Final Exam New Material Flashcards

Question

Organic (Physical) causes of sexual disorders: Drugs (Alcohol)

Answer 1

- three categories: short-term pharmacological effects, expectancy effects, and long-term chronic alcohol abuse - short term pharm effects: alcohol is a depressant and sexual arousal is suppressed at high levels of alcohol intake - expectancy effects: individuals expect alcohol to loosen them up and make them more social - long-term chronic alcohol abuse: frequently have sexual disorders as a result of atrophied testes (lower T production)

Answer 2

- marijuana associated with orgasmic disorder though some say it increases their sexual desire and pleasure - effect of cannabinoids depends on gender (low doses increase desire, high doses sexual problems arise)

Answer 3

cocaine: increase sexual desire, enhance sensuality, and delay orgasm * chronic use associated with ED, low sexual desire, and orgasmic disorders * injections most negative effects

Answer 4

- increased sexual desire and arousal

Answer 5

- when high, people have tendency to engage in risky sexual behaviors

Answer 6

- morphine, heroin, methadone - strong suppression effects on sexual desire and response - heroin decreases T levels in males

Answer 7

- anti-hypertension drugs: erection problems - antihistamines: reduce vaginal lubrication - psychiatric schizophrenia drugs: delayed/dry orgasms in men - tranquilizers & antidepressants: improve sexual responding but can also have arousal problems and delayed orgasm

Answer 8

- immediate - prior learning - emotional factors - combined cognitive and physiological - relationship factors

Answer 9

- anxiety - cognitive interference - failure to communicate - ineffective stimulation

Answer 10

- thinking about worries/insecurities about the sexual activity while partaking in the sexual activity - judging oneself from outside their body - men more worried about performance, women about appearance

Answer 11

- sexual abuse in childhood | - growing up in a sex-negative family

Answer 12

- ex. disgust

Answer 13

- relationship conflict | - fear of intimacy (with anyone, not specific to partner)

Answer 14

- those with sexual disorders likely to be low on excitation and high on inhibition

Answer 15

- Tiefer - criticism of medicalization of problems, think it should focus more on society - 4 main categories

Answer 16

- Sociocultural, political, or economic factors - partner or relationship - psychological factors - medical factors

Answer 17

- lack of education - perceived inability to meet cultural ideals - conflict between culture of origin norms and dominant cultural norms regarding sexuality - lack of interest b/c of family/work pressures

Answer 18

- fear of partner due to abuse - discrepancy in desire or preference - ignorance/inhibition of sexual communication - loss of sexual interest b/c of conflicts - loss of arousal b/c of partner's health

Answer 19

- past experiences - attachment/rejection - fear of pregnancy, STIs

Answer 20

- medical conditions - STI/STDs - pregnancy - side effects of medication

Answer 21

- Behavioral Therapy - Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy - Couple Therapy - Drug Therapy

Answer 22

- stems from learning theory; behaviorism - if you learned something you can unlearn it - believe the disorder is maintained by immediate causes

Answer 23

- basically behavioral therapy - sensate focused exercises & sex education - treated hetero and homo couples

Answer 24

- masters & johnson - every disorder affects both partners - both partners need to attend - gradual advancement of sexual activity (systematic desensitization) - assignments to do as a couple (ex. touching then sexual touching then insertion...)

Answer 25

- behavioral therapy + cognitive restructuring (changing the way one thinks about something)

Answer 26

- treat relationship problems | - assess the couple's sexual scripts

Answer 27

- more affordable, anonymous - chatrooms and appointments online or over phone - bad because no licensing of online sex therapists (can easily be a poser) - mostly provide positive encouragement and information

Answer 28

- aka Squeeze - used for treating premature ejaculation - partner stimulates man's penis to erection, and then stops, repeats - teaches that one can be aroused without ejaculation

Answer 29

- used to help women with orgasmic disorder

Answer 30

- strengthen pubococcygeus muscles (PC) - enhances blood flow; strengthens arousal - prescribed for both men and women

Answer 31

- reading book by sex therapist

Answer 32

- introduced 1998 - relaxes smooth muscle in corpora cavernose allowing blood flow into penis - PDE5 inhibitor

Answer 33

- like viagra, works for 24 hours instead of a couple hours - argument that sex shouldn't have to be so carefully planned out - no negative effects on sperm production - also inhibits PDE5

Answer 34

- Viagra - Cialis - Levitra - Zydena - all work by bloodflow (PDE5 inhibitors)

Answer 35

- lybrido/lybridos | - flibanserin (Addyi)

Answer 36

- Lybrido/Lybridos used for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) - Lybrido: testosterone + PDE5 inhibitor - Lybridos (used for those on SSRIs): testosterone + buspirone (short-term 5-HT supression) - not yet approved by the FDA

Answer 37

- originally an ineffective antidepressant - developed in Germany for women's sex problems - lowers serotonin, raises dopamine and norep - FDA rejected in 2010, but purchased by Sprout Pharmaceuticals - launched pink viagra campaign - FDA approved in 2015 - not proved to work, not selling well

Answer 38

- T that is sprayed on body

Answer 39

- intracavernosal injection - injected into penis or suppository or cream - vasodilator - from before viagra era

Answer 40

plexiglass tube + rubber band on unerect penis - suck top of tube, keep rubber band on to keep blood flow there - take off when done

Answer 41

- last resort - two tubes replacing corpora cavernosa, pump fluid from reservoir - release fluid when done - also silcone-like rod implantation (less costly, non-inflatable) - 25% dissatisfied after surgery

Answer 42

- infection of the vagina; not sexually transmitted - prevented by thoroughly washing and drying vulva after shower - never go immediately from anal intercourse to vaginal intercourse

Answer 43

- aka yeast infection; moniliasis - usually present in the vagina but when aggravated by change in environment (e.g. pH) can over-flourish - not sexually transmitted, but intercourse may aggravate it - major symptom is thick, white curd-like discharge; extreme itching - treatment OTC - can be transmitted to baby during birth - similar symptoms to bacterial vaginosis

Answer 44

- inflammation of the prostate gland - caused by E. coli, gonorrhea, or chlamydia - treated with antibiotics - frequent urination, fever, chills, pain

Answer 45

- 25%, HPV, chlamydia, and trich most common

Answer 46

- most common bacterial STI - symptoms close to gonorrhea but less painful - males: mild pain when urinating 7-21 days after infection - most cases asymptomatic - if left untreated can lead to PID and infertility - antibiotics: azithromycin, doxycyclin (resistant to penicillin)

Answer 47

- azithromycin, doxycyclin | - resistant to penicillin

Answer 48

- viral - causes genital warts 3-8 months post-contraction; many infections wart-free - high prevalence (43% of US women 14-59 yrs) - high risk and low risk HPV - high risk: strains 16&18, more likely to lead to cervical cancer - low risk: strains 6 & 11, cause genital warts - most infections go away on own within 2 yrs - no test for HPV in males - 70% of cervical cancers caused by types 16 & 18

Answer 49

- Guardisil/Cervarix - 3 shots over 6 months ideally at age 11-12, but approved up to age 26 - approved for boys in 2009 - Guardisil 4 protects against strains 16,18, and two other wart-causing strains - Guardisil 9 (2015) protects against 9 types - additional 5 types account for 15% of cervical cancers

Answer 50

- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) - HSV-1: usually cold sores on mouth (less severe) - HSV-2: usually genital herpes - symptoms: blisters w/in 2-3 wks of infection - no cure - treatment: acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir which shorten outbreaks and reduce reoccurrences - increases risk of HIV infection, transmission to fetus during birth (c-section usually performed)

Answer 51

- two main types in US: HIV-1 and HIV-2 - 1.2 mil diagnosed in US as of 2012, 660,000 have died - worldwide 75 mil infected - risk factors worldwide: heterosexual sex - risk factors in US: homosexual sex

Answer 52

- men who have sex with men | - injection drug use

Answer 53

- heterosexual sex | - injection drug use

Answer 54

- mutation in CCR5 gene creates resistance to HIV - mutation selected for during black plague in Europe, many without mutation died off - European & European Americans much more likely to carry mutated gene than AA

Answer 55

- retrovirus - invades and destroys T-cells (CD4+) - coreceptors CCR5 & CXCR4 allow HIV to enter T-Cells

Answer 56

- bodily fluids (semen, blood, unlikely saliva and unlikely vaginal cervical secretions) - contaminated blood, transfusions - contaminated hydrodermic needles - during childbirth

Answer 57

- the receptive person, semen carries HIV

Answer 58

- initial infection - develop antibodies (2-8 wks) - asymptomatic - T-cell count 1000/uL of blood - can last for years (non-progressors)

Answer 59

- T-cell count >500 | - no symptoms or can have swollen lymph nodes and night sweats, flu-like symptoms

Answer 60

- T-cell count 200-499

Answer 61

- AIDS | - T-cell

Answer 62

- ELISA: blood tet for antibodies - Western Immunoblot for confirmation (ELISA can produce false-positives) - New developments of rapid blood and saliva tests, blood test for VIRUS, home test kits

Answer 63

- no cure - first, tried AZT which inhibits replication of virus - then other anti-virals (DDI, D4T) - next, protease inhibitors - then, darunavir which acts on viruses resistant to protease inhibitors - currently, "cocktail" combination

Answer 64

- highly active anti-retroviral treatment - used for HIV and AIDS treatment - mixture of anti-virals & protease inhibitors - reduces risk of sexual transmission to another (including childbirth)

Answer 65

- using SIV model - HIV is a zoonotic disease - Trial in Thailand with humans, 2009 (Thailand, large "sex playground"; 500,000 women work in prostitution) * 8,000 vaccinated, 8,000 controls * among vaccinated: 51 became infected * among unvaccinated: 74 became infected

Answer 66

- PrEP - prophylaxis means prevention - uninfected person takes ARTs to prevent becoming infected - for use with HIV-disconcordant couples

Answer 67

- Killer T-Cell being looked at b/c of secretion of chemokines - microbicides tenofovir gel

Answer 68

- more likely to receive an STD mtf than ftm | - gonorrhea most common (50-90% in mtf), then herpes, then HIV

Answer 69

- posttraumatic growth

Answer 70

- second most common bacterial STI /yr - oldest sexual disease, problem in wartimes - "the clap"/ "the drip" - more painful than chlamydia - males: infection of urethra, painful urination, puslike discharge 2-5 days post-infection - females: cervical infection most asymptomatic - diagnosis: urine test, can see under microscope - cure: antibiotic ceftriaxone (became resistant to penicillin and cipro) - can also be transmitted to eyes, mouth, throat, anus, rectum - can spread to other repro organs (females, sapingitis, infertility, PID)

Answer 71

- Bacteria Treponema Pallidum - spirochete - Stages: * primary: chancre, disappears * secondary: body rash on palms and feet; hairloss * latent: no symptoms but can still transfer to fetus * late: spread to other organs - treatment: penicillin - very low rates compared to past, but hard to eliminate b/c HIV+ more susceptible to syphilis and vice versa

Answer 72

- may cause miscarriage or severe illness - women most likely to infect fetus when they are in the primary or secondary stages - if syphilis diagnosed and treated before month 4 of preg. fetus will not develop disease

Answer 73

- Hep B sexually transmitted (HBV) - transmission through blood, saliva, semen, vaginal secretions, needle sharing - vaccine available - acute and chronic types - many asymptomatic

Answer 74

- protozoan - nonsexual transmission possible - women: vaginal discharge - men: irritation of the urethra & discharge from penis - cured with metronidazole - can lead to PID if left untreated - increases susceptibility to HIV

Answer 75

- attaches to base of pubic hair (looks like a freckle) - nuisance but not life-threatening - cure OTC lotion or cream: RID, NIX - can be transmitted non-sexually as well as sexually

Answer 76

- transmitted from pregnant woman to fetus causing microcephaly - zika virus transmitted sexually and by mosquitos - transmitted by semen from infected man to sex partner

Answer 77

- sperm are placed in the vagina, fallopian tube, or uterus by means other than sexual intercourse - 4000-5000 babies in US/yr - eith AIH or AID

Answer 78

- artificial insemination by husband

Answer 79

- artificial insemination by donor

Answer 80

- egg is fertilized in genetic mother by sexual intercourse and then developing embryo transferred from uterus to another woman's uterus to carry until term - used when mother is likely to miscarry, requires surrogate

Answer 81

- in vitro fertilization - sperm and egg mixed outside of the body - resulting embryos implanted in mother's uterus - first one done successfully in 1978 - expensive 10-18k - 2010: 56% livebirths in fresh embryos, 35% from frozen embryos

Answer 82

- Gamete intra-fallopian transfer | - sperm and eggs placed in fallopian tube, allowing natural FERTILIZATION and IMPLANTATION

Answer 83

- zygote intra-fallopian tube transfer - create zygote outside of body, transfer to fallopian tube, natural IMPLANTATION - problems with multiple births because transferring multiple zygotes

Answer 84

- octomom - 8 embryos inserted (or maybe 7 and one twinned) - suleman has 6 children already - multiple births high rate of birth defects

Answer 85

- Intra-cytoplasmic Sperm injectino | - newer method of in vitro fertilization: sperm injected into ovum outside body

Answer 86

- pre-implantation genetic analysis (PGD) is most reliable - test embryo (still outside body) for XX or XY, implant embryos only of desired gender - very controversial, banned in Britain and Canada

Answer 87

- can get sperm from anonymous donor or husband can freeze and store his sperm before vasectomy or chemo

Answer 88

- non-invasive prenatal diagnosis - not yet in practive - blood test of mother's blood, separate into fetus and mother - test fetus' blood only for many genes

Answer 89

- system of moral principles, a way of determining right & wrong

Answer 90

- maximize pleasure and avoid pain | - "eat, drink, and be merry"

Answer 91

- self-denial, impulse control

Answer 92

- morality consists of obeying rules and laws

Answer 93

- few absolute, universal rules, what is ethical depends on situation

Answer 94

- asceticism

Answer 95

- situationism

Answer 96

- biblical passages mean what their authors originally intended as the best scholars can determine * not what a 21c reader thinks of it translated into English

Answer 97

- Socrates, Plato, Aristotle great greek philosophers - current society takes from their thoughts that virtue results from wisdom and if one has wisdom they do what is right - people fail to live morally only because of ignorance - believed love lead to immortality so it was a good thing (but talking about platonic love) - approval of pederasty which made good armies - later philosophers taught goal of life to be ataraxia

Answer 98

- sexual relationship between older man and a younger man | - older man is a mentor and model of courage and virtue to the younger man

Answer 99

- tranquil state between pleasure and pain in which the mind is unaffected by emotion - "stoic thinking"

Answer 100

- Sex positive w/in marriage (song of solomon, adam and eve) - overall legalistic (needed to regulate sex when nomads to keep tribe at peace) - most laws later were regulating what they observed in the Canaanites like prostitution - polygyny and concubinage were once necessary for survival of the jewish tribes, but not once they settled so that was outlawed as well - Laws in place because of social consequences and national and religious loyalty

Answer 101

- observed by the israelites in the canaanites - form of nature religion in which the fertility of the soil is encouraged through various forms of ritual magic, including ritual sexual intercourse (often with temple prostitutes)

Answer 102

- stereotyped as sex-negative, but more complex - Jesus said almost nothing about sex, more concerned with other sins like greed, lack of caring for others * was compassionate towards sexual sinners - christian rule of monogamy (other major religions at the time permitted polygyny): restrictive or move towards gender equality? - sources of sex negative attitudes? * St. Paul, St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas

Answer 103

- not as negative as some think, need to look at context | - was a doomsdayer, advised those not to make long-term decisions like procreation, marriage, business

Answer 104

- instituted celibacy for clergy - around time of conversion of roman empire to christianity.. religion became more "relaxed" with its assimilation into greek life, those who opposed this relaxed state became monks and hermits, abstaining from sex and other pleasures - a "call to greater rigor"

Answer 105

- 1250ce - wrote the Suma Theologica - Natural Law: sex intended only for procreation - Unnatural acts- sexual acts that don't result in reproduction, like masturbation, homosexuality, contraception, nocturnal emissions.. all sins - based on science of the time, never updated

Answer 106

- 16th century protestant reform in europe - abandoned clerical celibacy, placed higher value on marriage and family life - sex only within marriage - emphasis on individual conscience in interpretation of bible and ethics - reformation also gave rise to Puritanism * followed Augustine, emphasized original sin, try to regulate human behavior with laws to suppress immorality - probably no more repressive than the other religions at the time

Answer 107

- victorian

Answer 108

- roman catholics, conservative protestants, and orthodox jews: it's wrong - mainline, liberal protestants, and reform jews: more situational * quality of relationship, not legality... exploitation is the issue - none of these groups favor casual sex.. still 'sacred' quality of sex

Answer 109

- a religious or philosophical belief that body and spirit are separate and opposed to each other and that the goal of life is to free the spirit from the bondage of the body - less importance on material things, goal of life is to become entirely spiritual

Answer 110

- a philosophical system that holds that ethical judgements must be made on the basis of human experience and human reason - make one's own decisions but must accept the consequences of those decisions

Answer 111

- Islam closest faith to the Judeo-Christian Heritage - founded by prophet Muhammad - classical islam values sexuality very positively, intercourse within marriage as the highest good - sex outside marriage prohibited, but double standard b/c often practice of men, but women killed for it - very little ascetic tradition - diff islamic societies interpret sexuality different ways - striving for worldly pleasures is acceptable; sexuality is pleasure first, procreation second - contraception encouraged

Answer 112

- four approaches to life acceptable: Kama, Artha,, Dharma, Moksha

Answer 113

- pursuit of pleasure - Kama Sutra is piece of erotic hedonism - highly positive views of sex in hinduism

Answer 114

- pursuit of success and material wealth

Answer 115

- pursuit of moral life

Answer 116

- pursuit of liberation through the negation of the self in a state of being known as nirvana

Answer 117

- can be rigorously ascetic - avoiding all passions including sex to pass out of the cycle of continual rebirth to absorption into the godhead - includes celibacy (brahmacharya) at beginning and end of life, but not in middle

Answer 118

- celibacy in hinduism Dharma and Moksha

Answer 119

- developed out of hinduism - two main traditions: Theravada and Mahayana - both encourage men to live as monks - generally ascetic and concentrates on enlightenment and escape from suffering - most followers life normally and only the monks cultivate the ascetic wisdome

Answer 120

- ethics include the struct non-indulgence of desires that bring joy - understanding, morals, and discipline are emphasized

Answer 121

- ethics more active and directed towards love of others

Answer 122

- mainly in tibet and india | - teaches that sexual union is the essential unity of all things by joining female energy and male energy

Answer 123

female energy | tantric buddhism

Answer 124

male energy | tantric buddhism

Answer 125

- everyone should follow strict moral rules | - placed into legislature

Answer 126

- affirms the value of many competing opinions and believes that the truth is discovered in theclash of diverse perspectives

Answer 127

- coalition of conservative religious and political groups that fight for their religious convictions to be legislature - pro-family position included in this

Answer 128

- all children that are born should be wanted - over population - responsible use for those who aren't ready to assume the responsibility of a child - natural law of st. thomas aquinas should be updated

Answer 129

- abortion when the mother's health is at risk or when there is trauma such as rape or incest

Answer 130

- one that is requested by the mother for any reason

Answer 131

- entry of the human soul into the fetus takes place roughly 3 months after conception according to aristotle and st. thomas aquinas

Answer 132

- pregnancy is solely the concern of a woman and that she should have absolute right to control her own body and determine whether to carry the fetus to term

Answer 133

- most liberal protestants and jews - human life is good and should be preserved but also quality of life is important - child may have right to life but also has right to be wanted and cared for

Answer 134

- rejection, love the sinner hate the sin, and full acceptance

Answer 135

- tend to rely on a literal reading of the bible - story of sodom - st. thomas aquinas: natural law, homosexuality unnatural - st. paul: adamantly opposed but in a list of many other sins.. words he used may refer to abuse or male prostitution - leviticus: could be violation of purity laws, not ethical violation - believe it can be changed to hetero

Answer 136

- sexual orientation isn't sinful, but sexual acts are

Answer 137

- argue apparent condemnation in the scriptures is not relevant to homosexuality as we understand it today - sexual relationships that are characterized by mutual respect, concern, and commitment are to be valued and affirmed whatever the gender of the partners

Answer 138

- involves substituting genetic material from an adult's cell for the nucleus in an egg

Answer 139

- creating tissues or cells that are genetically identical to those of a patient who needs them to treat diseases

Answer 140

ascetic and legalistic - opposers may argue this approach diminishes the full nature of humanity and impoverishes human life - good: black and white, asceticism argues human is more than merely body

Answer 141

- tendencies towards hedonism - physical and sexual side of human nature as an integral part of the individual - much less certain guides, selfishness can shade us to the real consequence of our actions

Answer 142

- certain behaviors are okay in private but illegal in public

Answer 143

- sex and the law regulates sexual activity | - sexuality and the law relates to/infringes upon various sexual identities and orientations

Answer 144

- 95% guilty of some sex crime

Answer 145

- lots of restrictive sex laws passed | - called "comstock laws"

Answer 146

- exploitation and force - consenting adults - community standards of good taste - reproduction - commercial sex

Answer 147

- rape, child abuse, incest | - the good laws

Answer 148

- Usually in place to preserve family and prevent illegitimacy - same gender sexuality regulation (behavior referred to as sodomy) - fornication (pre-marital sex) - adultery (at least one person married to someone else - miscegenation (interracial marriage or sex)

Answer 149

- interracial marriage or sex

Answer 150

- invalidated term "sodomy" for same gender sexual activity

Answer 151

- invalidated illegal miscegenation 1967

Answer 152

- exhibitionism, lewd behavior, nudity

Answer 153

- regulate birth control, abortion

Answer 154

- prostitution, pornography (legal term: obscenity)

Answer 155

- prior to this, contraception illegal in connecticut | - violation of right to privacy for married couples

Answer 156

- contraception still illegal for unmarried persons, Baird challenged and won - violation right of privacy

Answer 157

- decriminalized first trimester abortions | - violation right of privacy

Answer 158

- upheld same-sex sex illegal, can go to prison

Answer 159

- 2003 - courts overturned sodomy laws - 3 gay men living together, 2 having sex, one called police - violation right of privacy

Answer 160

- all US citizens have the right to equal protection under the law

Answer 161

- colorado law prohibited law banning discrimination against gays - supreme court overturned CO law - equal protection 14th amendment

Answer 162

- defense of marriage act (1996) - fed gov does not recognize same-sex marriage - e.g. taxes, insurance benefits of federal workers

Answer 163

- DOMA violation of 5th amendment (due process) | - court struck down DOMA

Answer 164

- CA ban on same sex marriage by proposition 8 - same-sex marriage was legal before prop 8 - ruled on technicality but same sex marriage was re-legalized in CA

Answer 165

- case that nationally made Gay marriage legal | - argument for 14th amendment (equal protection)

Answer 166

- whether states must allow same sex marriage | - recognition of legal marriages from other states

Answer 167

- Homosexuality - Prostitution - Pornography

Answer 168

- obscenity not protected by 1st amendment; but not all sexual material obscene - obscenity: appealing to "prurient" interest

Answer 169

- material is ruled obscene if it violates community standards; patently offensive; lacks serious literary, political, artistic, or scientific value

Answer 170

- illegal to distribute on internet "indecent material" that a child may access - supreme court declared it unconstitutional 1997 - congress passed Child Online Protection Act in 1998: was overturned again

Answer 171

- human life amendment - funding restrictions to planned parenthood; medicaid - restrict access through procedural requirements: waiting periods, "informed" consent, parental notification - ban "partial birth abortions" (2nd and 3rd trimester)

Answer 172

- missouri law preamble that life begins at conception, bans any state officials from performing abortions, also any viable fetus from being aborted - supreme court upheld this

Answer 173

- laws that required a woman to notify husband of abortion | - overturned b/c of "undue burden"

Answer 174

- anti-abortion strategy changed, new strategy for the "health" of the mother - Texas law that abortion clinic doctors must have admitting power at a nearby hospital - would close 3/4 of texas clinics leaving only 10 open - verdict still waiting on - WI had "admitting privileges" law -- struck down by US court of appeals

Answer 175

- 730,000 legal abortions - 65% at or before 8 wks - 91% at or before 13 wks (1st trimester) - 10 deaths from complications

Answer 176

- requires all plans and most employers to provide female workers w/ insurance coverage for a variety of methods of contraception - exceptions: small employers; religious employers

Answer 177

- business owned by "christians", but secular business - claimed that some forms of contraception are abortion - only object to IUDs and morning-after pills - court ruled in favor of hobby lobby

Answer 178

- rights of individs vs. protection of public | - who has right to know if person is HIV+?

Answer 179

- is there a right to procreate? | - freezing embryos?

Answer 180

- first fed law recognizing transgender rights and protections 2014

Answer 181

- age 13-15: TV, movies; friends; internet

Answer 182

- 1981 | - promote sexual abstinence as the sole means of preventing pregnancy and exposure to STDs

Answer 183

- delaying onset of sexual activity - reducing teen pregnancy - reducing STDs - some studies show less likely to use contraception

Answer 184

- teach how to reject advances | - bearing children out of wedlock consequences financially

Answer 185

- school districts declined funding | - 2015: $75 mil/yr comprehensive education; $75 mil/yr abstinence only

Answer 186

- no negative effects (e.g. sexual activity increases) - increased knowledge - cost-effective: by increasing contraception and condom use, save $$ on medical and social cost - evidence-based

Answer 187

- Sexuality Information and Education Council of the US | - develop comprehensive sexual education curricula and other resources

Final Exam New Material Flashcards

(214 cards)