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RUSVM Microanatomy I > Final Exam - Eye Histology > Flashcards

Final Exam - Eye Histology Flashcards

(112 cards)

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1
Q

The eyeball is located in the skull’s bony socket called the ___________.

A

orbit

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2
Q

List the accessory ocular structures, also known as the ADNEXA

A
  1. Palpebrae (eyelids)
  2. Third eyelid and conjuctiva
  3. Lacrimal apparatus

If you’re buying accessories from woman, you have to remember to _P_ay _T_he _L_ady

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3
Q

The eye is composed of:

A

1 lens and 3 tunics (fibrous tunic, vascular tunic, retina)

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4
Q

The fibrous tunic of the eye is composed of:

A
  1. Sclera
  2. Cornea
  3. Limbus

The fibrous layer is that _S_tupid _C_orneal _L_ayer

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5
Q

The vascular tunic of the eye is composed of:

A
  1. Iridocorneal angle
  2. Iris
  3. Ciliary body
  4. Choroid

The vascular tunic _I_s _I_n _C_hris’s _C_ranium

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6
Q

What is the neuro-epithelial tunic composed of?

A

the retina

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7
Q

What are the functions of the sclera?

A
  • protects the eye
  • maintains the shape of the eye
  • provides insertion points for tendons of extraocular muscles
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8
Q

Identify the area of the eye indicated by the box.

A

The cornea

The cornea is the anterior portion of the eye. This is an avascular, transparent convexconcave lens.

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9
Q

The _________ is the anterior portion of the eye. This is an avascular, transparent convexconcave lens

A

The cornea is the anterior portion of the eye. This is an avascular, transparent convexconcave lens

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10
Q

The cornea is comprised of ___ layers? (how many)

Name the layers!

A

The cornea is comprised of 5 layers.

  1. anterior corneal epithelium
  2. anterior limiting lamina/subepithelial basement membrane, supporting the lining epithelium
  3. Substantia propria - stroma of cornea
  4. Posterior limiting lamina/membrane - Descemet’s membrane, supporting the epithelium
  5. Posterior epithelium of cornea - corneal endothelium

5** _A_ssholes _A_re _S_elling _P_arty **Pills in the corn(ea)** **field

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11
Q

Identify ‘1’ in this H&E section of the cornea.

A

anterior corneal epithelium

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12
Q

Identify ‘5’ in this H&E section of the cornea.

A

Posterior epithlieum of the cornea

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13
Q

Identify ‘1’ in this H&E section of a rat cornea.

A

Anterior corneal epithelium

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14
Q

Identify ‘2’ in this H&E section of a rat cornea.

A

Anterior limiting membrane

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15
Q

Identify ‘3’ in this H&E section of a rat cornea.

A

Stroma (substantia propria)

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16
Q

Identify ‘4’ in this H&E section of a rat cornea.

A

Descemet’s membrane

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17
Q

Identify ‘5’ in this H&E section of a rat cornea.

A

Posterior epithelium (corneal endothelium)

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18
Q

__________ is the corneoscleral junction where the opaque sclera overlaps the transparent cornea. This area has small blood vessels.

A

Limbus is the corneoscleral ​junction where the opaque sclera overlaps the transparent cornea. This area has small blood vessels.

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19
Q

Identify the structure indicated by the arrow.

Which tunic is this found in?

A

Limbus, found in the fibrous tunic.

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20
Q

inflammation of structures in the uvea (the vascular tunic of the eye) is known as ___________.

A

Uveitis

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21
Q

In the vascular tunic (uvea), the ________ is located anterior to the lens and separates the anterior and posterior chambers.

A

In the vascular tunic (uvea), the iris is located anterior to the lens and separates the anterior and posterior chambers.

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22
Q

In the vascular tunic (uvea), the ________ suspends the lens, contains smooth muscle for accommodation; has processes covered by secretory epithelium.

A

In the vascular tunic (uvea), the ciliary body suspends the lens, contains smooth muscle for accommodation; has processes covered by secretory epithelium.

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23
Q

In the vascular tunic (uvea), the ________ is the vascular supply to the optical retina. Contains pigment.

A

In the vascular tunic (uvea), the choroid is the vascular supply to the optical retina. Contains pigment.

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24
Q

The _______ is the region where the transparent cornea merges with the vascular sclera

A

The limbus is the region where the transparent cornea merges with the vascular sclera

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25
The ______ is the shutter of the eye
The **_iris_** is the shutter of the eye
26
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ control amount of light to which the retina is exposed.
**_Dilator_** and **_sphincter pupillae muscles_** control amount of light to which the retina is exposed.
27
Pigment or iridial melanin present in the stromal cells determines \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Pigment or iridial melanin present in the stromal cells determines **_eye color_**.
28
The iris forms half of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, also called filtration angle and drainage angle.
The iris forms half of **IRIDOCORNEAL ANGLE**, also called filtration angle and drainage angle.
29
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is an inherited congenital disorder, characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment in the eyes, skin and hair or more rarely in the eyes alone
**_Albinism_** is an inherited congenital disorder, characterized ​by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment in the eyes, skin and hair or more rarely in the eyes alone
30
Identify 'B' in this H&E section of the eye.
iris
31
Identify 'A' in this H&E section of the eye.
ciliary processes
32
Identify 'B' in this H&E section of the eye.
Iris
33
Identify 'C' in this H&E section of the eye.
posterior chamber
34
Identify 'D' in this H&E section of the eye.
anterior chamber
35
Identify 'E' in this H&E section of the eye.
**corneal epithelium**
36
Identify 'F' in this H&E section of the eye.
limbus
37
Identify 'G' in this H&E section of the eye.
fornix
38
The _________ is an anterior expansion of the choroid at the level of the lens with mechanical and secretory functions.
The **_ciliary body_** is an anterior expansion of the choroid at the level of the lens with mechanical and secretory functions.
39
Identify '1' in this H&E section of the eye.
body of lens
40
Identify '3' in this H&E section of the eye.
ciliary processes
41
Identify '1' in the ciliary body.
ciliary processes
42
Identify '2' in the ciliary body.
zonular fibers
43
An increase in intraocular pressure is referred to as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
An increase in intraocular pressure is referred to as **_glaucoma_**.
44
List the drainage pathway of the **Aqueous Humor.**
**_P_**osterior chamber --\> through **_p_**upil --\> **_a_**nterior chamber --\> **_i_**ridocorneal angle --\> **_p_**ast pectinate ligaments --\> **_s_**cleral venous plexus I find it **_humor_**ous that **_P_**eople **_P_**ay **_A_**ssholes **_I_**nstead of **_P_**aying **_S_**trippers
45
The __________ is a thick, highly vascularized layer that in its anterior part is continuous with the stroma of the ciliary body and extends posteriorly around the globe.
The **_choroid_** is a thick, highly vascularized layer that in its anterior part is continuous with the stroma of the ciliary body and extends posteriorly around the globe.
46
The outer/external side of the choroid is connected to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
sclera
47
The inner side of the choroid is attached to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
pigmented epithelium of the retina
48
Choroid is composed of ___ layers? (how many) ## Footnote **List 'em, fool!**
**Five (5)** 1. **_S_**uprachoroid layer 2. **_V_**ascular layer 3. **_T_**apetum lucidum 4. **_C_**horiocapillary layer - 5. **_B_**asal complex (Bruch’s membrane) **_5**_ years ago, _**S**_uperman _**V**_ideo-_**T**_aped _**C**_hris's _**B_**and
49
Which layer of choroid is a light reflecting layer that can be of either cellular or fibrous type. (This layer is absent in swine)
Tapetum lucidum
50
*\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_* is the layer of choroid that separates choroid from retina
Basal complex (Bruch's membrane)
51
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the layer of choroid that is a dense network of capillaries adjacent to pigmented layer of retina.
Choriocapillary layer
52
The ____________ minimizes internal reflections and increases light perception under conditions of poor illumination→ increased acuity of vision.
Tapetum lucidum
53
Identify 'A' in this section of the canine eye.
choroidal vessels
54
Identify 'B' in this section of the canine eye.
choroidal pigment
55
Identify 'C' in this section of the canine eye.
cellular tapetum
56
Identify 'A' in this section of the eye.
choroid
57
Identify 'B' in this section of the eye.
retina
58
Identify 'C' in this section of the eye.
fibrous tapetum
59
Identify 'D' in this section of the eye.
Rods and Cones
60
Identify '1' in this section of the eye.
retina
61
Identify '2' in this section of the eye.
choroid
62
The _________ has 10 layers that function to send visual images to the brain.
Sensory/optical retina
63
The optical retina is held in place by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
vitreous body
64
Identify the layer indicated by the number '8' in this H&E section of the retina.
ganglion cell layer
65
Identify the layer indicated by the number '6' in this H&E section of the retina.
inner nuclear layer
66
Identify the layer indicated by the number '4' in this H&E section of the retina.
cell bodies of rods and cones
67
Identify the layer indicated by the number '2' in this H&E section of the retina.
photoreceptor layer
68
**_General concept of Optical Retina (3 neurons in succession)_** 1. Light passes through layers of retina, stimulates \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 2. Impulse is passed to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, then to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 3. Axons of __________ form a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, which converges at optic disk (papilla) and leave eye as the optic nerve (CN II)
**_General concept of Optical Retina (3 neurons in succession)_** 1. Light passes through layers of retina, stimulates **_photoreceptor cells (rods and cones)_** 2. Impulse is passed to **_bipolar neurons_**, then to **_ganglion cells_** 3. Axons of **_ganglion cells_** form a **_nerve fiber layer_**, which converges at optic disk (papilla) and leave eye as the optic nerve (CN II)
69
The photoreceptor layer has neurons known as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Rods and Cones
70
Which cells are indicated by 'A' in this H&E section of the retina?
ganglion cells
71
Identify the layer indicated by 'B' in this H&E section of the retina.
internal nuclear layer
72
Identify the layer indicated by 'C' in this H&E section of the retina.
external nuclear layer
73
Identify the layer indicated by 'D' in this H&E section of the retina.
Rods and cones
74
What is indicated by 'E' in this H&E section of the retina?
choroid
75
What is indicated by 'F' in this H&E section of the retina?
vessels
76
Rods and cones have outer and inner segments connected through a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Rods and cones have outer and inner segments connected through a **_cilium_**.
77
True or false: Cones are responsible for vision in bright light, and color vision
True
78
True or false: Rods are responsible for vision in dim light.
True
79
True or false: Rods are primarily responsible for color vision
False. Cones are responsible for color vision
80
**Cones **contain flattened membranous disks containing the pigment \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
iodopsin
81
**Rods** contain flattened membranous disks containing the pigment \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
**rhodopsin** - aldehyde of vitamin A (retinaldehyde)
82
The pigment **iodopsin** is found where?
Cones.
83
The pigment **rhodopsin** is found where?
Rods. | (just remember **RODopsin** found in **RODS**)
84
What is the function of the vitreous body?
aids in maintaining shape and retinal apposition
85
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ occupies the space between lens and retina, and takes up about 4/5 of the eyeball.
vitreous body
86
Identify the tissue.
lens.
87
Identify the tissue.
ciliary processes
88
epithelium is only present in the _________ portion of the lens.
epithelium is only present in the **_anterior_** portion of the lens.
89
Anterior lens epithelium reflects onto surface of the lens; cells elongate to form ____________ which comprises the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Anterior lens epithelium reflects onto surface of the lens; cells elongate to form **_lens fibers_** which comprise the **_lens_**.
90
Identify the structure indicated by the arrow in this H&E section of the **lens**.
lens capsule (thicker on anterior lens surface than on the posterior)
91
Identify 'A' in this H&E section of the lens
lens capsule
92
Identify 'B' in this H&E section of the lens
subcapsular epithelium
93
Identify 'C' in this H&E section of the lens
lens fibers
94
Identify 'A' in this H&E section of the lens
lens capsule
95
Identify 'B' in this H&E section of the lens
lens epithelium (simple columnar)
96
Identify 'C' in this H&E section of the lens
differentiating lens fibers
97
Identify 'D' in this H&E section of the lens
mature lens fibers
98
The __________ is the mucous membrane on inner surface of palpebrae (eyelids) extending to the limbus (edge) of the cornea.
The **_conjuctiva_** is the mucous membrane on inner surface of palpebrae (eyelids) extending to the limbus (edge) of the cornea.
99
The conjuctiva is lined by __________ epithelium
The conjunctiva is lined by **_stratified squamous _****_epithelium/stratified columnar_** epithelium
100
Identify 'A' in this H&E section of the conjunctiva.
conjunctiva epithelium
101
Identify the cells indicated by 'B' in this H&E section of the conjunctiva.
goblet cells
102
Identify 'C' in this H&E section of the conjunctiva.
lamina propria
103
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have tubuloalveolar acini composed of secretory cells filled with small granules.
**_Lacrimal glands_** have tubuloalveolar acini composed of secretory cells filled with small granules.
104
Identify this tissue.
lacrimal gland
105
Tear film has __ layers. (how many?) What are they?
**3 layers** **_O_****ily portion** - portion produced by the Meibomian (tarsal) glands. The oily portions is the superficial layer of a tear film **_A_****queous portion** - portion consisting of sero-mucous material produced by the lacrimal glands, and glands of the third eyelid **_M_****ucous portion** - portion produced by goblet cells in the conjunctiva I could eat **_3_** _tiered_ **_O**_reos _**A**_ll _**M_**orning
106
Tears are secreted by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
lacrimal gland | (Lacrima means tear in latin)
107
Regarding the development of the eye, the neuroectoderm of diencephalon forms \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
the **optic cup** that remains connected by the optic stalk
108
What are the two layers of the optic cup?
retina and pigment epithelium
109
tears are secreted by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
lacrimal gland
110
The **posterior limiting lamina **of the cornea is also known as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Descemet's membrane
111
The **substantia propria** of the cornea is also known as the:
stroma
112
Identify 'A' in this H&E section of the cornea. For some reason, Brainscape won't let me add a picture to this card... It also won't let me delete it. That's finals week for ya.
You probably would have gotten it right anyway.

RUSVM Microanatomy I (18 decks)

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