Final Exam - True or False Section

Question 1

Phoronids often crawl out of their tubes and deposit feed on the surface of the mud.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Spoon worms (Echiurans) often suspension feed by elevating their proboscis up above the bottom.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Podocytes are cells that gather wastes from the bloodstream and empty the wastes into the coelomic fluid.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Pedicellariae are pinchers that sea stars use to grab their prey and cut them open.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Fossil echinoderms were all pentaradial, just as modern living echinoderms are.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Bryozoans have a lengthy fossil record dating back many hundreds of millions of years.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Arthropod fossil trilobites have been encountered which show molting in process (mid-way through).

Answer 7

True

Question 8

An extensive fossil record of segmented Annelid worms dates back over 500 million years.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Brachiopods use a hinge ligament to open their shell valves, just like bivalves do.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

The larvae of all Bryozoans feed in the plankton for weeks, and hence are planktotrophic.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Some Bryozoans (especially those in the Class Stenolaemata) clone their embryos via a process called polyembryony.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

The phylum Bryozoa used to be known as the phylum Ectoprocta, because their anus is at the center of their circular lophophore.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

All Bryozoan species are polymorphic.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Inarticulate brachiopods often speak to the public, but are not good at doing so.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

All lophophorate phyla living today are clearly and unequivocally evolved from a single common ancestor.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

All sea cucumbers are suspension feeders.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Some brittle stars are surface deposit feeders.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Most sea stars are predators.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

All sea star species are keystone species.

Answer 19

F

Question 20

The madreporite of a sea cucumber is located internally.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Statoblasts, in freshwater Bryozoans, are very reminiscent of the gemmules of freshwater sponges.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Brittle Sea Stars (Ophiuroidea) always use tube feet for slow and steady movements.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

The madreporite in echinoderms is where water enters their water vascular system.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Sea Star Wasting Disease (SSWD) can be prevented by boiling the viruses in the water it lives in, to kill them.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Sea cucumbers breathe through their anus.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

All Echinoderms are pentaradially symmetrical in each of their life stages (adult & larva), with few exceptions.

Question 27

Lophophores are homologous to the gastrozooids of certain hydrozoans.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

All colonies in the class Gymnolaemata are polymorphic.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Brachiopods have muscles that open and close their shell valves.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Chitons have calcareous spines along their girdle and have no sensory organs to detect light.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

All mollusks have an open circulatory system.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Obelia medusae have a velum.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Obelia has no medusa phase.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

All Cephalopods lack a shell or have a reduced shell.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

Echinoderm adults and larvae both exhibit pentaradial symmetry.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

All members of Phylum Echinodermata have a madreporite on the aboral surface.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Cl. Concentricycloidea (Sea Daisies) have the largest number of species when compared to the other classes in the Phylum Echinodermata.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

All echinoderms have "pinchers" (pedicellariae).

Answer 38

True

Question 39

Zooid specializations like Avicularia or Vibracula are found exclusively in the class Phylactolaemata.

Answer 39

False

Question 40

All lophophorates are suspension feeders.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

All Echinoderms lack a centralized brain AND ganglia, but do have a three part nervous system.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

All Echinoderms have an Aristotle's Lantern for feeding.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

Larvacean, Sea Squirt, and Tunicate are all different names for the same marine organism.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

Phylum Hemichordata has a notochord.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

Sea stars use their tube feet to open a sea urchin and use their cardiac stomach to dissolve the sea urchin and then ingest the contents.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

Sand dollars are suspension feeders.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

All vertebrates are chordates but not all chordates are vertebrates.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Echinoderms have pentaradial symmetry through ALL of their life stages.

Answer 48

False

Question 49

Some sea squirt species are predators that will eat small crustaceans.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Which phyla below possess a proboscis? Nematoda Mollusca Annelida Arthropods Echinoderms All of the above except E

Answer 50

All of the above

Question 51

What phylum is characterized by having a segmented body, jointed appendages, and an exoskeleton made out of chitin? Mollusca Arthropoda Cnidaria Echinodermata

Answer 51

Arthropoda

Question 52

Which of the following phyla are protostomes? Nemertea Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Echinodermata Arthropoda Both D & E above None of the above

Answer 52

D&E

Question 53

The group Lophotrochozoa include(s) which of the phyla below? Phylum Mollusca Phylum Annelida Phylum Tardigrada Phylum Phoronida A, B, and C A, B, and D

Answer 53

ABD

Question 54

Which of the following groups used to be placed in phylum Mollusca? Class Polyplacophora Phylum Brachiopoda Class Branchiopoda Infraclass Thoracica

Answer 54

Class Polyplacophora

Question 55

Which classes are in Phylum Echinodermata? Crinoidea Ascideacea Holothuroidea Asteroidea

Answer 55

Crinoidea, Holothuroidea, Asteroidea

Question 56

Which class of Echinoderms has it's madreporite on the oral side? Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Echinoidea a & c Madreporites are only found on the aboral side

Answer 56

A&C

Question 57

Brachiopods are usually attached to hard surfaces by what body feature? Pedicle Valve hinge Avicularia Vibracula All of the following

Answer 57

Pedicle

Question 58

The Crown of Thorns Sea Star is a voracious predator that consumes_____? Hydroids Bryozoans Corals Sea Urchins All of the following

Answer 58

All of the following

Question 59

What type of sponge cell is responsible for capturing food particles? Amebocyte Cnidocyte Choanocyte Porocyte All of the above A and B only

Answer 59

Chanocytes

Question 60

Which of the following is a shared characteristic between Hemichordates and Nemerteans? Suspension feeding Retractable proboscis Predators Vermiform

Answer 60

Retractable proboscis

Question 61

What is the correct order to put these life stages of a Scyphozoan? planula, ephyra, strobila, medusa strobila, planula, ephyra, medusa medusa, ephyra, strobila, planula planula, strobila, ephyra, medusa

Answer 61

planula, ephyra, strobila, medusa

Question 62

A hydrostatic skeleton is used by which of these animals in order to move? Flatworms Starfish Sea Cucumbers All of the above A and B only A and C only

Answer 62

All of the above

Question 63

What's the difference between an incomplete vs complete digestive track? Which of the following groups have a complete digestive track? (May be >1 answer) Echinoderms Platyhelminths Cnidarians Poriferans Nematodes

Answer 63

Echinoderms, Nematodes

Question 64

Which of these is a modified zooid resembling a bird's head which functions to protect a bryozoan colony? Vibraculum Avicularium Lophophore Zooecium Funiculus

Answer 64

Avicularium

Question 65

Which of these phyla shed an outer cuticle? Onychophora Tardigrada Arthropoda Nemertea All of the above

Answer 65

All of the above

Question 66

Reynold’s number is in reference to what forces: (choose two) Internal force External force Viscous force Inertia Velocity

Answer 66

Viscous force and inertia

Question 67

Which of the following is true about Echinoderms? They have a lophophore All species within this phyla share a larval stage They undergo protostome development They have a water vascular system

Answer 67

They have a water vascular system

Question 68

Which of the following phyla (plural form of the term) are known for having radial symmetry, a water vascular system, and tube feet? Lophophorata Echinodermata Chordata Phoronida Brachiopoda

Answer 68

Echinodermata

Question 69

Which of the following states the way in which the respiratory system of arthropods and mollusks differ. Some molluscs have gills, while some arthropods have tracheae Some molluscs have tracheae, while some arthropods have gills Some molluscs use their spicules , while arthropods use book lungs None of the above

Answer 69

Some molluscs have gills, while some arthropods have tracheae

Question 70

What are two structures a sea star would use to acquire and then ingest a mussel? Madreporite and cardiac stomach Tube feet and madreporite Tube feet and cardiac stomach Pyloric stomach and cardiac stomach

Answer 70

Tube feet and cardiac stomach

Question 71

Which of the following are classes of echinoderms that have their madreporite on the Aboral surface? Holothuroidea Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Echinoidea Crinoidea

Answer 71

Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Echinoidea

Question 72

Which of the following phyla contain species that are predators? Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Annelida Arthropoda All of the above Answers A, C and D above Answers B-D above Answers A & D above

Answer 72

Cnidaria, Arthropoda

Question 73

Which of the following phyla contain species that are deposit feeders? Platyhelminthes Annelida Echinodermata All of the above Answers B & C above Answers A & C above

Answer 73

Annelida Echinodermata

Question 74

Which of the following features do Prostostomes have? Blastopore that becomes the mouth Radial cleavage Mosaic development Mesoderm developing via Schizocoely to line the coelom All of the above Answers A, C and D above Answers A, B and C above

Answer 74

Blastopore that becomes the mouth Radial cleavage Mosaic development

Question 75

Which of the following phyla are Deuterostomes? Nemertea Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Echinodermata Arthropoda Both D & E above None of the above

Answer 75

Echinodermata Arthropoda

Question 76

Which of the following taxa feed with a lophophore? Onychophora Platyhelminthes Ctenophora Nemertea Crustacea Bryozoa Phoronida Brachiopoda

Answer 76

Bryozoa

Question 77

Which of the following phyla contain species which are vermiform? A. Nemertea B. Annelida C. Mollusca D. Cnidaria E. All of the above F. Answers A-C above