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CM 102 > Final Exam Chapter 9-13 > Flashcards

Final Exam Chapter 9-13 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a gantt chart

A

uses bars to show length of each activity
easy for clients to understand and follow since it relates to calander days
doesent show relationships with arrows between activities

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2
Q

what is a network diagram also known as

A

critical path method (CPM)

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3
Q

what is a network diagram

A

shows relationships duration and float

does not provide the visual clarity that gantt charts have

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4
Q

what are some other types of schedules and what type of work are tehy used for

A

matrix = highrises
line of balance = roadways
horse blanket = transit systems

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5
Q

what do you look at to choose the type of schedule

A 
size of company
volume of work
type of construction
project size
project complexity
computer capabilitis
contract requirements
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6
Q

what is a detailed schedule

A

breaks major activities down into smaller tasks so the overallschedule can be analyzed further

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7
Q

what is summary schedules

A

groups activities under broadheadings ie. sitework foundations

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8
Q

what are mini-schedules

A

a portion of the detailed or summary schedule that is broken down into even finer detail

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9
Q

what are short interval schedules aka

A

look ahead schedules

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10
Q

what are short interval schedules

A

crated by supers or foremen to coordinate and manage work over a short period of time typically 3 weeks

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11
Q

what is a special purpose schedule

A

keeps track of activities that support the work ie. delivery, submittal

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12
Q

what do you use to make sure you have all the activities needed to mangae the project

A

work breakdown schedule

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13
Q

what questions do you ask in the sequencing stage

A

what other activities must be completed first
which activites can start when this one ends
which activities can occur simultaneously as this activity

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14
Q

what are the basic rules to follow for determining durations

A

evaluate each activity as an independent operation
consult with subcontractors to get their time estimates
assume a standard crew size for each activity
adjust production rates to fit the job conditions
use a standard 8 hour day

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15
Q

can the critical path change throughout the project

A

yes

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16
Q

what are the two most common types of schedules

A

gantt charts and Network diagrams

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17
Q

what are the 2 techniques to make network diagrams

A

AOA

AON

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18
Q

what does AOA stand for

A

the Activity is On the Arrow and Nodes show relationships

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19
Q

what does AON stand for

A

Activity is On the Node and arrows show relationships

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20
Q

What is AON also known as

A

Precedence Diagramming

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21
Q

what are 3 different types of activities that are included in a typical schedule

A 
Production= physical construction work. install steel in concrete
procurement= obtaining materails and equipment
administrative= inspections, submitals, testing
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22
Q

what is float also known as

A

slack

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23
Q

what are the 3 calculations that you perform to ge thte project float

A

forward pass
backward pass
float calculation

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24
Q

what does the forward pass calculate

A

the early start and finish

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25
what does the backward pass calculate
the late start and finish
26
what are the 3 stages of network diagram development
``` planning= what needs to be done sequencing= in what order scheduleing= how long does each task take ```
27
what are the steps to teh project control cycle
``` develop project plan establish the estimate and schedule monitor the project performance identify performance deviations evaluate corrective options make adjustments as needed document report and evaluate results ```
28
what is essential at the end of every project
a debriefeing and evaluation stage
29
what are some factors that impact project performance
``` weather conditions quality of the work force quality of supervision incorrect sequencing of work change orders overcrowded jobsite defective materail inadequate tools and equipment late deliveries ```
30
what ae the primary tools used to track quality
plans and specs
31
what ae some administrative tests
``` field observations submittals shop drawings mock ups inspections ```
32
what do you use to track project cost
a cost code
33
what is a cost code
a refrence number used to track cost and schedule info on project costs
34
when over run occurs what are steps the super and pm can take
material price escalations increasing the amount of work force identifying quantity errors
35
are change orders cost overruns
no
36
what is crashing the schedule
it means to compress the overall schedule and take steps to accelerate activities in the schedule to get it done early
37
what is Earned Value Analysis
used to determine the estimated value of work completed to date and compare it to actual work completed on the project
38
What is PV and what does it mean
Planned Value budgeted cost of work schedule based on estimate and schedule
39
what is EV and waht does it mean
Earned Value | budgeted cost of work performed
40
what is AC and what does it mean
ACtual cost | actual cost of work performed
41
what are questions to ask in the progress reports
how is the project doing overall what sections of work appear to be vulnerable is overall productivity improving or decling what is the project completion date
42
what are 3 sources of info needed for an effective project control system
estimate schedule field report
43
how do cost codes get the numbers
usually start with the original CSI refrence number associated with the activity and then another number is assigned that represents the type of cost
44
what is an escalation clause
in a contract when there is a suspision that some pricing component of the estimate is an a high state of flux and allows for some flex in the final price
45
what is Earned Value Analysis
used to determine the estimated value of work completed to date on a project and compare that to the actual work completed on the project
46
what happens in total quality managment
``` identify the problem break the work down into smaller steps Identify the weak link determine the remedy apply the remedy measure the results ```
47
what is the difference between quality assurance and Quality control
Quality assurance is at a process level and deals more with people and Quality control is at the project level and deals with procedures and paperwork
48
what are the quality control mechanisms used to check for plan conformance
``` submittals mock ups shop drawings testing standards independent testing and inspections building code inspections supervisory inpections ```
49
what are the quality assurance mechanisms
``` hiring practices training programs saftey subcontracting practices procurement methods employee incentives ```
50
what is a zero punch list
inspect work as it progresses so there is few punch list items at fianl walk through
51
what is safety management offten covered under
quality specifications
52
What does OSHA stand for
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
53
what does OSHA do
establishes safety standards for construction rigourous inspections at the job site potential for fines if not followed
54
what is the number one goal for safety management
mitigate hazards and prevent accidents
55
what are 4 primary components of an effective safety management plan
management commitment jobsite analysis hazard prevention safety and health training
56
what are the 4 primary causes of jobsite accidents
falls struck by materials, equipment, or other objects crushed or trapped electrical shocks
57
what does the colors mean on the 4 corner diamond sign
``` blue= health red= flammability yellow= reactivity white= protective equipment ```
58
what are 3 fundamental objectives of a quality management plan
do things right the first time prevent things from going wrong continually improve the process (TQM)
59
what does TQM stand for
Total Quality Management
60
what does MSDS stand for
Material Safety Data Sheet
61
what is MSDS
an information sheet documenting pertinent chemical info on various products used in construction
62
what does EMR stand for and what is it
Experience Modification Rate | will affect your insurance costs
63
what is a good EMR rate and what is bad
``` good = .4 - .75 Bad = 1.26 - 2.0 ```
64
What does FOR stand for and what does it mean
Field Observation Reports | everyone is encouraged to report any incorrect work
65
whate are 3 steps to risk management
Risk identification=forward looking Risk Quantification=calculate costs and their probability risk mitigation=measures to take
66
what is included in Risk Identification
``` pre-bid Risk Design risk construction risk political/legal/regulatory risk financing risk environmental risks ```
67
what are some considerations to look at Pre-bid risk
``` contract requirements size and location schedule and timeliness budget and payments warranty requirements owner reputation ```
68
what are some of the things that contributte to design risk
poor quality or in adequate bid documents non compliance with design standards excessive design review owner directed changes changes in design standard inaccuracies in soil/environmental report latent design defects(hidden flaw in design or worksmanship) defects affecting warranty
69
what are soem of the things that contribute to construction risk
management of materails, equipment, labor | project to project, focus on risk with the greatest impact
70
what are some of teh things that contribute to political, regulatory (third party risk) risk
``` protests changes in taxes impacts of community harassment issues changes in law ```
71
what are examples of third parties
``` SBE= Small business Enterprise WBE= Womens business Enterprise DVBE= Disabled Veteran Business Enterprise ```
72
what are some of the things that contribute to financing risks
contractors financial position financial strength of subs and suppliers owners finances intrest rates
73
what are some of the things that contribute to Environmental risks
these can shut down the project environmental permits and approvals hazardous materials or site contamination archeological findings endangered species wetlands, flood plains, or coastal protection
74
what is risk quantification
likelihood of occurance at what impact to cost, schedule, quality, relationship, ability what consequences= additional work, delays, defects, over runs, litigation
75
what is Risk Mitigation
anticipated negatives initiate actions implement strategies
76
what are the Risk Mitigation Strategies
Risk Retention= retain reserve funds to off set risk or self perform work Risk Avoidance= dont take job to begin with Risk abatement= provide alternative or reduced risk in frequency or severity Risk transfer= Subcontract, insurance and/or bonds, contract provisions Risk allocation= Sharing risk with other parties, joint venture
77
what is Risk management practices
needs adjusted as project moves forward legal team advice may be needed especially with high dollar value projects or unusual projects basics= actual cost compared with estimated cost, add another crew, tailgate meetings to focus on safety and quality
78
what is risk assesment
every project, every site, every owner is different
79
what is a Construction Managers duty
Evaluate Situation Assess Risks Make Decisions Accept Responsibility for results
80
what is a contingency
an amount of money added to an estimate to cover unknown conditions or risk factors
81
what is joint venture
when 2 or more companies enter an agreement for a one-time, single project commitment and share resources and risk
82
what is Latent design Defect
defects flaws in design details that are not known until after the construction is complete and time has passed, allowing the flaw to show itself
83
what are 2 factors to consider when trying to determine the risk rating for any given risk
at what impact= cost, schedule, quality, safety, relationship what consequences= additional work, delays, defects, overruns, litigation

CM 102 (4 decks)

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