Final Exam Flashcards
(25 cards)
What defines behavior as “abnormal”
An activity that leads to distress, disability, or increased risk of death
What are the advantages and disadvantages involved in the diagnostic classification of psychology disorders?
Pros
- Helped standardize psychiatric diagnoses
Con
- Labels too many conditions as mental illnesses
- Uncertainty of diagnoses
- Many people fit many diagnoses
What is the DSM-5?
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
What are the symptoms of somatoform disorders?
Physical symptoms with no cause
What are the symptoms of dissociative disorders?
- Psychogenic amnesia
- Fugue
- Dissociate identity disorder
What are the major characteristics of antisocial personality disorder/psychopathic personality?
- Lack of conscience
- Impulsiveness
- Lack of personal relationships
- Sexual promiscuity
- Habitual lying
The development of phobias is best explained in terms of what process?
Classical conditioning
What are the symptoms of schizophrenia?
- Thought disorders (delusions)
- Disordered speech
- Hallucinations
- Emotional withdrawal
What is another name for schizophrenia?
Psychosis
What are the four types of schizophrenia?
- Catatonic (motionless or flailing)
- Paranoid (delusions)
- Disorganized
- Undifferentiated
What are the two main types of mood disorders? What characterizes them?
- Depression (eating, sleeping, decrease/increase energy)
- Bipolar disorder
What has been an effective treatment for bipolar disorder?
Psychiatric medications: lithium - evens mood but can cause physical problems
What does psychotherapy mean?
The treatment of psychological disorders by methods that include a personal relationship between a trained therapist and a client
Describe the general strategy and techniques of psychotherapy
Techniques
- Free association
- Interpretation
Processes
- Resistance: ego fighting back
- Transference: projecting feelings from past on the psychoanalyst
Describe the general strategy and techniques of person centered therapy
Total acceptance with unconditional positive regard
How does behavior therapy differ from other major types of therapy?
Behavior therapists assume that abnormal behavior is learned and can be unlearned
How does systematic desensitization work?
- Establish anxiety hierarchy
- Learn coping mechanism
- Counter conditioning
Why is family systems therapy important in clinical psychology?
In family systems therapy, solving problems means changing the dynamic and the behavior
What is the eclectic approach?
Using a combination of methods and approaches
What is the subject matter of attribution therapy?
Types of causes of behavior
What is attributional bias?
People generally overestimate the internal factors and underestimate external factors
What is the actor/observer effect?
When explaining own behavior, take situational account more often
What are the affective and cognitive components of attitudes?
Affective/emotional: Classical conditioning
Cognitive: modeling
How does the degree of specificity of an an attitude relate to one’s ability to predict behavior from that attitude?
The more specific the better prediction
