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Biology 102 > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

1
Q

subspecies are populations of species that occur in different areas and differ slightly from each other

A

true

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2
Q

biodiversity decreases the stability and resilience of community and ecosystems

A

false

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3
Q

conservation biologists use particular species as tools to conserve community and ecosystem

A

true

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4
Q

human society can function without biodiversity benefits

A

false

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5
Q

biodiversity hotspots are areas that support a high number of species

A

true

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6
Q

sum total of all organisms in an area

A

biodiversity

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7
Q

the number of variety of species in the world or in a particular region

A

species diversity

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8
Q

the difference in DNA

A

genetic diversity

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9
Q

the number and variety of ecosystems

A

ecosystem diversity

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10
Q

genetically similar parents mate and produce defective offspring

A

inbreeding depression

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11
Q

biodiversity __________

A

increased towards the equator

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12
Q

the most important reason for decreased biodiversity

A

habitat destruction

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13
Q

the dodo bird is ________

A

extinct

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14
Q

hotspots are regions of high

A

endemism

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15
Q

endemic species are

A

species localized in specific areas

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16
Q

species richness means

A

a number of species per unit area

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17
Q

conservation biology is concerned with

A

factors that influence the loss protection and restoration of biodiversity

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18
Q

what ethical principle is supported by conservation biology

A

all of the above

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19
Q

biophillia is

A

connection that human subconsciously seek with life

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20
Q

extent to which numbers of individual of different species are equal or skewed

A

evenness or relative abundance

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21
Q

scientists who classify species

A

taxonomists

22
Q

related species are grouped

A

together

23
Q

groups of genera

A

families

24
Q

every species has a two part scientific name

A

genus and species

25
Q

species richness increases toward the equator

A

latitudinal gradient

26
Q

areas where habitats intermix often have higher diversity

A

ecotones

27
Q

extinction of a keystone species may cause other species to

A

decline or disappear

28
Q

biodiversity increases the ___ and ______ of communities and ecosystems

A

stability and resilience

29
Q

people visit natural areas creating economic opportunity for residents living near those areas ( costa rica: rainforests) australia: (great barrier reef)

A

ecotourism

30
Q

what are threats to biodiversity

A

habitat loss
overharvesting
invasive species
climate change

31
Q

emissions of _______ gases warm temperatures

A

greenhouse

32
Q

a rapid extinction of a large number of lineages scattered throughout the tree of life. occurs when at least 60% of the species present are wiped out within 1 million years

A

mass extinction

33
Q

the lower average rate of extinction representing the relatively constant normal loss of some species ; normally occurs when the normal environment changes, emerging diseases, or competition reduces certain populations to zero

A

background extinction

34
Q

in the past 440 million years mass extinctions have eliminated at least _________% of all species

A

50%

35
Q

an updated list of species facing high risks of extinctions

A

the red list

36
Q

since 1970, ____fish species, ____ bird species, and ____ mammal have gone extinct

A

58, 9, 1

37
Q

in the US in the last 500 years how many animal and plant species have been confirmed extinct?

A

236-animal

17- plant

38
Q

how small a population can become before it runs into problems

A

minimum viable population

39
Q

explains how species come to be distributed among oceanic islands

A

equilibrium theory of island biogeography

40
Q

large islands contain more species then small islands

A

area effect

41
Q

forbids the government and private citizen from taking actions that destroy endangered species or their habitats

A

endangered species act (1973) ESA

42
Q

as of 2008, the US had _______ species listed as endangered

A

1046

43
Q

how many species are listed as threatened

A

307

44
Q

canada’s endangered species law; stresses cooperation between landowners and provincial governments; criticized as being too weak

A

species at risk act (2002)

45
Q

large and charismatic species used as spearheads for biodiversity conservation

A

flagship species

46
Q

protects endangered species by banning international transport of their body parts

A

UN convention on international trade in endangered species of wild f

47
Q
  • ensure the fair distribution of biodiversity benefits
  • by 2008, 188 nations had signed on
  • US did not join
A

convention on biological diversity

48
Q

species found nowhere else in the world

A

endemic species

49
Q

individuals are bred and raised with the intent of reintroducing them into the wild

ex : zoos and botanical gardens

A

captive breeding

50
Q

a technique to create more individuals and save species from extinction

A

cloning

Biology 102 (3 decks)

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