Final: repro

Question 1

Kernicterus

Answer 1

fetal hemolysis (bilirubin breakdown)= damaged/yellow brain tissue *think fetal hydrops* (anasarca due to blood incompatibility)

Question 2

Ground glass appearance (xray) and hyalinization (histo)

Answer 2

(granular infiltrates) + (hyaline membranes) collapsing alveoli = Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) can be associated with CMV

Question 3

Blue-dome appearance

Answer 3

bluish appearance on outside of cysts seen with fibrocystic changes

Question 4

Popcorn calcifications on mammography

Answer 4

classic description of fibroadenoma

Question 5

“Indian file” infiltration

Answer 5

invasion in single file lines seen in lobular carcinoma

Question 6

Signet Ring cells

Answer 6

large intracellular vacuole that pushes the nucleus to one side, giving the appearance of a ring with a stone on one side. Seen in lobular carcinoma

Question 7

Peau d’orange

Answer 7

Orange peel appearance of the breast seen in inflammatory carcinoma

Question 8

Moth eaten

Answer 8

Epidermis permeated by large round to ovoid cells that is seen with Paget’s disease of the breast

Question 9

Michaelis Gutmann bodies

Answer 9

dense round inclusions of the urinary tract seen in malacoplakia

Question 10

Reinke crystals

Answer 10

Intracytoplasmic rod-shaped crystals seen in Leydig cell tumors

Question 11

Schiller Duval bodies

Answer 11

perivascular structure that resembles a glomerulus, seen in yolk sac tumors

Question 12

Snowstorm appearance

Answer 12

hydatidiform moles

Question 13

“cluster of grapes”

Answer 13

hydatidiform moles

Question 14

Violin strings

Answer 14

Violin strings – Appearance of adhesions on the liver

from PID spreading to peritoneum

*Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome*

Question 15

Koliocytosis

Answer 15

Dark, large, irregular nucleus seen on cytology in cells infected with HPV

(sunny side up eggs)

Question 16

Chocolate cyst

Answer 16

Endometrial cyst of the ovary seen with endometriosis

Question 17

Triple negative cancer

Answer 17

Breast cancer cells that do not express ER, PR, or HER2/neu, difficult to target with therapy

Question 18

Leaf-like projections

Answer 18

Projections seen from Phyllodes tumors into the cysts

Question 19

String of pearls

Answer 19

numerous follicles in ovarys een on ultrasound

*polycystic ovarian syndrome*

Question 20

Clue cells

Answer 20

cells with stippled appearance:

Vaginal epithelial cells coated with gram-variable rods (Gardnerella vaginalis)

*BV*

Question 21

baby with Hutchinson’s teeth

Answer 21

Babies that have smaller, widely spaced teeth with notches

*congenital syphillis* TORCH infection

Question 22

Owl’s eye

Answer 22

nuclear inclusion body

(Multiple Concentric ovals around the nucleus)

*CMV*

Question 23

Fried egg appearance

Answer 23

Clear cytoplasm with round nucleus seen in seminoma

Question 24

perinatal infection that causes intranuclear inclusions in RBC precursors

Answer 24

parvo B19 virus *TORCH perinatal infections*

Question 25

gross image of lungs: Distended bronchioles due to mucus plugs

Answer 25

Cystic Fibrosis histo: atrophy and fibrosis

Question 26

pediatric disorder: “olive-like” abdominal mass

Answer 26

Pyloric stenosis

Question 27

pediatric disorder: Most common cause intestinal obstruction

Answer 27

Intussusception

Question 28

pediatric disorder: Vitelline duct remnant near ileocecal valve

Answer 28

Meckel diverticulum \*Rule of 2s - 2% of the population - Within 2 feet of the ileocecal valve - Approximately 2 inches long - 2 times as common in males - Usually symptomatic by age 2

Question 29

pediatric disorder: “boot-shaped” heart + cyanosis

Answer 29

Tetralogy of Fallot 4 components: 1) VSD 2) Subpulmonic stenosis 3) RVH 4) Overriding aorta

Question 30

pediatric disorder: Failure to pass meconium

Answer 30

Hirschsprung disease: Distal intestine lacks ganglion cells \*a/w: Down syndrome

Question 31

neonate disorder: respiratory distress + greenish staining of placenta & baby

Answer 31

intrauterine meconium aspiration

Question 32

Histo: Rosenthal fibers

Answer 32

astrocytes with thick eosinophilic processes \*pilocytic Astrocytoma\* (benign CNS tumor)

Question 33

“Blueberry Muffin Baby”

Answer 33

Blue purpura (cutaneous extramedullary hematopoiesis) this test think: \*neuroblastoma\* (children with rapidly enlarging abdominal mass) OR \*Rubella\* (perinatal TORCH infection)

Question 34

pediatric disorder: raccoon eyes

Answer 34

orbital mets \*Neuroblastoma\* childhood malignancy

Question 35

"tree-bark" aorta

Answer 35

aorta damage from 3\* syphilis

Question 36

Argyll-Robertson or prostitute pupils

Answer 36

pupils react to accomodation, but not to light seen in 3\* syphilis

Question 37

baby with "saber shins and saddle nose"

Answer 37

congenital syphilis

Question 38

baby with mulberry molars

Answer 38

poorly formed, rounded molars \*congenital syphilis\*

Question 39

culture and gram stain shows: "school of fish" appearance

Answer 39

chains of bacilli between mucus, characteristic of Haemophilus ducreyi infection \*STD: Chancroid\*

Question 40

10%KOH and gram staim stain show "budding spores or hyphae"

Answer 40

Yeast Infection/ Candidiasis/ Candida vaginitis

Question 41

girl with vaginal discharge: Thin/frothy gray/white

Answer 41

Bacterial Vaginosis

Question 42

girl with vaginal discharge: Thick/cudy white and itchy/red vaginia

Answer 42

Yeast Infection/ Candidiasis/ Candida vaginitis

Question 43

girl with green/yellow vaginal discharge & wet mount shows "motile protozoans"

Answer 43

Trichomonas vaginalis (STD)

Question 44

diagnosis for neonate with (high pitched cry , bulging fontanel, metabolic acidosis, "100 yard stare")

Answer 44

bacterial meningitis (commonly grp B strep)

Question 45

strawberry cervix

Answer 45

Trichomoniasis (STD)

Question 46

lesion looks like "dew drops on a rose petal"

Answer 46

vesicles of several peri-natal Herpes viruses \*heroes simplex 1/2\* \*varacella-zoster (chicken pox)\*

Question 47

Cowdry Bodies

Answer 47

large eosinophilic nuclear inclusions composed of nucleic acid and protein cells infected with \*herpes viruses\* \*HSV and VZV\* (Not oval and perinuclear space is enlarged without the concentric ovals)