Final exam Flashcards
1
Q
What does 5W2H stand for?
A
Who what when where why how how much
2
Q
What does CARBS stand for?
A
contrast alignment repetition balance spacing used for designing visual aids
3
Q
What does CLOUD stand for?
A
coherence length organization unity development
4
Q
What does DOCS stand for?
A
Design
organization
content
style
5
Q
What does HATS stand for?
A
heading
art
typography
spacing
6
Q
What does SPELL stand for?
A
Structure punctuation errors language length
7
Q
What does SVC stand for?
A
Subject
verb
complement
8
Q
What are the 4 Cs?
A
Content is clear
complete
correct
compelling
9
Q
What are the 2 V verbs?
A
vicinity
voice
10
Q
Minimizing resource use is referred to as being ___
While maximizing results is referred to as being ___
A
Efficient
Effective
p. 2
11
Q
After a speaker makes a substantive comment, you paraphrase what you think the speaker is trying to say to you- is a technique called
A
Reflective listening
(active listening)
p. 10
12
Q
Gestures, table manners, PERT & Gantt charts, networking
A
Ch. 1
p. 14
13
Q
What are the 4 major phases of writing?
A
Content organization writing design p. 17
14
Q
What does WIIFM stand for?
A
Whats in it for me?
p. 18
15
Q
Top-down outlining starts with ___ and moves to ___
A
major ideas
the details
p. 18
16
Q
Bottom-Up outlining first lists ___ and then uses inductive logic to determine ___
A
the details
the major ideas
p. 18
17
Q
Name 3 effective methods for top-down outlining
A
Traditional outline
Tree diagram
Mind map
p. 19
18
Q
Non-chronoligical information is compared to a
A
photograph
p. 21
19
Q
Chronological information is compared to a
A
movie
p. 21
20
Q
As a general rule, use the __ approach for conveying good news or routine messages.
A
Direct
p. 25
21
Q
Use the __ approach for conveying bad new or persuasive messages
A
indirect
p.25
22
Q
Targeting logical, rational thinking is called
A
logos
p. 25
23
Q
An appeal to the heart is called
A
pathos
p. 25
24
Q
When trying to persuade someone, a __ approach focuses on benefits to be gained
A
positive
p. 25
25
When trying to persuade someone, a __ approach focuses on what the person might lose
negative
| p.25
26
Urgency or highlighting the benefits of taking action right now and communicating what will be lost by delaying action is called
kairos
| p. 26
27
What are the 3 main purposes of most written messages?
Inform, persuade, build relationships
| p. 26
28
What steps are required to turn a free list into an outline?
Categorize, sequence, evaluate
| p. 26
29
Five outline tests
Ch. 2
| p. 22
30
Logical fallacies list
p. 37
31
What are the 4 types of agendas?
```
Quantify
identify
organize
symbolize
p. 41
```
32
What are the 2 aspects of headings?
adequacy
hierarchy
p. 43
33
What are the 3 Is?
introduce
insert
interpret
p. 45
34
The reader should be able to understand the main message of a visual in about __ seconds
5
| p. 45
35
In a pie graph, arrange the segments from largest to smallest in ___ order
clockwise
| p. 47
36
In a pie graph, begin the largest segment at the __
top
(12 o'clock position)
p. 47
37
___ files are scalable without loss of resolution
vector
| p. 48
38
vector files are much smaller than __ files
raster
| p. 48
39
People prefer ___ numbers
Odd
| p. 50
40
___ fonts are often preferred for body text because the ___ make each letter more unique and easier to recognize
Serif fonts
serifs (little finishing marks at the end of the stroke)
p. 51
41
___ fonts are often used for headings because they usually have a thicker stroke
Sans serif
| p. 51
42
Alignment
p. 51-52
43
Orphans & widows
p. 52
44
Why are line and bar charts preferred over pie charts?
Easier to judge size
| p. 54
45
What type of text alignment should be used with most office documents?
left
| p. 54
46
What is a "gray page"?
a page that needs to have an increase in internal space
| p. 54
47
What 3 major problems can occur because of writing errors?
Damage credibility
Extra time for reader to understand
Draw improper conclusions
p. 66
48
Emails
p. 72-73
49
What does BCC stand for?
blind carbon copy
| p. 78
50
What is the difference between full-block, modified-block, and simplified letter formats? When should the simplified letter format be used?
When you want to be gender neutral or write to a group.
| p. 78
51
Resumes and cover letters
p. 83
52
The ___ resume format emphasizes a person's skills and competencies and de-emphasizes their career path.
Functional
| p. 86
53
Sticking value refers to
how well informations stays in the mind of the interviewer
| p. 88
54
It is illegal to ask about someone's
age, race, gender, marital status, religious beliefs, etc.
| p. 89
55
Maintaining good eye contact, smiling and noding your head, and saying "uh-huh" are examples of
reflective listening
| p. 91
56
In what sequence should your job history be arranged?
reverse chronological
| p. 94
57
What is an RFP?
request for proposal
| p. 96
58
What is the difference between causes and symptoms?
Cause is the origin
Symptom is the result
p. 100
59
The approach where each person writes one or more ideas on a small card is called
NGT- nominal group technique
| p. 104
60
Divergent thinking
p. 104
61
Convergent thinking is
moving toward one point and unifying the group thinking
| p. 104
62
Decision table
p. 105
63
Lewin's force-field analysis helps identity the forces working
for and against your implementation plans
| p. 106
64
The idea behind brainstorming is that ___ will yield ___
quantity
quality
p. 107
65
Primary research vs. secondary research
p. 117
66
EBSCO and EDGAR
p. 117
67
.gov considered ___ reliable
most
| p. 118
68
.com considered ___ reliable
least
| p. 118
69
Scholarly journals considered __ reliable
most
| p. 117
70
What are Boolean operators?
and
or
not
p. 118
71
How do you truncate a word?
word*
| p. 118
72
Plagiarism occurs in 3 ways
Copy text w/o credit
Paraphrase w/o credit
Blend ideas w/o credit
p. 119
73
APA stands for
American Psychological Association
| p. 120
74
MLA stands for
Modern Language Association
| p. 120
75
Chicago style is different because
it uses footnotes or endnotes
| p. 121
76
The first standard of research is
validity
| p 121
77
The second standard of research is
reliability
| p. 122
78
The 7 different question formats are
```
closed
either/or
restricted multiple choice
unrestricted multiple choice
ranking
rating
open
p. 123
```
79
The 3 types of random sampling are
random
stratified random
systematic random
p. 124
80
Which is better for obtaining info about financial reports, EBSCO or EDGAR?
EDGAR
| p. 124
81
Factor by alternative sequence
p. 140
82
Arrange the weighting factors and the alternatives in a ____ sequence for easier reading
high to low
| p. 140
83
List 3 categories of business reports
Periodic reports
progressive reports
problem-solving reports
p. 141
84
What are the 3 basic phrases involved in the report writing process?
Data gathering
composition
revision
p. 141
85
Executive summary
p. 141
86
Words in ___ case are easier to read than words in all ___ case
lower
upper
p. 170
87
Warm colors visually
advance
| p. 171
88
If you want a color or colored object to be noticed, place it beside its ____ color
complementary
| p. 171
89
Monochromatic is the simplest color harmony and consists of using different values of
the same color
| p. 171
90
Analogous consists of two colors that are
adjacent on the color wheel
| p.171
91
Triad refers to colors that lie at
the points of a triangle
| p. 171
92
Complementary brings together the colors
directly across from each other on the color wheel.
| p. 171
93
The more a pure color is mixed toward gray, the more that color is said to be a
neutral color, and the more it harmonizes with other colors
| p. 171
94
Symmetrical balance looks more ___ but less ___
formal
interesting
p. 172
95
Contrast is the key to
attracting attention
| p. 172
96
A storyboard is
a rough blueprint of what the finished product will look like
p. 174
97
As a general rule, limit the number of typefaces to
two
| p. 176
98
What is the more is less, less is more principle?
Adding more color to more items reduces the amount of emphasis each colored item gets
p. 177
99
handouts
p. 178
100
what are the primary colors?
cyan magenta yellow
| p. 179
101
a shade is adding
black
| p. 179
102
a tint is adding
white
| p. 179
103
It is better to have a ___ layout with ___ rows
wider
fewer
p. 182
104
Opening / hook ideas
p. 187
105
The 4 methods of delivery are:
```
Memorized
Manuscript
Extemporaneous
Impromptu
p. 188
```
106
A rich tone from the ___ rather than the ___ is preferred
throat
nasal
p. 188
107
Increase volume for
emphasis
| p. 188
108
Slow down for
articulation
| p.188
109
Pronunciation is
pronounce words properly
| p. 189
110
Enunciation is
how distinctly you say the vowels in each word
| p. 189
111
How to do Q&A
p. 190-191
112
What tactic can you take when persuading the audience to choose one option over others?
Compare & contrast
| p. 194
113
Grammar section
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