Final Exam Flashcards by Jordan Haga

What would you use to detach &amp; amp; dissociate cells for subculture?
A. Tyrosine
B. Renin
C. Trypsin
D. Pepsin

C. Trypsin

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Which on of the following is not a common method of virus inoculation in embryonated eggs?
A. Yolk Sac Inoculation
B. Chorioallantoic Membrane Inoculation
C. Amniotic Cavity Inoculation
D. Air Sac Inoculation

D. Air Sac Inoculation

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Which of the following is not a physical assay for quantification of viruses?
A. EM
B. ELISA
C. Pock Assay
D. qPCR

C. Pock Assay

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A PFU/mL of 300 means:
A. 300 viruses are present in 1mL of sample to cause one plaque in monolayer cell culture
B. One virus is present per mL of sample to form 300 plaques in monolayer cell culture
C. The minimum # of viruses present per mL of the sample to form 300 plaques in monolayer cell culture

C. The minimum # of viruses present per mL of the sample to form 300 plaques in monolayer cell culture

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Which one of the following is NOT a component of a virus?
A. Nucleic acid
B. Capsid
C. Envelope
D. Capsule

D. Capsule

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The viral matrix protein is located between the viral nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) and the capsid. T/F?

False - it’s between the capsid and the envelope

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Which one of the following is not a mechanism of genetic diversity of viruses?
A. Reassortment
B. Point Mutations 
C. Recombination
D. Conjugation

D. Conjugation

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Nonstructural proteins are seen in extracellular virions. T/F?

False - have to be intracellular virions

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An incomplete virion is composed of \_\_\_.
A. Only nucleic acid (DNA/RNA)
B. Only lipid envelope
C. Only capsid
D. Lipid envelope &amp; nucleic acid, no capsid

C. Only capsid

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Viruses can enter the Host cell using any receptor present on the surface of the Host cell. T/F?

False

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Which one of the following methods cannot be used by viruses for penetrating into host cell?
A. Receptor-mediated endocytosis
B. Membrane fusion
C. Pore-mediated penetration
D. Exocytosis

D. Exocytosis

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The Poly-A tail is added to the 3’-end of viral mRNA. T/F?

False - 5’-end

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Viruses can acquire the lipid envelope only from the cell membrane of infected Host cells. T/F?

False

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Mosquito bites can transmit some viruses directly into the blood. This is called Active Viremia. T/F?

False - Passive Viremia

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Viruses enter the CNS from blood by \_\_\_.
A. Monocyte trafficking 
B. Breaking the cementing at endothelial junctions 
C. Increase permeability of endothelium
D. All of the Above

D. All of the Above

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A family of viruses may prefer a particular organ for effective replication. The term used to describe is \_\_\_.
A. Affinity
B. Pathogenicity
C. Tropism
D. Virulence

C. Tropism

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Which on of the following is NOT usually a feature of persistent viral infection?
A. Virus may remain dormant in host cell
B. Reactivation (clinical disease) occurs during stress
C. Intermittent shedding of virus for long periods
D. Rapid clearance from host immune response

D. Rapid clearance from host immune response

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In Tissue Culture, visible morphological changes/damages to mononuclear cells resulting from virus infection is also known as \_\_\_.
A. Teratogenic effect
B. Cytopathic effect
C. Lethal effect
D. Somatopathic effect

B. Cytopathic effect

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Apoptosis is a “sort of” Host defense mechanism against viral infection. T/F?

Study These Flashcards

True

Which one of the following is a Tumor Suppressor gene/protein?
A. CDK
B. E2F
C. Rb
D. None of the Above

Study These Flashcards

C. Rb; and also p53

Replication of oncogenic DNA viruses in a permissive Host cell usually causes Host-cell transformation and cancer. T/F?

Study These Flashcards

False - will cause cancer in a non-permissive cell

Interferons are virus specific, i.e. for each virus there will be a specific interferon. T/F?

Study These Flashcards

False

Adaptive immunity is virus specific. T/F?

Study These Flashcards

True

Rapid changes in the structure of viral antigen of a virus over time due to mutations is also known as Antigenic Multiplicity. T/F?

Study These Flashcards

False - Antigen Plasticity

``` Rabies has never been reported before in St. Kitts. Suddenly, a few cases of canine rabies are reported from St. Kitts, especially among dogs that accompanied incoming RUSVM students from USA. In this context, rabies would be ___ disease in St. Kitts? A. Enzootice B. Panzootic C. Exotic D. Epizootic ```

C. Exotic

Hospital acquired viral infection is also known as nosocomial transmission. T/F?

True

Enteric viruses have been shown to be more stable in environment than respiratory viruses. T/F?

True

What would be a good time frame to collect samples for virus isolation? A. Within 3 days of appearance of clinical signs B. Within 7 days of appearance of clinical signs C. Within 14 days of appearance of clinical signs D. Within a month of appearance of clinical signs

A. Within 3 days of appearance of clinical signs

A Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) yeilds 3-D images. T/F?

False - SEM

``` Vacutainer tubes used to collect blood sample to obtain serum for diagnostic purposes usually have ___ colored caps? A. Lavendar B. Blue C. Red D. Orange ```

C. Red

POCs in viral diagnostics is the abbreviation for ___..

Point-of-Care assays

The study of virus evolution using genome sequence data is known as ___.

Phylogenetics

Acyclovir is a pro-drug. T/F?

True

ZDV-triphosphate competes with dGTP for Reverse Transcriptase. T/F?

???

Vaccines produced by Serial Passage of viruses in Heterologous Hosts is a ___ vaccine. A. Live-attenuated B. Killed C. Subunit

A. Live-attenuated

Quarantine & isolation have the same meaning. T/F?

False

Autoclaving is primarily considered as a method of ___. A. Disinfection B. Sterilization C. Antispsis

B. Sterilization

Diploid cell lines can be used for vaccine production. T/F?

True

Quantitative PCR/Real-Time PCR is one type of physical virus quantification tests. T/F?

True

``` The GIT has several defense mechanisms to combat viral infection. Which one of the following defense mechanisms is not found in the GIT? A. Defensins B. IgA antibodies C. Macrophages D. Mucociliary Blanket ```

D. Mucociliary Blanket

Rhinoviruses are viruses of the respiratory tract and cause common cold. Rhinoviruses primarily infect the nasopharynx, and not the alveoli. This is because the nasal passages maintain a higher temperature compared to the alveoli. T/F?

False

``` Which one of the following viruses has one of the simplest icosahedral capsid with triangulation number of only T=1? A. Poxvirus B. Parvovirus C. Papillomavirus D. Herpesvirus ```

B. Parvovirus

``` Which one of the following proteins of enveloped viruses regulates the internal environment of virus by controlling the influx (entry) and efflux (exit) of ions? A. Fusion protein B. Hemagglutinin C. Matrix protein D. Channel protein ```

D. Channel protein

``` Most viruses exhibit helical or icosahedral symmetry. However, some viruses have complex symmetry because of their morphology and structural composition. Which one of the following viruses has a complex symmetry? A. Poxvirus B. Reovirus C. Parvovirus D. Calicivirus ```

A. Poxvirus

Enveloped viruses are more stable in the environment than non-enveloped viruses. T/F?

False - opposite

Final Exam Flashcards

(45 cards)