final exam (jeopardy) Flashcards
(30 cards)
The polarity of doubled-stranded DNA arises from
the presence of 5’ phosphate on one end and 3’ hydroxyl on the other
A missense mutation is one in which
the altered codon codes for a different amino acid
Western, Southern, and Northern blots are used to analyze
Proteins, DNA, RNA
Which of the following is involved
in transcription in prokaryotes, but not in eukaryotic transcription?
operators
Which is not a function of the 7- methylguanosine cap?
stimulation of RNA polymerase elongation
What are functions of the 7-methylguanosine cap?
- protection from exonucleases
- promoting mRNA nuclear export
- stimulation of translation
Each chromosome is composed of a single molecule of DNA, and genes are sequences of
__________.
DNA
Amino acids are joined by a condensation reaction to form a polypeptide chain with a ___________ backbone and ___________ side chain
common, variable
Which of the following is NOT a critical cellular role for non-coding RNA’s?
DNA replication
Which of the following ARE a critical cellular role for non-coding RNA’s?
- mRNA splicing
- ribosome function
- regulation of gene expression
What is the difference between a ribonucleotide and a deoxyribonucleotide?
ribonucleotides have a hydroxyl group on the 2’ carbon of their sugar subunit
The primary structure of a protein is
sequence of a chain of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds
The core octamer of the nucleosome is composed of
tetramer of histones H3 and H4, and two dimers of histones H2A and H2B
Heterochromatin is
condensed, transcriptionally silent chromatin
Euchromatin is
decondensed, transcriptionally active chromatin
Phosphodiester bonds are formed between adjacent Okazaki fragments by
DNA ligase I
At the ends of chromosomes in eukaryotes, a problem occurs upon repeated DNA replication of the __________ strand. __________ is responsible for providing a solution to this problem
lagging, telomerase
In mammalian cells double-strand breaks in DNA are primarily repaired by
nonhomologous end-joining
Ribosomes carry out the process of protein synthesis in the ____________ after assembly in the _____________ within a special compartment called the ______________.
cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleolus
Which statement is not true about ribosomes:
peptide bond formation if catalyzed by a ribosomal protein
What statement IS true about ribosomes:
- tRNA binding site are A site, P, site, and E site
- ribosomal subunit are assembled in nucleolus
A long-range regulatory element that marks the border between regions of heterochromatin and euchromatin is called a(n)
insulator
What effect would a mutant lac repressor that cannot bind to lactose/allolactose have on the function of the lac operon (assuming lactose is present, and no glucose is present) with regard to the amount of beta-galactosidase transcribed?
no beta-galactosidase transcribed
Alternative sigma factors
induce specific groups of functionally related genes
