Final For Papa Griffs Flashcards by Gianna Naventa

DONT RANDOMIZE AS QUESTIONS ARE IN ORDER

Or do if you want a challenge

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WORLD WAR I
Five major causes of the global war in 1914 were:
* M -
* A -
* N -
* I -
* A -

A) Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, Industrialism,Assassinations
B) Modernization, Alliances, Neutrality, Isolationism,Annexation
C) Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism,Imperialism,Assassinations
D) Mercantilism, Agrarianism, Nationalism, Imperialism,Alliances

C) Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism,Imperialism,Assassinations

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World War I saw the rise of several new strategies and inventions that changed the course of war.Inventions included…

A) Machine guns, tanks, airplanes, and poison gas
B) Transistors, television sets, hula hoops, and rock and roll
C) Atomic bombs, jet aircraft, radar, and penicillin
D) Computers, space rockets, satellites, and oral contraceptives

A) Machine guns, tanks, airplanes, and poison gas

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Strategies to fight the war involved ____________________________________. However, because of the new
technologies of warfare, casualties mounted.

a. Blitzkrieg
b. Guerrilla warfare
c.Naval warfare
d.Trench warfare

d.Trench warfare

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World War I was a total war, which means
_______________________________________________________________________.
A.Only soldiers were affected by the
conflict.
B.All resources of a nation are mobilized for war effort
C.The war was totaling homes
D.The war was becoming harder to fight in

B.All resources of a nation are mobilized for war effort

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At the end of World War I, the victorious Allies negotiated ______, which formally ended the war.
A. The Geneva Convention
B.The Yalta Agreement
C. The Declaration of Independence
D.The Treaty of Versailles

D.The Treaty of Versailles

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Provisions of the treaty included:
A.Germany is wiped off the map, Germany must give ownership to another country,war reparations
B.All Germans who fought in the war are imprisoned, redraw of map of Europe,Germany is blamed for whole war
C.Redraw of the map of Europe,war reparations,Germany is blamed for the whole war

C.Redraw of the map of Europe,war reparations,Germany is blamed for the whole war

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Wilson’s 14 Points included a plan for peace in Europe and the creation of __________________________. The purpose
of this organization was _______________________________________________________________________.
A) The United Nations,Encouraging disarmanent.
B) The League of Nations, Resolving international disputes
C) The Warsaw Pact,Promoting colonial expansion.
D) The European Union,Implementing collective security.

B) The League of Nations, Resolving international disputes

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ROARING TWENTIES
1. Consumer culture rose in the 1920s thanks to _____________________________ that targeted ____________ to increase
consumer spending.
A) Advertisement/Mass Media, Woman
B)Government-mandated spending programs, Citizens
C) A decrease in available consumer goods, Workers
D)A shift from urban to rural living, Families

A) Advertisement/Mass Media, Woman

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Women’s rights greatly expanded in the 1920s in the following ways:
A)The Equal Pay Act, Economic Freedom
B)The Civil Rights Act, Economic Freedom
C)The Voting Rights Act, Economic Freedom
D)The 19th Amendment, Economic Freedom

D)The 19th Amendment, Economic Freedom

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Flapper culture, which was exemplified by…
A) Hair/Fashion style, Smoking/Drinking, Casual relationships with men
B) Dancing (like the Charleston), embracing jazz music, and frequenting speakeasies.
C) Increased presence in public spaces, pursuing economic independence through jobs, and driving automobiles.
D) A rejection of Victorian-era morality, a desire for personal freedom, and a challenge to traditional gender roles.

A) Hair/Fashion style, Smoking/Drinking, Casual relationships with men

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The era of Prohibition saw the passage of the 18th Amendment, which
A) Banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages throughout the United States.
B) Led to a significant increase in organized crime, the rise of illegal speakeasies, and widespread bootlegging operations.
C) Was intended to reduce crime, poverty, and corruption, but instead fostered a culture of disrespect for the law and increased illegal alcohol consumption.
D) Ultimately proved difficult to enforce effectively and was eventually repealed by the 21st Amendment, marking a rare instance of a constitutional amendment being overturned.

A) Banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages throughout the United States.

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The 18th Amendment, which established Prohibition, was later repealed by:
A) The 19th Amendment
B) The 20th Amendment
C) The 21st Amendment
D) The 22nd Amendment

C) The 21st Amendment

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Reasons for repealing Prohibition included
A) Growing public opposition and widespread disregard for the law.
B) Poor enforcement, significant loss of tax revenue, and the dramatic rise of organized crime.
C) The Great Depression, which created a strong desire for new jobs and tax revenue that alcohol sales could provide.
D) Concerns over individual liberty and the realization that the amendment was largely ineffective in achieving its moral goals.

B) Poor enforcement, significant loss of tax revenue, and the dramatic rise of organized crime.

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The 1920s were famously known as the “___________________” due to the popularity of a new American music format.
A) Roaring Twenties
B) Gilded Age
C) Jazz Age
D) Space Age

C) Jazz Age

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The vibrant period of artistic and cultural flourishing among black artists, authors, and entertainers in New York City during the 1920s is known as the:
A) Civil Rights Movement
B) Harlem Renaissance
C) Greenwich Village Scene
D) Beat Generation

B) Harlem Renaissance

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________________ boiled over in the 1920s as ________________ was strictly enforced in cities through housing, education, and employment.
A) Economic prosperity, integration
B) Political apathy, unity
C) Cultural harmony, assimilation
D) Racial tension, segregation

D) Racial tension, segregation

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The _______________________________ saw a significant number of African Americans move from the South to the North.
A) The Jazz Age cultural shift
B) The Great Migration
C) The Roaring Twenties social upheaval
D) The Harlem Renaissance artistic surge

B) The Great Migration

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_________________ rose again to prominence to harass and attack African Americans

Ku Klux Klan

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Nativism rose in response to cultural changes and the increase in immigration to the US. This ideology favored…

A) Open borders and cultural assimilation of all newcomers.
B) Immigration quotas, and white native-born Protestant Americans.
C) International alliances and the free movement of labor.
D) Policies that encouraged diverse cultural expression and religious freedom for all residents.

B) Immigration quotas, and white native-born Protestant Americans.

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Republican politics of the 1920s advocated for a policy known as “_______________________” in response to the hardships of World War I and the Influenza Pandemic.
A) Return to Normalcy
B) New Deal Initiatives
C) Progressive Era Reforms
D) Great Society Programs

A) Return to Normalcy

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Advocated a laissez-faire approach to the economy, meaning:

A) Extensive government regulation and intervention in business.
B) Government control over major industries and services.
C) Limited government involvement.
D) Strict government planning and nationalization of private companies.

C) Limited government involvement.

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Republican Presidents of this era…

A) Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover
B) Woodrow Wilson, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt
C) Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes
D) Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson

A) Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover

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Causes of the Great Depression included:
A) Overproduction by industries and agriculture leading to surplus goods.
B) Stock market crash, Over speculation (buying stocks on credits), bank failures, rise in unemployment.
C) High tariffs reducing international trade, and a contraction of the money supply.
D) Significant income inequality and a lack of effective government regulation of the economy.

B) Stock market crash, Over speculation (buying stocks on credits), bank failures, rise in unemployment.

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Dust Bowl (explain)

a period of intense dust storms that ravaged the American Midwest during the 1930s, ruining agriculture and the environment

Hoping to restore faith and hope in America, the US elects ______________________ in 1932 by a landslide victory. A) Calvin Coolidge B) Herbert Hoover C) FDR (Franklin D Roosevelt) D) Woodrow Wilson

C) FDR (Franklin D Roosevelt)

Approaches to the Depression Hoover –

Business enacts voluntary controls, limited government intervention

Approaches to the Depression FDR –

Expansive role of the federal government, increased regulation of the economy, provided relief reform, and recovery nation

New Deal – FDR’s economic response to the Great Depression, rapid increases in federal spending to stimulate economic recovery, expanded the role of the federal government

This is a freebie I didn't know how to write this one

1st New Deal – create jobs, generate economic stimulus, regulate banking (1933-34) A) FTC, ICC, FRB, RFC B) WPA, SSA, NLRA, REA C) CCC, NRA, TVA, SEC, FDIC D) FHA, HOLC, AAA, PWA

C) CCC, NRA, TVA, SEC, FDIC CCC-Civilian Conservative Corps NRA-National Recovery Administration TVA-Tennessee Value Authority SEC-Securites & Exchange Commission FDIC-Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

New Deal – programs targeting ordinary citizens (1935) A) Federal Reserve, Interstate Commerce Commission, Department of Agriculture B) CCC, TVA, FDIC C) SEC, NRA, AAA D) WPA, SSA, Wagner Act

D) WPA, SSA, Wagner Act WPA-Work Progress Administration SSA-Social Security Administration Wagner Act-Enforced collective bargaining agreement rights and protection for union activity

Bank Holiday (define)

Closes all banks to evaluate finical health

Not all Americans viewed the New Deal favorably, with criticism that included Too Much...

Too Much-Limited individual freedom, attacked businesses and the wealthy

Not all Americans viewed the New Deal favorably, with criticism that included Too Little...

Too Little-Didn't distribute wealth enough, did not help minorities or woman as much

Demagogues (define)

Individuals who use fear to achieve their political goals

People who used Demagogues were... A) Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman B) Woodrow Wilson, Theodore Roosevelt C) John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie D) Father Coughlin, Huey Long

D) Father Coughlin, Huey Long

FDR's controversial effort to ____________________________ in 1937 was harshly criticized by both Democrats and Republicans. A) Dismantle the Civilian Conservation Corps B) Pack the Supreme Court C) Reduce the size of the federal government D) Impose a national wealth tax

B) Pack the Supreme Court

The rise of Fascism in Europe was marked by the emergence of key leaders: ___________________ in Italy, and _____________________ in Germany. A) Mussolini, Hitler B) Francisco Franco, Hideki Tojo C) Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt D) Joseph Stalin, Vladimir Lenin

A) Mussolini, Hitler

Nazis and Italian Fascists shared similar beliefs and tactics, including: A) Promoting free speech, fostering political dissent, and reducing military spending. B) Implementing socialist economic reforms, prioritizing environmental protection, and joining collective security organizations. C) Controlling Media, Attacking/Arresting Critics, Build up military and focus on conquest. D) Advocating for international trade agreements, expanding civil liberties, and supporting pacifism

C) Controlling Media, Attacking/Arresting Critics, Build up military and focus on conquest.

Nazis advocated for a “final solution to the Jewish problem”. This was known as the....

Holocaust

Nazi aggression in Europe was seen in the late 1930s as Germany expanded into... A) France, Poland, Soviet Union. B) Spain, Portugal, Greece. C) Rhineland, Czechoslovakia, Austria (Anschluss). D) Italy, Denmark, Norway.

C) Rhineland, Czechoslovakia, Austria (Anschluss).

Allied leaders practiced _________________________ with Hitler in the late 1930s, hoping that his territorial conquests would not extend beyond certain nations. A) Appeasement B) Containment C) Isolationism D) Deterrence

A) Appeasement

World War II was sparked in September 1939 by the blitzkrieg ___________________ of Poland. A) Occupation B) Annexation C) Liberation D) Invasion

D) Invasion

By the fall of 1940, Germany had rapidly conquered several Western European nations, including _________________, _____________________, and __________________. A) Great Britain, Spain, Portugal B) Soviet Union, Italy, Austria C) Denmark, Norway, Sweden D) Netherlands, Belgium, France

D) Netherlands, Belgium, France

Allied forces launched Operation Torch with the dual objectives to control the ___________________ and the flow of oil, and to push the Nazis out of __________________________. A) English Channel, France B) Atlantic Ocean, Western Europe C) Black Sea, Eastern Front D) Suez Canal, North Africa

D) Suez Canal, North Africa

The US enters World War II following _______________________________________.

Pearl Harbor

US mobilization was aided by... A) Increased male immigration, reliance on existing industrial capacity, and delayed draft. B) Focus on individual entrepreneurship, limited government contracts, and a smaller national guard. C) Women in the military (Non combative roles like a nurse), Women join the workforce. D) Strict restrictions on industrial output, reduction in wartime factory shifts, and decreased agricultural production

C) Women in the military (Non combative roles like a nurse), Women join the workforce.

Impact of women aiding during WW2 impacted...

The change of views of the role of woman in the economy in society

Japanese interned (define)

Confined to camps in remote areas of western US

The rationale for this policy was due to...

Fear of domestic attacks on Japanese Americans

D-Day Invasion Goal - Details of the invasion –

Goal - Established a foothold in Nazi occupied Europe, Open a second front in Europe Details of the invasion –500,000 troops land in 7 days, begin to march to Berlin

Battle of the Bulge -

Last German counter offensive of the war

Fall of Germany (when and why)

May 1945- Allied forces attacks from the east soviets and west Us/British, Hitler dead

What was the holocaust

The round up and murder of 6 million jews and a additional 5 million consider the undesirable

Midway was the...

Furthest extent of Japanese advance in the pacific, Turning point in the pacific war

Iwo Jima was the...

25,000 US casualties, US in striking distance of Japan for bombing raids.

Okinawa was the

50,000 casualties, last major battle of the pacific war

The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki For – Against –

For –Saves millions of US and Japanese lives from an allied invasion, ended war quickly Against –Attack on civilian population (200,000+ Killed) is immoral

The Cold War was characterized as a period of heightened political, military, and economic tensions primarily between __________________ and _________________________. A) China (Socialism), Japan (Imperialism) B) United Kingdom (Monarchy), Germany (Fascism) C) France (Republic), Italy (Fascism) D) US (democracy), Soviet Union (Communism)

D) US (democracy), Soviet Union (Communism)

The "Iron Curtain" famously divided communism and capitalism. Where was this ideological and physical divide primarily located? A) North and South America B) Asia and Africa C) East and West Europe D) The Arctic and Antarctic regions

C) East and West Europe

US Cold War Policy Containment -

Policy of resisting the spread of communism

Truman Doctrine –

The US will assist (military, economically, politically,) to any nation resisting communism

The doctrine assisted... A) France, Italy, West Germany B) Greece, South Korea, Vietnam, Iran, Cuba, Guatemala C) Canada, Mexico, Brazil D) China, Japan, India

B) Greece, South Korea, Vietnam, Iran, Cuba, Guatemala

NATO – Based on collective security. Countered by _________________________ formed in 1955 of the USSR and Communist Eastern Europe A) Warsaw Pact B) League of Nations C) United Nations D) Comintern

A) Warsaw Pact

Korean War What were North and South koreas political views?

WWII - North is communist, South is democratic

June 1950 was big for South Korea. Why so?

North Korea invades South Korea

UN forces during the Korean War were commanded by _______________________________. A) General George S. Patton B) General Douglass MacArthur C) General Omar Bradley D) General Dwight D. Eisenhower

B) General Douglass MacArthur

Push back who from the Chinese border?

communists to the Chinese border

What happens on Nov. 1951 with the Chinese?

Chinese forces invade, war end in stalemate

Legacy of the War Stalemate (define)

A stalemate is when neither side in a conflict can make progress or win, resulting in a standstill.

38th Parallel-

Dividing line between north and south Korea (DMZ)

The period of intense fear and suspicion of communism, known as the Red Scare, began in the late ________ and early ________. A) 1930s, 40s B) 1940s, 50's C) 1960s, 70s D) 1910s, 20s

B) 1940s, 50's

Blacklisting during the red scare was known as a...

List of people who should not be hired due to communist sympathy

McCarthy Hearing Tactics they used?

Smear tatics,And hearsay evidence

Exploits the fear of what for Americans?

Americans fear of communism

Army McCarthy Hearings-

McCarthy investigating into the US army for communism

The "Baby Boom" refers to a significant explosion in birth rates that occurred from ________ to ________. A) 1939, 1945 B) 1950, 1970 C) 1920, 1930 D) 1946, 1964

D) 1946, 1964

Effects of the baby boom were...

overpopulation, car culture, rise of suburbs

Teen Culture defined by...

Rock and Roll

Role of Women WWII – “_______”, women in the workforce "_______". A) Rosie the Riveter B) Eleanor Roosevelt C) Martha Gellhorn D) Hedy Lamarr

A) Rosie the Riveter

1950s for women meant....

They returned home to a more modest life style and took on the role of a mother

Republican Politics 1952-1960 Modern Republicanism - ________________________ with money, _______________ with people. A) Socialist, Capitalist B) Progressive, Traditional C) Radical, Moderate D) Conservative, Liberal

D) Conservative, Liberal

CIVIL RIGHTS 1. Early efforts at civil rights Truman in 1948 –

Desegregates the US armed force

Brown v. Board of Education (1954) –

Ends principle of separate but equal

Eisenhower sent in federal troops to

integrate public schools

Rosa Parks and the __________(1955-56) A) The Montgomery Bus Boycott B) The Selma to Montgomery Marches C) The Greensboro Sit-ins D) The March on Washington

A) The Montgomery Bus Boycott

Led by _______________________________ and used _______________________ to protest bus segregation A) Malcolm X, armed resistance B) MLK (Martin Luther King), Nonviolent protest C) Stokely Carmichael, Black Power D) Thurgood Marshall, legal challenges

B) MLK (Martin Luther King), Nonviolent protest

Varied methods of civil rights Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. -

passive resistance ,non violent, civil disobedience

Malcolm X-

blacks separate from white culture, gain rights by self-improvement

Stokely Carmichael was the…?

SNCC leader, militant action, black power

Major legislation passed in the 1960s Civil Rights Act of 1964 which prevented... A) Prohibits discrimination in public accommodations B) Withholds federal funds from programs that discriminate C) Title VII - bans discrimination based on race, sex, religion, and national origin D) All of the above

D) All of the above

Voting Rights Act of 1965 did what

Eliminated barriers to voter registration and voting

Civil Rights issues today include: A) BLM (Black Lives Matter), Equity of social justice, LGBTQ+ rights, Women's rights. B) Debates over abortion C) Early 20th-century labor union organizing. D) None of these

A) BLM (Black Lives Matter), Equity of social justice, LGBTQ+ rights, Women's rights.

The US is following _____________________ policy – fear of communism taking over in Southeast Asia. A) containment doctrine B) rollback strategy C) Marshall Plan D) domino theory

D) domino theory

The US expands military presence in Vietnam following _____________________ in 1964. A) Tet Offensive B) My Lai Massacre C) Fall of Dien Bien Phu D) Gulf of Tonkin incident

D) Gulf of Tonkin incident

Question: _____________________ - bombing campaign of North Vietnam from 1965-68. A) Operation Phoenix B) Operation Rolling Thunder C) Operation Starlite D) Operation Linebacker

B) Operation Rolling Thunder

Question: Soldiers experience serious challenges fighting a new kind of war in Vietnam including: A) Hard conditions B) Phycological (Booby traps, land mines, and attcacks) C) Guerrilla warfare (Viet Cong) D) All of the above

D) All of the above

Question: Ho Chi Minh Trail was the major supply line between the _____________________ (guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam) and the NVA. A) Both B and C B) Viet Cong (VC) C) Ho Chi Minh Trail D) Pathet Lao

A) Both B and C

______________________________ was a turning point in the Vietnam War

Tet offensive (1968)

The US realized they were not ______

Winning

______ for the war declined and _______ increases across college campuses in the ______ for the war declined and _______ increases across college campuses in the US. A) Casualties and troop deployments B) Economic growth and patriotic fervor C) Support for war and anti war movement D) Public awareness and military recruitment

C) Support for war and anti war movement

protest over....

Draft, Conduct of war and the Kent shooting where 4 students were killed by national guard's men in the 1970s

Nixon pledged to end the war in Vietnam, the strategy was called _____________________________, which was the process of placing greater responsibility on _________________ to fight the war. A) Vietimaztion, and South Vietnamese B) Escalation, and American advisors C) Containment, and North Vietnamese D) Domino Theory, and Cambodian forces

A) Vietimaztion, and South Vietnamese

Peace negotiations were finalized in Paris in...

1973

US withdraws all forces from Vietnam by_______________ – less than 20,000 troops

March 1973

______ falls in 1975, and Vietnam is united under the Communist government in Hanoi. A) Hue B) Da Nang C) Saigon D) Phan Thiet

C) Saigon (South Vietnam)

1968 Election Republican –

Richard Nixon

“Southern Strategy” –

ease federal enforcement of segregation

Democrat –

Hubert Humphrey

Results of the 1968 election...

Richard wins

New Federalism a

State government takes on a greater responsibility for federal programs

_________used to combat inflation A) Increasing the money supply B) Deficit Spending C) Decreasing taxes D) Loosening credit restrictions

B) Deficit Spending

OPEC means

organization of petroleum exporting companies

An embargo on the US led to the first energy crisis of the 1970s

This is a freebie ;)

Pursues a policy of détente –

easing tensions between the us and the soviets

What does the US plan to do with China in 72?

US plans to open relations with China in 1972

USSR - ______________________ treaty negotiated that aimed to ______________________________________________________. A) NATO, expand military alliances B) Versailles, end all future wars C) Kyoto Protocol, reduce greenhouse gas emissions D) Salt, places controls tops on the buildup of nuclear war

D) Salt, places controls tops on the buildup of nuclear war

Break-in at DNC HQ (goal)

Spy on democratic party to find some dirt and use it to win the election

WH pays hush money to burglars using

Creep funds

US v. Nixon (1974) what does the supreme court rule that Nixon must do...

Supreme court rules 8-0 and Nixon must turn in his recorded conversation tapes

The tapes reveal that Nixon....

Ordered a cover up of the water gate break in

Nixon resigns on

August 9, 1974

Avoids ____________________

Impeachment

___________________________ absolved Nixon of wrongdoing, cost Ford the 1976 election

.Ford pardons nixon

Americans view this ___________________________________________________.

As corrupt and lose faith in government

Ford combats ________________________________ (high unemployment, recession, and inflation).i. Ford is slow to act A) Stagflation B) Deflation C) Hyperinflation D) Economic boom

A) Stagflation

_________________________________ limits the President’s power to send troops overseas without congressional approval

War powers act

______________________ signed in 1975 – promote economic cooperation in Europe

Helinski Accords

1976 Election – Carter runs as ___________________________, biggest issue of the election is ___________. A) Experienced incumbent, Economic growth B) Military veteran, Foreign policy C) Washington outsider, Trust D) Fiscal conservative, Tax reform

C) Washington outsider, Trust

Carter's administration lacks _______________ and struggles to work with Congress

Experience

_________________________ continues due to the OPEC embargo

Energy crisis (Gas shortage)

___________________________ exposes the dangers of nuclear power in the US

TMI (Three mile island accident)

Iran Hostage Crisis was when...

52 American were held hostage for 444 days by Iranian revolutionaries

Due to the Iran Hostage Crisis....

Carter loses the reelection of 80 Further erodes American might around the globe

Effects – ________________ increased under Reagan because of increased ______________ spending (Cold War strategy). A) National debt,military B) Tax revenue, social program C) Trade surplus, educational D) Unemployment, infrastructure

A) National debt,military

SDI (“Star Wars”) was the...

missile defense system around the US to protect us from soviet air attacks

Reagan and Gorbachev Worked on ____________________________

arms reduction and easing tension

The USSR is _______________the US, and must modernize

Socially and politically behind

Communism fell in Europe during the Revolutions of

1989

USSR dissolves in ____________.

1991

___________________ wins the 1992 election, defeating Republican ________________________. A) George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton B) Ronald Reagan and Walter Mondale C) Jimmy Carter and Gerald Ford D) Bill Clinton and George HW Bush

D) Bill Clinton and George HW Bush

Focuses on _____________________________ in the first years with help from the First Lady. A) Tax cuts B) Space exploration C) Health care reform D) Environmental conservation

C) Health care reform

Major issues of the 1990s included...

Immigration (Mainly from Latin America and Asia) and Terrorism

September 11 Terror attacks –

On September 11, 2001, al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four planes, crashing two into the World Trade Center, one into the Pentagon, and one in a Pennsylvania field, killing nearly 3,000 people.

Consequences of this attack was...

Increase security measure The creation of the department of homeland security The US starts a war on terror

Final For Papa Griffs Flashcards

(145 cards)