Final Exam

Question 1

Disruption

Answer 1

Aim to directly affect the members of the public as a means to interfere w business

Question 2

Protests and Persuasion

Answer 2

Assemblies, processions, banners, formal statements

Question 3

Noncooperation

Answer 3

Economic boycotts, walkouts, strikes

Question 4

Nonviolent intervention

Answer 4

Sit ins, land seizures, civil disobedience

Question 5

Cons of Disruption

Answer 5

Inconvenience, creates disorder, negative responses

Question 6

Disruption and Sympathy

Answer 6

Empathy dampens negativity

Sacrifice turns crackdowns into assets

Question 7

Dilemma Action

Answer 7

Any action that escalates a situation

Question 8

Response to Escalation

Answer 8

Authorities know how to respond on the other side. They’ll be prepared for a movement’s actions at any given moment

Question 9

The Whirlwind

Answer 9

Dramatic public events that set off activity

Rush of decentralized action

Question 10

Characteristics of the Whirlwind

Answer 10

Packed participation
Self-motivated to take action
Less able to rationalize a lack of support (Power broker)

Question 11

Misconceptions of Whirlwinds

Answer 11

Aren’t that rare.
Art to riding a wave.
Agency to whirlwinds

Question 12

Moyer’s Stages of Escalation

Answer 12

Demonstration: A problem exists.
Trigger: Shocking incident that reveals a problem
Feint: Fakes being defeated. Should use this time to

Question 13

Movement Feedback Loop

Answer 13

Disruptive Actions and PJJ to make headlines

Question 14

Whirlwind, PPT, RMT

Answer 14

They debunk PPT and RMT. There are always opportunities, but good movements crack them open.

Question 15

Institutionalization

Answer 15

Whirlwind movements should learn to institutionalize when their activity is low.

Question 16

Failure to Escalate

Answer 16

Fear

Consequences > Benefits

Question 17

Division

Answer 17

Splitting up to achieve separate goals of the same cause

Question 18

Polarization in Division

Answer 18

Not easy to master, and can be whimsical.

Question 19

Act Up and GMHC

Answer 19

Larry Kramer wanted to be more confrontational with the AIDS crisis

Question 20

Pros of Division

Answer 20

Builds the base of the movement by drawing in newcomers
Engages the uninformed
Agitates the extremes (ACT UP)

Question 21

Cons of Division

Answer 21

Typically the unpopular move
Inconveniencing. Can alienate the people it tries to win over.
Can inspire countermovements and spark backlash.

Question 22

Monkeywrenching

Answer 22

Throwing gears into every day behavior to disrupt business directly

Question 23

Diversity of Tactics

Answer 23

Nonviolence is politically expedient. It’s often when movements realize they can’t win.

Question 24

Debates around Monkeywrenching

Answer 24

Expensive, dangerous, at times life threatening (tree spiking)

Question 25

Cons of Violent Tactics

Answer 25

Directly interfere with the nonviolent process. If a NV swaps to V, they're fighting on the opponent's terms. Justifies repression to the larger public. Agent provocateurs are able to infiltrate the movement and provoke violence internally.

Question 26

Violence and Nonviolence Don't Mix

Answer 26

Can endanger activists who are enraged in NV actions. (Escaping a blockade) Group stays small and vulnerable Discourages defectors when taking on cops.

Question 27

Positive Radical Flank

Answer 27

Presence of a radical wing makes demands and strategies seem more reasonable. Radicals then create a crisis that is resolved by moderates.

Question 28

Negative Radical Flank

Answer 28

Radicals discredit an entire movement's activities, making it difficult to extract concessions. "I'm not negotiating with terrorists"

Question 29

Shunning Bad Protesters

Answer 29

Social movements require a diversity of tactics to counter these practices.

Question 30

Prefiguration

Answer 30

Creating the world you want to live in, even if the conditions aren't met yet.

Question 31

Pros of Prefiguration

Answer 31

Creates community Placeholder in lulls Recruitments in mass movements Undo oppressive systems.

Question 32

Cons of Prefiguration

Answer 32

Cultural differences w/ jargon and what not Suspicious and hostile to mainstream orgs Often marginal

Question 33

Climate change

Answer 33

change in climate directly or indirectly attributed to human activity

Question 34

Climate justice

Answer 34

All species have the right to access and obtain resources needed to have an equal chance of survival

Question 35

Corporate Greenwashing

Answer 35

Making an unsubstantiated or misleading claim about the environmental benefits of a product

Question 36

Regenerative Economy

Answer 36

Economy based on ecological restoration, resilience and equity

Question 37

Extractive Economy

Answer 37

Extracting from a finite system faster than it can regenerate