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Patient Centered Care I > Final Exam: Unit 14 > Flashcards

Final Exam: Unit 14 Flashcards

1
Q

two main types of lupus

A

systemic and discoid

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2
Q

most common type of lupus

A

systemic lupus (SLE)

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3
Q

SLE can lead to

A

major organ failure

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4
Q

this kind of lupus attacks the skin

A

discoid lupus (DLE)

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5
Q

DLE can progress to

A

SLE

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6
Q

medication-induced lupus can be cured by

A

stopping the medication

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7
Q

condition where bone tissue dies due to a loss of blood supply

A

osteonecrosis

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8
Q

reason why SLE can be hard to dx

A

s/s are not visible or similar to other disorders

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9
Q

lupus causes a high risk for

A

pregnancy

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10
Q

why is there a fetal risk when treating lupus

A

medications used - methotrexate

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11
Q

goal of lupus treatment

A

control manifestations and decrease exacerbations

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12
Q

this class of medication can be used to treat lupus by reducing inflammation and arthritic pain

A

NSAIDs

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13
Q

this class of medication can be used to treat lupus by reducing inflammation and causing immunosuppression

A

corticosteroids

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14
Q

this class of medication can be used to treat lupus and has anti-inflammatory properties and suppression of synovitis, fever/fatigue, and decreases the risk of developing skin lesions

A

antimalarial drugs

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15
Q

condition where small blood vessels in the fingers become narrowed in response to cold or stress causing a change in color to the skin

A

Raynaud’s phenomenon

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16
Q

lupus can cause changes in

A

LOC

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17
Q

do not stop ____ abruptly

A

steroids

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18
Q

avoid these three things while treating lupus

A

live vaccines
prolonged sun exposure
crowds

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19
Q

leading cause of death in SLE

A

lupus nephritis

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20
Q

lupus nephritis may require this surgical intervention

A

kidney transplant

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21
Q

in lupus nephritis, monitor for swelling in these two areas

A

periorbital region and lower extremities

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22
Q

in lupus nephritis, monitor for this vital sign

A

hypertension

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23
Q

inflammation of the heart, its vessels, and the surrounding sac

A

pericarditis and myocarditis

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24
Q

the hypothalamus communicates with the

A

pituitary gland

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25
main function of the thyroid gland
regulate metabolic activity
26
the thyroid gland produces these three hormones
calcitonin T3 T4
27
the hypothalamus releases this hormone which then stimulates the pituitary gland
TRH (thyroid releasing hormone)
28
once stimulated by the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland releases this hormone
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
29
why is hypothyroidism often undiagnosed in older adults?
it mimics the aging process
30
three stages of hypothyroidism
primary secondary tertiary
31
this stage of hypothyroidism is characterized by failure of the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the thyroid gland due to pituitary tumors
secondary
32
this stage of hypothyroidism is characterized by failure of the hypothalamus to produce TRH
tertiary
33
this stage of hypothyroidism is characterized by dysfunction of the thyroid gland
primary
34
T3 and T4 in hypothyroidism will be
decreased
35
TSH in hypothyroidism will be
increased
36
blood cholesterol and lipids in hypothyroidism will be
increased
37
antithyroid antibodies in hypothyroidism will be
present
38
an ECG in hypothyroidism will show these two things
sinus bradycardia dysrhythmias
39
this helps make T3 and T4
iodine
40
hypothyroidism can lead to this disease
Hashimoto's Disease
41
a patient's mood with hypothyroidism will be
depressed and fatigued
42
a patient will be (temperature) with hypothyroidism
cold
43
a patient with hypothyroidism will have this kind of skin
dry, brittle
44
a patient with hypothyroidism will have this kind of hair
hair loss
45
a patient with hypothyroidism will have this kind of appetite
lack of appetite
46
a patient with hypothyroidism will have weight _____
gain
47
a patient with hypothyroidism will have this GI effect
constipation
48
is a goiter typical in hypothyroidism?
yes - goiter will be present
49
main treatment option for hypothyroidism
levothyroxine
50
dosing of levothyroxine is
weight-based
51
take levothyroxine on a ____ stomach
EMPTY stomach (30-60 min before eating)
52
life-threatening complication of hypothyroidism
myxedema coma
53
side effects of myxedema coma will all be
low and slow - most adverse is a coma
54
main nursing care for myxedema coma
maintain the airway
55
most common cause of hyperthyroidism
Grave's Disease
56
T3 and T4 in hyperthyroidism will be
elevated
57
TSH in hyperthyroidism will be
decreased
58
a patient with hyperthyroidism will have this kind of mood
elevated and excited
59
a patient with hyperthyroidism will be (temperature)
hot
60
a patient with hyperthyroidism will have this kind of skin
smooth, soft, and sweaty
61
a patient with hyperthyroidism will have this kind of appetite
increased appetite
62
a patient with hyperthyroidism will have this GI function
diarrhea
63
is a goiter typical in hyperthyroidism?
yes - more typical in hyperthyroidism than hypo
64
vital signs in hyperthyroidism will be
elevated
65
hyperthyroidism can often cause this due to pressure on the optic nerve
blurred vision
66
excess thyroid hormone (T3/T4) in the body
thyrotoxicosis
67
this iodine solution can be used to treat hypothyroidism
Lugol's solution
68
this procedure can be done if the thyroid is putting pressure on the trachea
thyroidectomy
69
radioactive iodine ablation therapy is contraindicated in
pregnancy
70
this medication that's used for hyperthyroidism works by preventing the thyroid gland from producing thyroid hormone
methimazole
71
methimazole can be toxic to this organ
liver
72
this medication that's used for hyperthyroidism works by blocking thyroid peroxidase
propylthiouracil
73
main surgical consideration for hyperthyroidism
thyroidectomy
74
following a thyroidectomy, the patient should be monitored for
hypocalcemia
75
these two signs will be positive in hypocalcemia
Trousseau's and Chvostek
76
medical emergency that can result from hyperthyroidism
thyroid storm
77
two classic findings of thyroid storm
high fever rapid heart rate
78
s/s of thyroid storm are the same as in _____ , but are more severe
same as hyperthyroidism
79
thyroid storm can progress quickly to
multiple organ failure
80
a class of medication that can be used to treat hyperthyroidism and thyroid storm
beta blockers
81
a mineralocorticoid that the adrenal cortex produces
aldosterone
82
a glucocorticoid that the adrenal cortex produces
cortisol
83
a sex hormone that the adrenal cortex produces
androgens and estrogens
84
this disease is a result of decreased aldosterone and cortisol (adrenal insufficiency)
Addison's Disease "we need to ADD hormone in Addison's"
85
most common cause of PRIMARY Addison's Disease
autoimmunity
86
cause of SECONDARY Addison's Disease
steroid withdrawal
87
Addison's Disease can cause this in the skin
hyperpigmentation in the skin
88
Addison's disease can cause the patient to crave
salt
89
chronic Addison's Disease has a ____ progression
slow progression
90
Addisonian crisis has a ____ development
rapid development
91
main medication used to treat Addison's Disease
prednisone (anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive in nature)
92
do not do this with prednisone
do not stop abruptly
93
take prednisone ____ food
WITH food
94
prednisone increases risk of
infection
95
avoid these two drinks while treating Addison's Disease
alcohol and caffeine
96
while treating Addison's Disease, the patient should carry emergency
emergency hydrocortisone injection
97
when treating the patient for Addison's Disease, position the patient like this
recumbent with legs elevated
98
side effects and lab values will generally be ____
decreased "ADisson's = Arrows Down"
99
the only electrolyte that will be elevated in Addison's Disease
potassium
100
this disease is characterized by an excess of cortisol secretion
Cushing's Disease Too many steroids = They have a CUSHION
101
tumor of the adrenal medulla causing an excess secretion of certain hormones
pheochromocytoma
102
most common cause of Cushing's Syndrome
long-term use of glucocorticoids
103
gender more at risk for Cushing's Syndrome
female (2-40 year old)
104
vital signs and labs in Cushing's disease will be
elevated "Cushing is Pushing levels UP"
105
the only electrolyte that is decreased in Cushing's syndrome
potassium

Patient Centered Care I (7 decks)

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