Peroneus Brevis?
Base of 5th metatarsal | lateral side
64
What is the insertion of the Gastrocnemius?
Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
65
What is the insertion of the Soleus?
Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
66
What is the insertion of the Plantaris?
Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
67
What is the insertion of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?
Distal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes | plantar surface
68
What is the insertion of the Tibialis Posterior?
All five tarsal bones and bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals | plantar surface
69
What is the insertion of the Flexor Hallicis Longus?
Distal phalanx of 1st toe | plantar surface
70
What is the insertion of the Popliteus?
Proximal, posterior tibia
71
What are the actions of the Rectus Abdominus?
1. Flexion of trunk (bilaterally) | 2. Compression of abdomen
72
What are the actions of the External Oblique?
1. Trunk flexion (bilaterally) 2. Trunk lateral flexion to same side (unilaterally) 3. Trunk rotation to opposite side (unilaterally) 4. Compression of abdomen
73
What are the actions of the Internal Oblique?
1. Trunk flexion (bilateral) 2. Trunk lateral flexion to same side (unilaterally) 3. Trunk rotation to same side (unilaterally) 4. Compression of abdomen
74
What are the actions of the Transversus Abdominus?
1. Compression of abdomen | 2. Assists in forced expiration
75
What are the actions of the Gluteus Maximus?
Hip: 1. Extension 2. lateral rotation 3. Abduction 4. some ADduction (lower fibers) Pelvis: 1. Extension (distal attach. fixed)
76
What are the actions of the Gluteus Medius?
All fibers: 1. ABduct the hip Anterior fibers: 1. flex the hip 2. medially rotate the hip Posterior fibers: 1. extend the hip 2. laterally rotate the hip
77
What are the actions of the Gluteus Minimus?
1. Abduction of hip 2. medial rotation of hip 3. hip flexion
78
What are the actions of the Piriformis?
1. Lateral rotation of hip | 2. Abduction when hip is flexed to 90 degrees
79
What are the actions of the Sartorius?
Hip: 1. Flex the hip 2. Laterally rotate the hip 3. Abduct the hip Knee: 4. Flex the knee 5. Medially rotate the flexed knee
80
What are the actions of the Tensor Fascia Lata?
1. Abduction of hip 2. medial rotation of hip 3. hip flexion
81
What are the actions of the Quadratus Femoris?
1. Hip lateral rotation
82
What are the actions of the Pectineus?
1. Adduct the hip 2. Medially rotate the hip 3. Assist to flex the hip
83
What are the actions of the Adductor Brevis?
1. Adduct the hip 2. Medially rotate the hip 3. Assist to flex the hip
84
What are the actions of the Adductor Longus?
1. Adduct the hip 2. Medially rotate the hip 3. Assist to flex the hip
85
What are the actions of the Adductor Magnus?
Upper fibers: 1. Adduct the hip 2. Medially rotate the hip 3. Assist to flex the hip Posterior/lower fibers: 1. Extend the hip
86
What are the actions of the Gracilis?
1. Adduct the hip 2. Medially rotate the hip 3. Flex the knee 4. Medially rotate the flexed knee
87
What are the actions of the Biceps Femoris?
1. Flex the knee 2. Laterally rotate the flexed knee Long Head: 3. Extend the hip 4. Assist to laterally rotate hip Also: Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
88
What are the actions of the Semitendinosis?
1. Flex the knee 2. Medially rotate the flexed knee 3. Extend the hip 4. Assist to medially rotate the hip Also: Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
89
What are the actions of the Semimembranosis?
1. Flex the knee 2. Medially rotate the flexed knee 3. Extend the hip 4. Assist to medially rotate the hip Also: Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
90
What are the actions of the Rectus Femoris?
1. Extend the knee | 2. Flex the hip
91
What are the actions of the Vastus Medialis?
1. Extend the knee
92
What are the actions of the Vastus Lateralis?
1. Extend the knee
93
What are the actions of the Vastus Intermedius?
1. Extend the knee
94
What are the actions of the Tibilais Anterior?
1. Invert the foot | 2. Dorsiflex the ankle
95
What are the actions of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?
1. Extend the 2nd-5th toes (MP + IP joints) 2. Dorsiflex the ankle 3. Evert the foot
96
What are the actions of the Extensor Hallicis Longus?
1. Extend the 1st toe (MP and IP joint) 2. Dorsiflex the ankle 3. Invert the foot
97
What are the actions of the Peroneus Longus?
1. Evert the foot | 2. Plantar flex the ankle
98
What are the actions of the Peroneus Brevis?
1. Evert the foot | 2. Assist to plantar flex the ankle
99
What are the actions of the Gastrocnemius?
1. Flex the knee | 2. Plantar flex the ankle
100
What are the actions of the Soleus?
1. Plantar flex the ankle
101
What are the actions of the Plantaris?
1. Weak plantar flexion of the ankle | 2. Weak flexion of the knee
102
What are the actions of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?
1. Flex the 2nd-5th toes 2. Invert the foot 3. Weak plantar flexion of ankle
103
What are the actions of the Tibialis Posterior?
1. Invert the foot | 2. Plantar flex the ankle
104
What are the actions of the Flexor Hallicis Longus?
1. Flex the 1st toe 2. Invert the foot 3. Weak plantar flexion of ankle
105
What are the actions of the Popliteus?
1. Medially rotate the flexed knee | 2. Flex the knee
106
Which muscles flex the hip?
``` Psoas major Iliacus TFL Sartorius Rectus Femoris Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Adductor longus (assists) Pectineus (assists) Adductor Brevis (assists) Adductor Magnus (assists) ```
107
Which muscles extend the hip?
``` Gluteus Maximus Biceps Femoris (long head) Semitendinosis Semimembranosis Adductor Magnus (posterior fibers) Gluteus Medius (posterior fibers) ```
108
Which muscles medially rotate the hip?
``` Gluteus Medius (anterior fibers) Gluteus Minimus TFL ADductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Gracilis Semitendinosis (assists) Semimembranosis (assists) ```
109
Which muscles laterally rotate the hip?
``` Gluteus Maximus (all fibers) Piriformis Quadratus Femoris Obturator internus Obturator externus Gemellus superior and inferior Gluteus medius (posterior fibers) Psoas major Iliacus Sartorius Biceps Femoris (assists, long head) ```
110
Which muscles aBduct the hip?
``` Gluteus Maximus (all fibers) Gluteus Medius (all fibers) Gluteus minimus TFL Sartorius Piriformis (when hip is flexed) ```
111
Which muscles aDduct the hip?
``` Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Gracilis Gluteus maximus (lower fibers) ```
112
Which muscles flex the knee?
``` Biceps femoris Semitendinosis Semimembranosis Gracilis Sartorius Gastrocnemius Popliteus Plantaris (weak) ```
113
Which muscles extend the knee?
Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Vastus Intermedius
114
Which muscles plantar flex?
``` Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis posterior Peroneus Longus (assists) Peroneus Brevis (assists) Flexor digitorum longus (weak) Flexor hallucis longus (weak) Plantaris (weak) ```
115
Which muscles dorsiflex?
Tibialis Anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus
116
Which muscles invert the foot?
``` Tibialis Anterior Tibialis Posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Extensor hallucis longus ```
117
Which muscles evert the foot?
Peroneus longus Peroneus brevis Extensor digitorum longus
118
Which muscles flex the spine?
``` Rectus abdominus External oblique (bilaterally) Internal oblique (bilaterally) Psoas major (with origin fixed) Iliacus (with origin fixed) ```
119
Which muscles rotate the spine?
External oblique (to opposite side) Internal oblique (to same side) Multifidi (to opposite side) Rotatores (to opposite side)
120
Which muscles do lateral flexion?
``` Iliocostalis External oblique Internal oblique Longissimus Quadratus lumborum Psoas major (assists) Intertransversarii Spinalis Latissimus dorsi (assists) ```

Living Anatomy II (2 decks)

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