FINAL EXAM Flashcards
(108 cards)
Which of the following are NOT Federal Reserve monetary policy goals? A) moderate long-term interest rates B) price level stability C) maximum employment D) zero percent unemployment.
D
In the short run, the Federal Reserve faces a tradeoff between
A) economic growth and employment.
B) inflation and price stability.
C) inflation and unemployment.
D) real GDP growth and potential GDP growth.
C
Which of the following is a potential monetary policy instrument for the Fed? A) federal funds rate B) government budget deficit C) income tax rates D) profit rates
A
The federal funds rate is the interest rate
A) banks charge each other on overnight loans.
B) on the 3-month Treasury bill.
C) on the 30-year treasury bond.
D) that the Fed charges commercial banks on loans.
A
An increase in the quantity of reserves leads to a
A) fall in the federal funds rate.
B) decrease in the price level.
C) reduction in the velocity of circulation.
D) leftward shift in the demand curve for reserves.
A
If the Fed buys U.S. government securities A) the federal funds rate will fall. B) the federal funds rate will rise. C) bank reserves will decrease. D) the discount rate will rise.
A
If the Fed wanted to stimulate the economy to limit the effects of a recession, then it should \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the federal funds rate in order to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the real interest rate and thereby \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ investment. A) lower; lower; increase B) lower; raise; increase C) raise; raise; decrease D) lower; lower; decrease
A
Federal Reserve monetary policy goals include
A) ensuring banks can meet their profit maximization objectives.
B) discount rate stability.
C) zero percent unemployment in the domestic economy.
D) price level stability.
D
The Federal Reserve monetary policy goals of maximum employment mean
A) a zero percent unemployment rate.
B) a zero percent natural unemployment rate.
C) keeping the unemployment rate close to the natural unemployment rate.
D) that cyclical unemployment should not necessarily be minimized.
C
Which of the following are monetary policy instruments available to the Fed as it tries to achieve its macroeconomic goals?
I. government expenditures on goods and services and taxes
II. the government budget deficit or surplus
III. changes in the federal funds rate
A) I and II
B) III only
C) II and III
D) II only
B
If the Fed wants to raise the federal funds rate, it needs to
A) buy government securities in order to increase the quantity of reserves.
B) sell government securities in order to decrease the quantity of reserves.
C) buy government securities in order to decrease the quantity of reserves.
D) sell government securities in order to increase the quantity of reserves.
B
In order to combat a recession, the Fed will \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the federal funds rate and thereby \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the quantity of money. A) raise; increasing B) lower; increasing C) raise; decreasing D) lower; decreasing
B
Fiscal policy includes
A) only decisions related to government expenditure on goods and services.
B) only decisions related to government expenditure on goods and services and the value of transfer payments.
C) only decisions related to the value of transfer payments and tax revenue.
D) decisions related to government expenditure on goods and services, the value of transfer payments, and tax revenue.
D
Changes in which of the following is included as part of fiscal policy? A) the quantity of money B) the level of interest rates C) monetary policy D) tax rates
D
Taxes and government expenditures that change in response to changes in the level of economic activity, without need for additional government action, are examples of A) discretionary fiscal variables. B) automatic fiscal policy. C) built-in monetary stabilizers. D) cyclically balanced budgets.
B
If the government wants to engage in fiscal policy to increase real GDP, it could
A) increase government expenditure in order to increase supply.
B) decrease government expenditure in order to increase supply.
C) increase government expenditure in order to increase demand.
D) decrease government expenditure in order to decrease demand.
C
Using fiscal policy, to increase real GDP and employment the government could \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ government expenditure on goods and services or \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ taxes. A) increase; increase B) increase; decrease C) decrease; increase D) decrease; decrease
B`
Fiscal policy attempts to achieve all of the following objectives EXCEPT \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A) a stable money supply B) price level stability C) full employment D) sustained economic growth
A
All of the following are tools used to conduct fiscal policy EXCEPT
A) setting tax rates.
B) setting government spending.
C) choosing the size of the government deficit.
D) controlling the money supply.
D
Which of the following events decreases demand for a country’s goods and services, all else equal?
A) an increase in consumption expenditures
B) a decrease in taxes
C) a decrease in government expenditures on goods and services
D) an increase in net exports of goods and services
C
Which of the following does NOT describe a function of money? A) unit of account B) hedge against inflation C) medium of exchange D) store of value
B
Commercial Banks
A) make profit on the difference between the interest rate they pay on deposits and the interest rate they receive on loans.
B) make a profit according to how much the Federal Reserve pays them.
C) make their profit by charging the government for their services.
D) make zero profit but receive compensation by the government because their services are so valuable.
A
Which of the following is NOT one of the Fed’s monetary policy tools?
A) last resort loans
B) the required reserve ratio
C) the income tax rate
D) buying and selling U.S. government securities
C
Which of the following explains why the demand for credit is negatively related to the real interest rate?
A) A lower real interest rate makes more investment projects profitable.
B) Consumers are willing to spend less and hence save more at higher real interest rates.
C) Interest rate flexibility in financial markets assures an equilibrium in which saving equals investment.
D) All of the above are reasons why the demand for loanable funds is negatively related to the real interest rate.
A