final exam

Question 1

subspecies are populations of species that occur in different areas and differ slightly from each other

Answer 1

true

Question 2

biodiversity decreases the stability and resilience of community and ecosystems

Answer 2

false

Question 3

conservation biologists use particular species as tools to conserve community and ecosystem

Answer 3

true

Question 4

human society can function without biodiversity benefits

Answer 4

false

Question 5

biodiversity hotspots are areas that support a high number of species

Answer 5

true

Question 6

sum total of all organisms in an area

Answer 6

biodiversity

Question 7

the number of variety of species in the world or in a particular region

Answer 7

species diversity

Question 8

the difference in DNA

Answer 8

genetic diversity

Question 9

the number and variety of ecosystems

Answer 9

ecosystem diversity

Question 10

genetically similar parents mate and produce defective offspring

Answer 10

inbreeding depression

Question 11

biodiversity __________

Answer 11

increased towards the equator

Question 12

the most important reason for decreased biodiversity

Answer 12

habitat destruction

Question 13

the dodo bird is ________

Answer 13

extinct

Question 14

hotspots are regions of high

Answer 14

endemism

Question 15

endemic species are

Answer 15

species localized in specific areas

Question 16

species richness means

Answer 16

a number of species per unit area

Question 17

conservation biology is concerned with

Answer 17

factors that influence the loss protection and restoration of biodiversity

Question 18

what ethical principle is supported by conservation biology

Answer 18

all of the above

Question 19

biophillia is

Answer 19

connection that human subconsciously seek with life

Question 20

extent to which numbers of individual of different species are equal or skewed

Answer 20

evenness or relative abundance

Question 21

scientists who classify species

Answer 21

taxonomists

Question 22

related species are grouped

Answer 22

together

Question 23

groups of genera

Answer 23

families

Question 24

every species has a two part scientific name

Answer 24

genus and species

Question 25

species richness increases toward the equator

Answer 25

latitudinal gradient

Question 26

areas where habitats intermix often have higher diversity

Answer 26

ecotones

Question 27

extinction of a keystone species may cause other species to

Answer 27

decline or disappear

Question 28

biodiversity increases the ___ and ______ of communities and ecosystems

Answer 28

stability and resilience

Question 29

people visit natural areas creating economic opportunity for residents living near those areas ( costa rica: rainforests) australia: (great barrier reef)

Answer 29

ecotourism

Question 30

what are threats to biodiversity

Answer 30

habitat loss overharvesting invasive species climate change

Question 31

emissions of _______ gases warm temperatures

Answer 31

greenhouse

Question 32

a rapid extinction of a large number of lineages scattered throughout the tree of life. occurs when at least 60% of the species present are wiped out within 1 million years

Answer 32

mass extinction

Question 33

the lower average rate of extinction representing the relatively constant normal loss of some species ; normally occurs when the normal environment changes, emerging diseases, or competition reduces certain populations to zero

Answer 33

background extinction

Question 34

in the past 440 million years mass extinctions have eliminated at least _________% of all species

Answer 34

50%

Question 35

an updated list of species facing high risks of extinctions

Answer 35

the red list

Question 36

since 1970, ____fish species, ____ bird species, and ____ mammal have gone extinct

Answer 36

58, 9, 1

Question 37

in the US in the last 500 years how many animal and plant species have been confirmed extinct?

Answer 37

236-animal | 17- plant

Question 38

how small a population can become before it runs into problems

Answer 38

minimum viable population

Question 39

explains how species come to be distributed among oceanic islands

Answer 39

equilibrium theory of island biogeography

Question 40

large islands contain more species then small islands

Answer 40

area effect

Question 41

forbids the government and private citizen from taking actions that destroy endangered species or their habitats

Answer 41

endangered species act (1973) ESA

Question 42

as of 2008, the US had _______ species listed as endangered

Answer 42

1046

Question 43

how many species are listed as threatened

Answer 43

307

Question 44

canada's endangered species law; stresses cooperation between landowners and provincial governments; criticized as being too weak

Answer 44

species at risk act (2002)

Question 45

large and charismatic species used as spearheads for biodiversity conservation

Answer 45

flagship species

Question 46

protects endangered species by banning international transport of their body parts

Answer 46

UN convention on international trade in endangered species of wild f

Question 47

- ensure the fair distribution of biodiversity benefits - by 2008, 188 nations had signed on - US did not join

Answer 47

convention on biological diversity

Question 48

species found nowhere else in the world

Answer 48

endemic species

Question 49

individuals are bred and raised with the intent of reintroducing them into the wild ex : zoos and botanical gardens

Answer 49

captive breeding

Question 50

a technique to create more individuals and save species from extinction

Answer 50

cloning