Final Exam [INCOMPLETE] Flashcards
(260 cards)
1
Q
A
Supraoccipital Bone
2
Q
A
Parietal Bone
3
Q
A
Frontal Bone
4
Q
A
Exoccipital Bone
5
Q
A
Nasal bone
6
Q
A
Premaxillary Bone
7
Q
A
Maxillary Bone
8
Q
A
Lacrimal Bone
9
Q
A
Jugal Bone
10
Q
A
Quadratojugal Bone
11
Q
A
Supraoccipital Bone
12
Q
A
Lacrimal Bone
13
Q
A
Parietal Bone
14
Q
A
Premaxillary Bone
15
Q
A
Frontal Bone
16
Q
A
Nasal Bone
17
Q
A
Maxillary Bone
18
Q
A
Jugal Bone
19
Q
A
Quadrate Bone
20
Q
A
Interorbital Septum
21
Q
A
Basioccipital Bone
22
Q
A
Basisphenoid Bone
23
Q
A
Palatine Bone
24
Q
A
Squamosal Bone
25
The Articular Surface for the Mandible is found on the...
Articular Bone
26
4
Pterygoid Bone
27
Urohyale
28
Paraglossum
29
Epihyale
30
Ceratohyale
31
Basihyale
32
What is shown?
The Hyobranchial Apparatus
33
Notarium
34
Unicate Process
35
Synsacrum
36
Pygostyl
37
Sternum
38
Sternal Rostrum
39
Craniolateral Process
40
Lateral Trabecula / Thoracic Process
41
Median Trabecule
42
Carina
43
Intermediate Trabecule / Abdominal Process
44
Clavicle / Furcula
45
Scapula
46
Coracoid Bone
47
Triosseal Canal
48
Humerus
49
Ulna
50
Radius
51
Radial Carpal Bone
52
Ulnar Carpal Bone
53
Carpometacarpus
54
*Ossa Digitorum Manus*
55
Renal Fossa
56
Preacetabular Wing of the Ilium
57
Postacetabular Wing of Ilium
58
Wing of Ischium
59
Ilioischiadic Foramen
60
Ischiopubic Window
61
Obturator Foramen
62
Acetabulum, Acetabular Foramen, Antitrochanter
63
Patella
64
Ossa Digitorum Pedis
65
Tarsometatarus
66
Fibula
67
Tibiotarsus
68
Femur
69
Number of Vertebrae in the Bird
Cervical: 13
Thoracic: 7
Lumbar + Sacral: 14
Coccygeal: 7
70
Pectoralis Muscle
*Downstroke Muscle*
71
Supracoracoideus Muscle
## Footnote
* Upstroke Muscle*
* Passes through the canalis triosseus*
72
Muscle used in the flexion mechanism of the digits when perching
*m. ambiens*
73
Gall Bladder
74
Spleen
75
Cloaca
76
Large Intestine
77
Gizzard / Ventriculus
78
Proventriculus
79
Crop
80
Oesophagus
81
Small Intestine
82
Double Caecum
83
Duodenal Loop / Duodenum
84
Pancreas
85
Liver
86
What are the three functions of the Crop?
Store Food
Moisten food
Sometimes Produce Crop Milk
87
What is the function of the Gizzard / Ventriculus?
Mechanical Digestion
## Footnote
*Contains small stones*
88
Infundibular Cleft
89
*Aditus laryngis*
Laryngeal Inlet
90
Lingual Papillae
91
Pharyngeal Papillae
92
Palatine Ridge / Palatine Papillae
93
Choana
94
Tongues **without** intrinsic muscles are...
**non**-protrudable
## Footnote
*Intrinsic muscles are needed in order for the tongue to protrude*
95
The crop is absent in...
Ducks, Geese, Owls
96
Crops are usually observed in...
Seed eating birds
97
Pigeons posess prolactin-sensitive epithelial cells in their crops which allow...
Production of crop-milk for chicks
98
The Hepatic peritoneal cavities are bound by the...
Posthepatic Septum
99
A
Stomach, Ventral Surface
100
B
Stomach, Opened Ventrally
101
1
Oesophagus
102
2
Proventriculus
## Footnote
*ventriculus glandularis*
103
3
Papillae
104
4
Deep Proventricular Glands
105
5
Lumen of Gizzard
106
6
Caudal Blind Sac
107
7
Cranial Blind Sac
108
8
Pyloric Orifice
109
9
Cranioventral Muscle Mass
110
10
Duodenum
111
Proventriculus and Ventriculus
112
*M. crassus cranioventralis*
containing saccus cranialis
113
*M. crassus caudodorsalis*
containing saccus caudalis
114
Ventriculus
115
Gastric Isthmus
116
Proventriculus
117
Descending Duodenum
118
Name the Yellow area
Cuticle
## Footnote
*cuticula gastris*
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Descending Duodenum
120
Cloaca
121
Colorectum
122
Jejunum
123
Meckel's Diverticulum
## Footnote
*yolk duct remnant*
124
Which ducts enter the Ascending Duodenum?
* Ductus pancreaticus*
* Ductus coledochus*
125
Ileum
126
Urodeum
127
Ductus Deferens
128
Ureter
129
Phallus
130
Vent
131
Coprodeum
132
Coprourodeal Fold
133
Cloacal Bursa
134
Proctodeum
135
Rectum
136
Caudal Mesenteric Artery
137
Caudal Renal Vein
138
Caudal Renal Portal Vein
139
External Iliac Vein
140
Common Iliac Vein
141
Caudal Renal Vein
142
Cranial Renal Vein
143
Cranial Renal Portal Vein
144
Ischiadic Vein
145
Afferent Veins
146
Caudal Mesenteric Vein
147
Interiliac Anastomosis
148
Internal Iliac Vein
149
Median Sacral Artery
150
Descending Aorta
151
Internal Iliac Artery
152
Caudal Renal Artery
153
Ischiadic Foramen
154
Ischiadic Artery
155
Middle Renal Artery
156
External Iliac Artery
157
Efferent Veins
158
Coeliac Artery
159
Cranial Mesenteric Artery
160
Cranial Renal Artery
161
Caudal Vena Cava
162
Renal Portal Valve
163
What is shown?
Proximal Larynx
164
Arythenoid Cartilage
165
Cricoid Cartilage
166
Precricoid Cartilage
167
Trachea Cartilage
## Footnote
*fully circular, unlike most mammals*
168
Abdominal Air Sac
## Footnote
*paired*
169
Caudal Thoracic Air Sac
170
Cranial Thoracic Air Sac
171
Lung
172
Clavicular Air Sac
## Footnote
*L & R sacs are fused*
173
Cervical Air Sac
174
Describe the blood flow furing rest
Blood passes **caudally** through **afferent veins** to the **kidney**
175
Left Brachiocephalic Trunk
176
Right Brachiocephalic Trunk
177
Right Common Carotid Artery
178
Right Cranial Vena Cava
179
Right Atrium
180
Left Subclavian Vein
181
Left Cranial Vena Cava
182
How many cups are found on the right Atrioventricular valve?
1
183
How many cusps are found on the left Atrioventricular valve?
3
184
Where most animals have intercostal arteries, birds have...
Intersegmental Arteries
185
Trachea
186
Syrinx
187
Lung
188
Heart
189
What is shown?
The syrinx
190
Pessulus
191
Interbronchial Ligament
192
Sternotracheal Muscle
193
Which structure is found between the tympanum to the bronchial cartilages?
Lateral Tympaniform Membrane
194
When primary bronchi enter the lung, they are known as...
Mesobronchi
195
Lateral/Medial Tympaniform Membrane
196
Clavicular Air Sac
197
Muscle found along the trachea
Lateral tracheal muscle
198
Which regions of the lung are regarded as 'neopulmo'?
Lateral Dorsal Sector
199
Which regions of the lung are regarded as 'paleopulmo'?
Mediodorsal sector
Medioventral sector
Lateroventral sector
200
What is shown?
Parabronchi
201
With the exeption of the abdominal air sacs, air travels to the air sacs via the...
Secondary Bronchi
202
Which location can fluid be removed and vaccinations be put into a bird?
Infraorbital Sinus
203
Caudal Nasal Concha
204
Rostral Nasal Concha
205
Middle Nasal Concha
206
Middle Renal Division
207
Caudal Renal Division
208
Cranial Renal Division
209
What is the non-protrusible phallus composed of?
Median Phalic Body (Unpaired)
Lateral Phalic Bodies (Paired)
Lymphatic Bodies
210
Gelatinous Body
211
Which nerve is found between the middle and caudal liver sector?
Isciadic Nerve
212
Calamus
213
Proximal Umbilicus
214
Vexillum
215
Rachis
216
Umbilical Barbs
217
Distal Umbilicus
218
The rachis and the calamus form the...
Scapus (Core)
219
Down Feather
220
Give the two types of contour feather
Remiges
Retricies
221
Remiges are...
'Rowing feathers'
222
Retricies are...
'Steering feathers'
## Footnote
*tail feathers*
223
What kind of feather is found on the head of a bird?
Hair Feathers
224
Which bones is the Furcula made of?
2 clavicular bones
225
Canalis triosseus is composed of...
Furcula
Os Coracoideus
Scapula
226
Which muscle passes through the canalis triosseus?
*m. supracoracoideus*
227
A furcula is needed in order to...
Fly
228
Can air sacs pass thorugh bones?
Yes
229
True or false, birds have two rows of carpal bone
True
230
True or false: the tarsometatarsal is made of tarsal and metatarsal
False
231
Sinus infraorbitalis is in contact with...
Concha nasalis caudalis
232
The proximal Larynx is composed of...
Cricoid Cartilage
Precricoid Cartilage
Arythenoid Cartilage (Paired)
233
What is the Pessulus?
Connects the tympanic cartilage
First point of bronchial cartilages in the syrinx
234
Which muscle is used in vocalisation of the birds?
m. sternotrachealis
m. trachealis lateralis
235
Give the muscles of the stomach
m. crassus cranioventralis
m. crassus caudodorsalis
236
How many liver lobes do birds have?
2
237
How many gall bladders do birds have?
1
238
How many pancreatic lobes do birds have?
3
239
The aorta of the bird is located on the...
Right
240
Long-flying feathers are called
Anulles?
241
Ventral Side feathers are called
Down Fearthers
242
If the Caudal Renal Portal Vein is closed, blood travels...
Back into the portal system
243
True or false, the portal system is open when the bird is resting
True
244
Is the portal of the kidney seen in non flying birds and flying birds?
Yes
245
Which nerve is found along with the Optic Chiasma?
n. trachialis
246
Name of the dorsal spinal cord
Corpus gelatinosum
247
Which muscle opens the larynx?
m. dilatatom glottitis
248
Which muscle closes the larynx?
m. constrictor glottis
249
Furcula
250
*Os coracoideum*
251
Scapula
252
What is the function of the supracoracoideus muscle?
Stabilise the wing
253
How many crops do pigeons/doves posess?
2
254
What is fissure of the brain is characteristic in birds?
Fissura Longitudinale
255
What kind of valves can be found in the left atrioventricular opening of the bird's heart?
3 Cusps
| (Tricuspid Valve)
256
Where can you find exactly the *corpus gelatinosum*?
Between the left and right **dorsal funiculi** of the **lumbosacral spine**
257
*divisio renalis media*
258
The renal portal valve is...during rest
Closed
259
Can renal portal circulation be found in non-flying birds?
Yes
260
Central Tendon
