Final Review

Question 1

Perfect happiness (summa theologica)

Answer 1

received in God alone in the afterlife

Question 2

Imperfect happiness (suuma theologica)

Answer 2

through hope an attainment of the afterlife and through a direct but imperfect enjoyment of the good in this life in a limited way

Question 3

Charity (suuma theologica)

Answer 3

a kind of friendship with well wishing-loving another for their own good

Question 4

Love (suuma theologica)

Answer 4

a deep desire for the good of the good of the other rooted in mutual connection

Question 5

Virtue (suuma theologica)

Answer 5

a rationally ordered state of the soul

Question 6

Object(s) of charity (suuma theologica)

Answer 6

We love God in charity, but we love other people as well, we love them in God because they belong to God and they are properly ordered to God

Question 7

Justice according to Ploymarchus (Republic)

Answer 7

justice is rendering each person what they are owed

Question 8

Justice according to Thrasymachus

Answer 8

justice is the advantage of the stronger

Question 9

Three types of goods (Republic)

Answer 9

1. Some goods we desire for their sake (joy)
2. Some goods we desire for their sake and for the sake of their consequences (health)
3. Some goods we desire for the sake of the consequences in spite of unpleasantness of thing itself (exercise)

Question 10

Ring of Gyges (Republic)

Answer 10

a ring that renders a person invisible

Question 11

Guardians (Republic)

Answer 11

protect the city and are fierce with its enemies; properly trained with stories that represent the gods as they are and present a proper message about what is good; encouraged and educated to orient themselves and others to the true and beautiful

Question 12

“Noble Lie” / Myth of the Metals (Republic)

Answer 12

metals are all from the same source, and are brothers
Gold – Rulers
Silver – Guardians
Iron & Broze - producers

Question 13

Allegory of the Cave (Republic)

Answer 13

people are chained in a cave and see only the reflections on the wall in front of them but, do not know that they are reflections, one of the prisoners breaks free and discovers the light from the project then the light from the sun.
This represents three levels of knowledge: seeing the images casted by sources of light that are imitations of the sun, seeing images that are imperfectly or indirectly lit by the sun, seeing the sun and direct illuminations from the sun
The people who are released go through a process of education from first encountering projections and “real” object, then actual real object because of sunlight then the sun

Question 14

Education

Answer 14

Meant to get people as far out of the cave as possible but, realizing the certain people can only go so far; about reorienting people towards knowledge of the real and eventually the good

Question 15

The good (Republic)

Answer 15

for people of the city but not the people of the cave; some sacrifice may be required but people are raised in the sacrifice, everyone has a distinct role and the polis is like the soul of the person

Question 16

Kaliopolis (Republic)

Answer 16

ideal polis

Question 17

Timocracy (Republic)

Answer 17

souls driven by honor

Question 18

Oligarchy (Republic)

Answer 18

souls driven by necessary appetites (wealth & power)

Question 19

Democracy

Answer 19

souls driven by unnecessary appetites (luxury items)

Question 20

Tyranny (Republic)

Answer 20

souls driven by unlawful appetites (lust)

Question 21

Sisyphus (Camus)

Answer 21

He is condemned to roll a rock up a hill again and again as his punishment; internal vs. external conflict

Question 22

Rieux (The Plague)

Answer 22

physician, narrator of the plague, treats patients with the plague as it continues mainly just diagnoses patients with the plague, committed to the truth, focused on the need for preventative measures

Question 23

Tarrou (The Plague)

Answer 23

visitor from out of town, journal keeper

Question 24

Grand (The Plague)

Answer 24

clerk, writer

Question 25

Cottard (The Plague)

Answer 25

attempts to take his own life, criminal and plague postpones him going to jail

Question 26

Asthma patient (The Plague)

Answer 26

gets the plague and survives

Question 27

Othon (The Plague)

Answer 27

magistrate, represents “officialdom”

Question 28

Othon's son (The Plague)

Answer 28

dies a slow and painful death to the plague after receiving “serum” to possibly help him due to how far gone he already was

Question 29

Richard (The Plague)

Answer 29

chairman of the medical association in Oran, does not want to scare the public and wants to see what happens with the plague

Question 30

Paneloux (The Plague)

Answer 30

priest, works in the sanitary squads, has two sermons during the plague

Question 31

Plague (The Plague)

Answer 31

transmitted by rats

Question 32

Mass burials (The Plague)

Answer 32

people who have died from the plague are buried together due to how rapidly people are dying, dehumanizes the people who have passed away

Question 33

Sanitary squads (The Plague)

Answer 33

formed because “offficaldom” could not keep up with the plague, clean rats up off the streets, dangerous and difficult work, volunteers only, work against a relentless enemy that cannot be stopped

Question 34

Paneloux's homilies (The Plague)

Answer 34

says that the plague is a punishment from God, as the plague continues says that it is a test of faith

Question 35

Oran (The Plague)

Answer 35

located on the coast of north Africa, a colonial French town, layout is absurd, people are concerned with commerce chiefly and cultivating habits

Question 36

Closing the town (The Plague)

Answer 36

quarantine the town to prevent the spread of the plague to other towns, takes away peoples preoccupations and distractions, they have no commerce to transact and nothing to look forward to

Question 37

"separated lovers" (The Plague)

Answer 37

people whos lovers are outside of Oran during their quarantine, originally envied due to their distraction, by the high point of the plague they no longer think of their lovers

Question 38

"Officaldom" (The Plague)

Answer 38

refers to the government officials in Oran

Question 39

Monarchy (Wood & de Tocqueville)

Answer 39

expects and requires less virtue of subject, communities held together by tribal and family ties and fear, based on dependence and subservience

Question 40

Republicanism (Wood & de Tocqueville)

Answer 40

requires more virtue of citizens, communities held together by a common commitment to the public good

Question 41

Disinterestedness (Wood & de Tocqueville)

Answer 41

not influenced by private practice

Question 42

Self-interest well understood (de Tocqueville)

Answer 42

if this understanding was more widespread, both extraordinary virtue and extraordinary depravity would be less common

Question 43

Public virtues/positive liberty (de Tocqueville)

Answer 43

freedom for(governing), participation in governing, disinterestedness

Question 44

Private virtue/negative liberty

Answer 44

freedom from (interference); prudence, frugality; preserved by public virtue

Question 45

Utility Friendship (Nicomachean Ethics)

Answer 45

friendship based on utility and its usefulness (like to work on schoolwork together)

Question 46

Pleasure friendship

Answer 46

friendship that brings happiness to one another

Question 47

True friendship

Answer 47

friendship of those who wish for the highest good for each other

Question 48

Self-love (Nicomachean Ethics)

Answer 48

1. Wishing and doing the good for yourself 2. Self-preservation 3. Enjoys own company 4. Chooses the good easily 5. Shares good and bad times with self but, they’re all good really

Question 49

Well-wishing

Answer 49

wishing good for your friends

Question 50

Friendship and the state

Answer 50

friendship supports and strengthens the state

Question 51

Friendship among unequals

Answer 51

affections given should be proportionate to the honor due to the person in question; differ depending on the goods being pursued; friendship between gods and human beings is the most unequal