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KIN 380 > FINAL EXAM Part 1 (1-54 slides Pre Midterm) > Flashcards

FINAL EXAM Part 1 (1-54 slides Pre Midterm) Flashcards

1
Q

Research Question

A

A broad inquiry statement about the central phenomenon

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2
Q

Hypothesis

A

A prediction that is derived from the theory about the outcome of a study

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3
Q

Science

A

The discovery of new knowledge

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4
Q

Research

A

A structured way of solving problems

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5
Q

Quantitative Research

A

For theory testing, describing status on variables, and looking at relations among variables

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6
Q

Qualitative Research

A

For exploring and understanding meanings ascribed by individuals or groups

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7
Q

Mixed Methods Research

A

Combines quantitative and qualitative forms of research

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8
Q

Philosophical Worldview

A

A researchers set of beliefs about the general orientation of the world and nature of research

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9
Q

Ontology

A

A researchers belief in the nature of truth and reality, or general orientation to the world

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10
Q

Epistemology

A

A researchers belief about how we acquire knowledge about truth and reality

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11
Q

Posposivitism

A

Based on single reality and objective truth, researcher is unbiased, and associated with the scientific method
- Quantitative Research

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12
Q

Constructivism

A

Based on multiple realities and meanings as varied with complex views, researchers bias is in place
- Qualitative Research

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13
Q

Pragmatism

A

Based on the notion of whatever works and solutions to problems, whatever method works best
- Mixed Methods Research

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14
Q

Transformative

A

Based on the notion that research is intertwined with politics and a focus on action and reform for the participants, while researchers work collaboratively with participants

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15
Q

Theory

A

theoretical framework that organizes and explains and allows new knowledge to be formed

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16
Q

Independent Variable

A

Manipulated Variable, that causes and influences the outcome

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17
Q

Dependent Variable

A

Dependent on the IV, that is the outcome

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18
Q

Mediating Variable

A

Stands between IV and DV, explains how and why the relationship is there

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19
Q

Moderating Variable

A

Stands between IV and DV, and explains when the relationship is there

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20
Q

4 Parts of a Research Proposal

A
  1. Introduction
  2. Proposed Methods
  3. Proposed Data Analysis
  4. Appendices
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21
Q

Literature Review

A

A synopsis of what researchers already know about the topic based on studies that have already been done

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22
Q

Primary Source

A

First hand source of data (Journal article)

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23
Q

Secondary Source

A

Author evaluating previous work (Textbook)

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24
Q

Purpose Statement

A

Establishes the intent or objective of the entire research

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25
Q

Research Problems

A

Address the issue leading to a need for the study

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26
Q

Research Questions

A

Attempt to answer with your data

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27
Q

Quantitative Purpose Statements (5 Parts)

A

Describe/Examine/Test
Variables
Theoretical Framework
Participants
Strategy of Inquiry

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28
Q

Qualitative Purpose Statements (6 Parts)

A

Describe/Explore/Understand
Central Phenomenon
Philosophical Worldview
Participants
Strategy of Inquiry
Research Site

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29
Q

Quantitative Research includes BOTH Research questions and Hypotheses. True or False

A

True

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30
Q

There are 3 forms of Research Questions for Quantitative they are___

A

Comparing Groups
Relating IV and DV
Describing status on variable

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31
Q

Qualitative Research includes research questions NOT a hypotheses. True or False

A

True

32
Q

Qualitative Research Questions have two parts which are ____

A

Central Questions and Sub Questions

33
Q

Mixed Methods Research has BOTH qualitative and quantitative research questions. True or False

A

True

34
Q

Conflict of Interest

A

The study places researchers in conflict with their research/personal interests

35
Q

Process of Consent

A

Participants free, informed, and ongoing consent throughout the research process

36
Q

Privacy

A

Right to be free from intrusion of others

37
Q

Confidentiality

A

Safeguard entrusted information

38
Q

TCPS 2

A

Outlines ethical conduct for research involving humans

39
Q

TCPS 2 Chapter 9

A

Dedicated to good practices for research involving Indigenous Peoples of Canada

40
Q

Core Practices of Chapter 9 TCPS 2 Include: (5)

A

Community Engagement
Respect for Culture of community
Research is partnership
Mutual benefits
Consult Elders

41
Q

3 Core Principles of TCPS:

A

Respect for Persons
Concern for Welfare
Justice

42
Q

Respect for Persons

A

Recognize value of human beings and respect

43
Q

Justice

A

Obligation to treat people fairly and equitably

44
Q

Concern for Welfare

A

Quality of persons experience of life

45
Q

9 Steps to Ethical Decision Making

A
  1. Develop Ethical Sensitivity
  2. Consult Code of Ethics
  3. Search Ethics Literature
  4. Develop Self-Awareness
  5. Apply Ethical Principles
  6. Develop Alternative Courses of Action
  7. Consult with Colleagues
  8. Take Action
  9. Reflect Upon Result of Actions
46
Q

Research Synthesis

A

A systematic quantification of the results across multiple studies

47
Q

Surverys

A

A descriptive research method , broad in scope

48
Q

Epidemiology

A

Studies the distribution and determinants of physical activity and health-related states in populations

49
Q

What are the 3 Experimental Designs of Quantitative Research and what is their goal?

A
  1. Pre Experimental
  2. Quasi - Experimental
  3. True Experimental

Goal is to establish cause and effect relationships
IV and DV effects

50
Q

Causal Claim

A

Claim that one variable affects the other, IE relationship among variables

51
Q

3 Conditions necessary to make causal claim

A
  1. Causes need to precede effects
  2. Needs to be correlation between causes and effects
  3. Relationship between causes and effects cannot be explained by other variables
52
Q

What Experimental Design uses random assignment?

a. Pre
b. Quasi
c. True

A

c. True Experimental

53
Q

What Experimental Designs DO NOT use Random Assignment?

a. Pre
b. Quasi
c. True
d. Pre and Quasi

A

d. Pre and Quasi

54
Q

What Experimental Design HAS a control group?

a. Pre
b. Quasi
c. True

A

b. Quasi

55
Q

What Experimental Design DOES NOT have a control group?

a. Pre
b. Quasi
c. True

A

a. Pre

56
Q

What Pre-Experimental Design is this?

a. Alternative Treatment Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design
b. One-Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design
c. One-Time Case Study
d. Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design

A

C. One-Time Case Study

57
Q

What Pre-Experimental Design is this?

a. Alternative Treatment Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design
b. One-Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design
c. One-Time Case Study
d. Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design

A

B. One-Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design

58
Q

What Pre-Experimental Design is this?

a. Alternative Treatment Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design
b. One-Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design
c. One-Time Case Study
d. Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design

A

D. Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design

59
Q

What Pre-Experimental Design is this?

a. Alternative Treatment Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design
b. One-Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design
c. One-Time Case Study
d. Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design

A

A. Alternative Treatment Post-Test-Only With Nonequivalent Groups Design

60
Q

Why are Pre-Experimental Designs not recommended?

A

They are weak at making a causal claim and that is goal of study

61
Q

What True Experimental Design is this?

a. Post-Test Only Control-Group Design
b. Pre-Test-Post-Test Control-Group Design
c. Solomon Four-Group Design

A

B. Pre-Test-Post-Test Control-Group Design

62
Q

What True Experimental Design is this?

a. Post-Test Only Control-Group Design
b. Pre-Test-Post-Test Control-Group Design
c. Solomon Four-Group Design

A

C. Soloman Four-Group

63
Q

What True Experimental Design is this?

a. Post-Test Only Control-Group Design
b. Pre-Test-Post-Test Control-Group Design
c. Solomon Four-Group Design

A

A. Post-Test Only Control-Group Design

64
Q

Why might you not be able to use a true experimental design?

A

If random selection is not available

65
Q

What Quasi-Experimental Design is this?

a. Single-Group Interrupted
b. Nonequivalent (Pre-Test and Post-Test) Control-Group Design
c. Control-Group Interrupted Time-Series Design

A

a. Single-Group Interrupted

66
Q

What Quasi-Experimental Design is this?

a. Single-Group Interrupted
b. Nonequivalent (Pre-Test and Post-Test) Control-Group Design
c. Control-Group Interrupted Time-Series Design

A

c. Control-Group Interrupted Time-Series Design

67
Q

What Quasi-Experimental Design is this?

a. Single-Group Interrupted
b. Nonequivalent (Pre-Test and Post-Test) Control-Group Design
c. Control-Group Interrupted Time-Series Design

A

b. Nonequivalent (Pre-Test and Post-Test) Control-Group Design

68
Q

What is the order of strength of Experimental Designs from Strongest to Weakest?

A
  1. True
  2. Quasi
  3. Pre
69
Q

What is the difference between Population and Sample?

A

Population is the large group of interest for a study where a sample is then taken from to form a smaller group

70
Q

Probability Sampling

A

Equal probability of individuals in a population to be selected

71
Q

Non Probability Sampling

A

Selection of participants is based on a non-random method

72
Q

The two forms of collecting samples for quantitative sampling are probability and non-probability sampling. True or False

A

True

73
Q

What are the 4 Examples of Probability Sampling?

A
  1. Random Selection
  2. Systematic Sampling
  3. Stratified Random Sampling
  4. Cluster Sampling
74
Q

Explain the 4 Types of Sampling Based on the Image

A

Random = every member same probability
Systematic = every Nth person selected
Stratified = divided into group based on characteristic and randomly selected from those groups
Cluster = each group selected in clusters from random

75
Q

What are the 2 Examples of non-probability Sampling?

A
  1. Convenience Sampling
  2. Purposive Sampling
76
Q

What are 3 Purposive Sampling forms?

A
  1. Snowball Sampling
  2. Quota Sampling
  3. Expert Sampling
77
Q

Explain the 3 Purposive Sampling Forms

  1. Snowball Sampling
  2. Quota Sampling
  3. Expert Sampling
A

Snowball = identify one participant with characteristic and they find others similar
Quota= set a quota number and find that exact amount with characteristics
Expert = identify known experience in area of interest

KIN 380 (3 decks)

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