Final Review Flashcards
Flashcards for the Israel studies final. PLEASE tell me if anything here is incorrect. (158 cards)
1
Q
1750 BCE (approximately) was the time of:
A
matriarchs and patriarchs
2
Q
1000 BCE- United monarchy under
A
King David
3
Q
721 BCE
A
Assyrians conquered the Northern tribes
4
Q
What did the Northern tribes become after they were conquered by the Assyrians?
A
10 lost tribes
5
Q
586 BCE
A
Babylonians conquered Jerusalem and Judah
6
Q
When were the Jews allowed back into Jerusalem and Judah after being conquered by the Babylonians?
A
538
7
Q
Who let the Jews back into Jerusalem and Judah?
A
Cyrus
8
Q
Cyrus, king of —–
A
Persia
9
Q
Who conquered the middle east (including Israel) in 322 BCE?
A
Alexander
10
Q
When did the maccabean revolt start?
A
164 BCE
11
Q
142 BCE
A
Yehuda is independent
12
Q
70 BCE
A
Romans conquer Yehuda
13
Q
Masada year
A
73 CE
14
Q
131-135 CE
A
Bar Kochba revolt
15
Q
style of fighting used by Bar Kochba and Maccabee fighters
A
guerilla warfare
16
Q
200 CE: Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi does what?
A
Publishes the mishnah
17
Q
Who published the mishnah
A
Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi
18
Q
600 CE
A
Talmud is closed
19
Q
1492 CE
A
Jews expelled from Spain
20
Q
Kabbalah years
A
1500s
21
Q
Chmielnitzki massacres
A
Against Jews in Poland and Ukraine, 1648-1651
22
Q
1700
A
Start of Enlightenment period
23
Q
What did the enlightenment do for Jews?
A
Natural rights of man includes Jews
24
Q
Rise of Hasidism in Poland year
A
1750
25
Rise of Reform Judaism in Germany year
1800
26
1881 Pogroms in ---- led to ----
Russia, 1st Aliya
27
1903-1905 ----- Pogroms led to ----
Kishinev, 2nd Aliya
28
1916- what agreement between Britain and France
Sykes-Picot
29
1917- Statement of British support for national home for Jewish people in Palestine, called -----
Balfour Declaration
30
January 1942
Wannsee conference
31
Wannsee Conference
Nazis decide on final solution
32
June 1941
Germany attacks Russia
33
End of WWII year
1945
34
November 29, 1947
UNSCOP Plan accepted by UN
35
May 14, 1948
Israel independent
36
1960
Adolf Eichmann brought to Israel for trial
37
Adolf Eichmann
engineered final solution
38
3 regalim
pesach, shavuot, sukkot
39
sinat chinam
causeless hatred
40
Via Maris and Kings highway were:
trade routes through Yisrael, did not go through Yehuda
41
Hellenism
Polytheism, sex, love, beauty, sports, education, urban society, social, arts, fun
42
Herod
Roman king of Judea, beautified Jerusalem
43
Pharisees
Strict observance
44
Sadducees
Wealthy upper class, no oral law
45
Essenes
Remote, pure
46
Zealots
Wanted freedom, opposed Romans
47
Jesus lived during the ---- period
Second temple
48
Exile vs Diaspora
People in exile want to be in Israel + feel like Israel is home, while people in the diaspora do not feel connected to Israel
49
1st Aliya
Jews had to learn farming, got money from Rothschild family
50
2nd Aliya
Young, passionate group, thought of themselves as pioneers
51
3 types of modern antisemitism
Volk theory, Conspiracy antisemitism, Social/Pseudo/Neo Darwinism
52
Volk theory antisemitism
Jews, especially assimilated Jews, are a threat to a country
53
Conspiracy antisemitism
Protocols of the Elders of Zion, Jews control the world
54
Social/Pseudo/Neo Darwinism antisemitism
People evolved into superior and inferior forms, Aryans are superior, Jews are inferior
55
Treaty of Versailles impact on Germany
$32 billion in reparations, army reduced to 100,000 men w/out officer corps, Danzig corridor goes to Poland, Weimar republic formed, bad economy
56
Mein Kampf
"My Struggle", written by Hitler while in jail, he saw himself on a crusade to free Europe from Jewish influence
57
Ribbentrop-Molotov pact
Nonagression pact between Germany and USSR
58
Nuremberg laws
Defined who is Jewish in Nazi Germany, and limited their rights, no intermarriage
59
Evian conference
Organized by FDR, Nazis trying to see who would take the Jews, learned that no one would, so they could exterminate
60
SS
Hitler's private army, took oath to Hitler, not Germany
61
Heimrich Himmler
led SS
62
Operation Barbarossa
Nazis in Russia
63
Einsatzgruppen
SS execution squads, killed estimated 1.5 million Jews, dug their own graves in forests
64
Aliya Bet
Not second aliya, alternative, secret, trying to sneak past British blockade, just before Shoah
65
3 reasons for Arab riots
Jewish immigration, Jewish land purchases, political uncertainty
66
Ubermensch
Superman, Nietzsche's idea, Nazis wanted to breed an ubermensch
67
Nazi operation to invade Russia
Operation Barbarossa
68
Operation Barbarossa year
1941
69
Labor Zionist thinker
AD Gordon
70
The Irgun, Haganah, and Stern Gang (Lehi) were all ----
Underground military groups
71
Kastel
Hill on road to Jerusalem, convoys to Jerusalem were attacked from Kastel when it was under Arab control
72
Operation ---- took the Kastel
Nachson
73
Operation Nachshon- what group fought?
Palmach
74
Who claims the right of return?
Palestinian refugees
75
What do the Arabs call the War of Independence?
Nakba (catastrophe)
76
Which Arab leader died in the War of Independence?
Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni
77
Palestine is called Palestine- why?
Named Palestine around 135 CE by the Romans, after the Philistines who lived here
78
Which organization deals with non-Palestinian refugees and has done so since WWII?
HCR- Higher Committee On Refugees
79
Which organization deals with only Palestinian refugees?
UNRWA- UN Refugee Works Agency
80
Differences between rights Palestinian refugees and other refugees have
Palestinian refugees have right of return recognized, Palestinian refugees pass refugee status onto children, Palestinian refugees get the most funding out of all refugee groups
81
Sinai campaign year
1956
82
Land Day
commemoration for Arabs of land taken by Israeli government for emminent domain (to set up an army base) and then sold to Jews quickly after it was taken
83
What do Jews call the Independence War?
Tashach
84
Date Israel declared independence
May 14, 1948
85
Mickey Marcus
American Jew, made new way to Jerusalem
86
Altalena
Ship, IDF shot at Irgun, sinat chinam
87
3 stages to the end of a war
1- Ceasefire
2- Armistice
3- Peace Treaty
88
1949 End of war
Ceasefire and armistice, but no peace treaty
89
King Abdullah of Jordan is a/n (ethnic/cultural) Arab
Ethnic (from Arabia)
90
The people in Jordan are (ethnic/cultural) Arabs
Cultural
91
How does the Israeli left wing view the conflict with Palestinians?
Territorial, can be solved through land for peace
92
How does the Israeli right wing view the conflict with Palestinians?
Ideological, Palestinians will never accept a Jewish state
93
How many Jews were expelled from Arab lands in the years following the War of Independence (1948-1952)?
800,000-850,000
94
Ma'abarot
Refugee camps for the Jews expelled from Arab lands after War of Independence
95
The West Bank is the West Bank of what?
The Jordan river
96
Six day war year
1967
97
Six day war victor
Israel
98
Khartoum Resolution
Between Arab Nations, no peace with Israel, no recognition of Israel, no negotiation with Israel
99
1973 War other name (what Jewish holiday?)
Yom Kippur
100
2 political movements after 1973 war
Shalom Achshav, Gush Emunim
101
Shalom Achshav
wanted peace
102
Gush Emunim
Jews need to use the land they win
103
French Revolution year
1789
104
When did John Locke live?
1632-1704
105
First crusade year
1096
106
First Zionist Congress year
1897
107
First Zionist Congress location
Basle, Switzerland
108
Dreyfus trial year
1894
109
Kishinev pogroms year
1903
110
First wave of pogroms in Russia year
1881
111
Who financed the 1st aliya
Baron Edmund De Rothschild
112
Chaim Weizmann
German/British chemist/Zionist
113
Moses Mendelssohn
German enlightenment Jew
114
Hitler comes to power year
1933
115
WWI years
1914-1918
116
Start of British Mandate year
1920
117
Dreyfus trial
Antisemitic trial of Captain Alfred Dreyfus, convicted of treason, antisemitism in French society became clear
118
To save Jews, we have to establish a Jewish state thinker
Herzl
119
Jews move to Israel and bond and bring the messiah thinker
Rabbi Kook
120
A sick people will return to a sick land and cure both thinker
AD Gordon
121
A cultural center in Israel will stop assimilation thinker
Ahad Ha-Am
122
We must fight for a Jewish state to protect all Jews thinker
Jabotinski
123
Nuremberg laws go into effect year
1935
124
Evian conference year
1938
125
Year WWII started
1939
126
Wannsee conference year
1942
127
End of WWII year
1945
128
Major terms of British Mandate for Palestine
Maintain territorial unity of Palestine, fufill terms of Balfour declaration
129
McMahon Letter
Promised control of Middle East to Arabs
130
The Balfour declaration allowed for a ----- homeland in Palestine
Jewish
131
Skyes-Picot Agreement
French and British will share the middle east
132
Before WWI, who governed Palestine?
Ottoman empire
133
Wannsee conference goal
Develop final solution
134
When did the West find out about the Shoah?
1942
135
2 revolutionary events of 1977
Anwar Sadat visited Jerusalem, Menachem Begin elected Prime Minister
136
Camp David Accords year
1979
137
First Intifada year
1988-1992
138
Islamic revolution in Iran year
1979
139
First Oslo Accords signed year
1993
140
Oslo II signed year
September 1995
141
2nd Intifada year
October 2000
142
Disengagement from Gaza year
Summer 2005
143
When did Israel withdraw from Lebanon?
May 2000
144
When was Rabin assassinated?
November 1995
145
Who did Israel conquer the Golan Heights from in the Six Day War?
Syria
146
Who did Israel conquer the West Bank from in the Six Day War?
Jordan
147
Who did Israel conquer Sinai and Gaza from in the Six Day War?
Egypt
148
Who are the Oslo Accords between?
Israel and PLO
149
Who are the Camp David Accords between?
Israel and Egypt
150
Mukawama
A war of attrition
151
Arab minority that serves in Israeli army
Druze
152
Current leader of Palestinian authority
Mahmoud Abbas
153
First Prime Minister of Israel
David Ben Gurion
154
Areas A
Complete Palestinian control
155
Areas B
PA civil control, Israeli security
156
Areas C
Full Israeli control
157
Shalom Achshav
Peace now
158
Gush Emunim
We need to use land we won
