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Cultural Anthropology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

(108 cards)

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1
Q

restudies

A

what Louis and Freeman did

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2
Q

ability of an anthropologists to consistently repeat results

A

anthropological reliability

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3
Q

primary landscape transformation

A

changes caused by human activity in which species turnover is nearly complete; occurs many years after humans change the land and the land reaches new equilibrium of flora and fauna

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4
Q

offers loans to developing countries

A

World Bank

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5
Q

cooperatives

A

small nonprofit corporations and associations with legal recognition for the purpose of defending native’s rights to land, language, and indigenous culture

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6
Q

multisited

A

ethnography occurring in multiple sites around the world; such as the Nuer in Sudan and America

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7
Q

family formed by neolocal residence

A

nuclear family (residence pattern)

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8
Q

anthropological validity

A

anthropologists were physically present in culture

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9
Q

diaspora

A

outward spread of a culture via migration

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10
Q

ethnotourism

A

tourists visit natives in their own villages or communities

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11
Q

involves the comparison of a past society to a modern one known ethnographically

A

ethnographic analogy

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12
Q

causes of collapse

A

becoming too top heavy (too many in upper class), overtaxation of peasant class

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13
Q

anthropological reliability

A

ability of an anthropologists to consistently repeat results

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14
Q

Millenarian movement

A

synonym for revitalization movement

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15
Q

changes caused by human activity in which species turnover is nearly complete; occurs many years after humans change the land and the land reaches new equilibrium of flora and fauna

A

primary landscape transformation

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16
Q

Smith’s S

A

salience

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17
Q

do no harm

A

1 ethical rule binding anthropologists

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18
Q

21st center reality of a modern world system

A

Globalization

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19
Q

familiarity with multiple cultures and languages

A

cosmopolitanism

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20
Q

period that occurred after the Classic Period (AD 750-1000) in which sociopolitical complexity collapsed

A

Terminal Classic

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21
Q

kindred

A

ego focused descent group

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22
Q

Terminal Classic

A

period that occurred after the Classic Period (AD 750-1000) in which sociopolitical complexity collapsed

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23
Q

chattel slavery

A

slavery associated with colonialism

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24
Q

indigeneity

A

sense of belonging to some specific place and being someone who is native or aboriginal, a descendant of the first people to live in the place considered to be a homeland

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25
hypogamy
marriage below one's class
26
conical clan
group formed by ambilineal descent/ ancestor focused kinship group
27
subculture
A culture that is shared by a smaller group of people who are also part of a larger culture.
28
epistemological relativism
aka nihilism; belief that nothing is true, or everything anyone says is equally as true as anything anyone else says
29
main method of cultural anthropology
participant observation
30
participant development and activist anthropology
synonyms for participant intervention
31
languages that have a low chance of becoming extinct due to the fact that so many people speak them. Tend to be European languages from colonial era
prestige languages
32
synonyms for participant intervention
participant development and activist anthropology
33
leopard skin chief
Nuer shaman/ mitigator
34
advantage of globalization
illegality becomes harder to hide due to massive global communication
35
A culture that is shared by a smaller group of people who are also part of a larger culture.
subculture
36
hybridity
cultural mixing that derives from the instantaneous communication and worldwide networks of transportation associated with globalization
37
agricultural regression
abandoning the use of agriculture and other technologies such as fire, which is essential to cook and process agricultural foods
38
small nonprofit corporations and associations with legal recognition for the purpose of defending native's rights to land, language, and indigenous culture
cooperatives
39
island where Bugis lived
Sulawesi
40
revisionism
ethnographers going to sites where other ethnographers have worked and finding flaws in their data
41
illegality becomes harder to hide due to massive global communication
advantage of globalization
42
synonym for revitalization movement
Millenarian movement
43
participant observation
main method of cultural anthropology
44
period from AD 300-750 where agricultural intensification occurred
Classic Period
45
marrying within group
endogamy
46
World Bank
offers loans to developing countries
47
becoming too top heavy (too many in upper class), overtaxation of peasant class
causes of collapse
48
nuclear family (residence pattern)
family formed by neolocal residence
49
slavery associated with colonialism
chattel slavery
50
IMF, regulates global exchange rates
International Monetary Fund
51
HTS; seeks to embed anthropologists into combat units so that their expertise may be used on the ground to determine the difference between friend or foe
Human Terrain System
52
outward spread of a culture via migration
diaspora
53
endogamy
marrying within group
54
islands where the Tiwi live
Bathurst and Melville
55
marriage above one's class
hypergamy
56
payment from the family of the husband to the family of the bride
bride wealth
57
overnutrition
phenomenon related to global obesity epidemic
58
Zipf's Law
most commonly used words tend to be one morpheme long
59
International Monetary Fund
IMF, regulates global exchange rates
60
exclusion hypothesis
notion that high-energy, carbohydrate rich foods are too scarce in tropical forest environments to permit foragers to survive by foraging alone; full-time foraging is excluded or impossible due to limitations on production of food energy in pristine rain forests
61
aka nihilism; belief that nothing is true, or everything anyone says is equally as true as anything anyone else says
epistemological relativism
62
#1 ethical rule binding anthropologists
do no harm
63
abandoning the use of agriculture and other technologies such as fire, which is essential to cook and process agricultural foods
agricultural regression
64
salience
Smith's S
65
modern world system
European core extracted raw materials from the periphery
66
Globalization
21st center reality of a modern world system
67
applied anthropology
anthropology "put to use"; sometimes called the fifth field of anthropology
68
what Louis and Freeman did
restudies
69
participant intervention
improving the lives of people through an applied anthropological methodology
70
anthropology "put to use"; sometimes called the fifth field of anthropology
applied anthropology
71
human population exceeded the carrying capacity of its habitat
overshoot
72
Sulawesi
island where Bugis lived
73
Bathurst and Melville
islands where the Tiwi live
74
form of applied anthropology in which rich nations help poor nations develop commercially
development anthropology
75
phenomenon related to global obesity epidemic
overnutrition
76
bride wealth
payment from the family of the husband to the family of the bride
77
tourists visit natives in their own villages or communities
ethnotourism
78
hypergamy
marriage above one's class
79
salience
means of breaking ties in a free list
80
marriage below one's class
hypogamy
81
European core extracted raw materials from the periphery
modern world system
82
American Anthropological Association
AAA; main professional organization of anthropology in the United States
83
prestige languages
languages that have a low chance of becoming extinct due to the fact that so many people speak them. Tend to be European languages from colonial era
84
Classic Period
period from AD 300-750 where agricultural intensification occurred
85
cosmopolitanism
familiarity with multiple cultures and languages
86
notion that high-energy, carbohydrate rich foods are too scarce in tropical forest environments to permit foragers to survive by foraging alone; full-time foraging is excluded or impossible due to limitations on production of food energy in pristine rain forests
exclusion hypothesis
87
development anthropology
form of applied anthropology in which rich nations help poor nations develop commercially
88
most commonly used words tend to be one morpheme long
Zipf's Law
89
segmentary lineage
nuer social organization in south sudan;
90
ethnographers going to sites where other ethnographers have worked and finding flaws in their data
revisionism
91
anthropologists were physically present in culture
anthropological validity
92
ego focused descent group
kindred
93
mandarins
bureaucrats of the ruling class in China
94
means of breaking ties in a free list
salience
95
Nuer shaman/ mitigator
leopard skin chief
96
ethnography occurring in multiple sites around the world; such as the Nuer in Sudan and America
multisited
97
overshoot
human population exceeded the carrying capacity of its habitat
98
sense of belonging to some specific place and being someone who is native or aboriginal, a descendant of the first people to live in the place considered to be a homeland
indigeneity
99
bureaucrats of the ruling class in China
mandarins
100
cultural mixing that derives from the instantaneous communication and worldwide networks of transportation associated with globalization
hybridity
101
paleoanthropology
study of fossil hominins
102
nuer social organization in south sudan;
segmentary lineage
103
ethnographic analogy
involves the comparison of a past society to a modern one known ethnographically
104
Human Terrain System
HTS; seeks to embed anthropologists into combat units so that their expertise may be used on the ground to determine the difference between friend or foe
105
AAA; main professional organization of anthropology in the United States
American Anthropological Association
106
improving the lives of people through an applied anthropological methodology
participant intervention
107
group formed by ambilineal descent/ ancestor focused kinship group
conical clan
108
study of fossil hominins
paleoanthropology

Cultural Anthropology (4 decks)

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