Final: Konjufca

Question 1

airborne and sexually transmitted diseases

Answer 1

TB
MMR and varicella-zoster infection
flu
coronavirus
HIV/AIDS

Question 2

important for person-person transmission of many infectious diseases

Answer 2

aerosols

Question 3

most pathogens are effectively transmitted over ________ because they survive poorly in air

Answer 3

short distances

Question 4

pathogens colonize the respiratory tract at different levels

Answer 4

respiratory infection

Question 5

mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 5

TB

Question 6

mycobacterium leprae

Answer 6

Hansens disease

Question 7

includes all mycobacteria because of the waxy mycelia acid in their cell walls

Answer 7

acid-fast

Question 8

allows organisms to retain the red dye carbol-fuchsin

Answer 8

mycolic acid

Question 9

TB kills nearly how many people per year?
and infects what portion of world population

Answer 9

1.5 million
1/3

Question 10

hypersensitizes the patient to the bacteria and alters the individuals response to subsequent exposures; hypersensitivity is measured by a diagnostic skin test

Answer 10

primary infection

Question 11

chronic tb often results in a gradual spread of tubercular lesions in the lungs

Answer 11

post primary infection

Question 12

immune responses result in aggregates of activated Momega called

Answer 12

tubercles

Question 13

bacteria survive/grow within Momega in the tubercles forming

Answer 13

granulomas

Question 14

spread of tb is prevented by

Answer 14

hospitalization of patients in negative-pressure rooms
use of hospital masks for healthcare workers

Question 15

treatment of tb

Answer 15

antimicrobial therapy with isoniazid
9-month regimen affects synthesis of mycolic acid in mycobacteria
directly observed therapy

Question 16

serious viral diseases that have been controlled by vaccination

Answer 16

smallpox and rabies

Question 17

MMR vaccine

Answer 17

measles, mumps, rubella

Question 18

in susceptible children
acute, highly infectious, often epidemic disease
virus enters the nose and throat by airborne transmission leading to systemic viremia

Answer 18

measles

Question 19

nasal discharge and redness of eyes
fever
cough
characteristic rash

Answer 19

measles symptoms

Question 20

middle ear infection
pneumonia
measles encephalomyelitis

Answer 20

post infection complications of measles

Question 21

when was measles eliminated
when was the highest resent incidence

Answer 21

eliminated 2000
recent incidence 2019

Question 22

similar to measles, restricted to the upper torso but less contagious than measles

Answer 22

rubella

Question 23

rubella virus infects the fetus by placental transmission and cause serious fetal abnormalities including stillbirth, deafness, heart and eye defects and brain damage

Answer 23

congenital rubella syndrome

Question 24

highly infectious; inflammation of the salivary glands, typically the parotid gland, leading to swelling of the jaws and neck

Answer 24

mumps

Question 25

mumps spreads through the

Answer 25

bloodstream and can infect testes and pancreas

Question 26

mumps outbreaks in US

Answer 26

2006, 2016, and 2017

Question 27

highly infectious airbone disease 3 different viruses

Answer 27

influenza

Question 28

types of flu viruses

Answer 28

A, B, C

Question 29

surface glycoproteins that identify influenza A

Answer 29

hemagglutinin neuraminidase

Question 30

important for attaching the virus to host cells

Answer 30

HA antigen

Question 31

instrumental in releasing the virus from host cells

Answer 31

NA antigen