FINAL EXAM REVIEW

Question 1

What is energy stored in an object called?

Answer 1

Potential energy

Question 2

Pt involved in an MVC, not found for several hours. No feeling below the waist, high BP & c/o headache. What is this pt’s dx?

Answer 2

Autonomic Dysreflexia

Question 3

What is energy from motion?

Answer 3

Kinetic energy

Question 4

A properly worn full face motorcycle helmet will not protect what?

Answer 4

C-SPINE

Question 5

Falling from a significant height and landing on your feet will cause….

Answer 5

compression or burst # to LUMBAR spine

Question 6

What does the phrenic nerve arise from?

Answer 6

Cervical plexus

Question 7

What does the phrenic nerve innervate?

Answer 7

The diaphragm

Question 8

What are the only areas of the spine that allow for signifcant rotation?

Answer 8

C1-C2

Question 9

What area of the spine is susceptible to injury due to its weight bearing capacity?

Answer 9

Lumbar

Question 10

What occurs when there is stress and the intervertebral disc is displaced?

Answer 10

Herniation

Question 11

What is shock?

Answer 11

DILATION of blood vessels, slow pulse, and failure of red blood cells to deliver O2

Question 12

What is perfusion?

Answer 12

Blood to organs or tissue is adequate to meet demands of the body

Question 13

What is spinal shock?

Answer 13

Temporary condition resulting from swelling of spinal cord

Question 14

What is the area around the umbilicus called?

Answer 14

Periumbilical

Question 15

Type of # that occurs at an angle across the bone?

Answer 15

Oblique fracture

Question 16

What helps maintain stability of a joint?

Answer 16

Ligaments

Question 17

Where does the reabsorption of plasma proteins, ions, water and electrolytes occur in the kidney?

Answer 17

Loop of henle

Question 18

What is hemoglobin?

Answer 18

A protein inside red blood cells that binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports to the tissues

Question 19

What is gangrene?

Answer 19

Necrosis of tissues caused by anaerobic toxins producing bacterium

Question 20

What most likely causes bowel obstructions?

Answer 20

Internal stricture

Question 21

What phase of an MVC involves deceleration of the internal organs?

Answer 21

Phase 3

Question 22

What pt’s are most likely to be run over in MVC accidents?

Answer 22

Children

Question 23

Where does the spinal cord branch off at?

Answer 23

L2

Question 24

What is the name of the separate collection of individual nerve roots at the end of L2?

Answer 24

Cauda Equina

Question 25

What are the 3 meninges layering the CNS?

Answer 25

Dura mater (outer) Arachnoid mater (middle) Pia mater (inner)

Question 26

Injury above C4....

Answer 26

Breathe no more !!!

Question 27

Chronotopic controls....

Answer 27

HEART RATE

Question 28

Introtopic controls...

Answer 28

FORCE OF CONTRACTION

Question 29

Dromotopic controls...

Answer 29

CONDUCTION SPEED AT AV NODE (how fast the impulses travel!)

Question 30

Ptosis is:

Answer 30

Upper eyelid drop

Question 31

Miosis is:

Answer 31

Small pupils

Question 32

Ptosis, miosis and ipsilateral anhidrosis (horner's syndrome) are all indications of:

Answer 32

injury/disrpution to the sympathetic nerve supply

Question 33

What is Grey Turner's sign?

Answer 33

bruising along the flanks sign of retroperitoneal hemorrhage delayed hours- days

Question 34

What is Cullen's sign?

Answer 34

-superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus -sign of acute pancreatitis/ retroperitoneal hemorrhage -blunt trauma, abdominal aortic aneurysm

Question 35

What/where is the portal vein?

Answer 35

-intertwined around the esophagus -transports venous blood from the GI tract directly for processing nutrients -series of veins joined together

Question 36

What does the pancreas do?

Answer 36

secretes several enzymes into the duodenum to assists with digestion of fats and proteins and carbohydrates - contains bicarbonate neutralizes gastric acids posterior to stomach

Question 37

What does the liver do?

Answer 37

production of bile assists with carbohydrates, protein and fat metabolism of nutrients within the bloodstream vitamin storage and manufacture detoxification of blood, eliminates waste RLQ

Question 38

What does the spleen do?

Answer 38

filters blood and recycles dead red blood cells LUQ