final review Flashcards
(139 cards)
1
Q
carcin/o
A
cancer, cancerous
2
Q
cyst/o
A
cyst, urinary bladder, sac of fluid
3
Q
enter/o
A
intestines (usually small intestine)
4
Q
gnos/o
A
knowledge
5
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
6
Q
-algia
A
pain
7
Q
suffixes meaning pertaining to
A
-al, -ar, -ac, -an, -ary, -iac, -ic, -ical, -ior, -tic, -tory, -ous, -eal
8
Q
-scopy
A
visual examination
9
Q
Dia-
A
complete, through
10
Q
Retro-
A
behind, back, backward
11
Q
adip/o
A
fat
12
Q
dors/o
A
back (of body)
13
Q
hist/o
A
tissue
14
Q
proxim/o
A
near
15
Q
Meta-
A
change, beyond
16
Q
-type
A
classification, picture
17
Q
mast/o
A
breast
18
Q
rhin/o
A
nose
19
Q
-cyte
A
cell
20
Q
-graph
A
instrument for recording
21
Q
-megaly
A
enlargment
22
Q
-plasia
A
development, formation, growth
23
Q
-ist
A
specialist
24
Q
A-, An-
A
no, not, without
25
Brady-
slow
26
Dys-
painful, bad, difficult, abnormal
27
Hypo-
deficient, below, under, less than normal
28
Pro-
before, forward
29
Tachy-
fast
30
ather/o
plaque (fatty substance)
31
coron/o
heart
32
sphygm/o
pulse
33
vas/o
vessel, duct, vas defrens
34
capn/o
carbon dioxide
35
phon/o
voice, sound
36
spir/o
to breathe
37
-osmia
smell
38
coagual/o
coagulation (clotting)
39
kary/o
nucleus
40
myel/o
bone marrow
41
-blast
immature cell
42
-poiesis
formation
43
tox/o
poison
44
oste/o
bone
45
-malacia
softening
46
chondr/o
cartilage
47
-stenosis
tightening
48
sarc/o
flesh
49
Ab-
away from
50
iatrogenic
pertaining to produced by a treatment or procedure
51
electroencephalogram
record of the electricity in the brain
52
incision
process of cutting into the body
53
pathology
study of disease
54
biopsy
process of removing a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination
55
autopsy
examination of a body after death to determine the cause of death
56
ophthalmoscopy
visual examination of the interior of the eye
57
ACL
Anterior cruciate ligamentis is one of the key ligaments that help stabilize the knee joint. The ACL connects the thighbone (femur) to the shinbone (tibia).
58
ophthalmoscope
instrument to visually examine the eyes
59
subrenal
pertaining to below the kidney
60
transdermal
the application of a medicine or drug through the skin
61
transhepatic
pertaining to through or across the liver
62
subhepatic
pertaining to below the liver
63
anabolism
process of building up proteins in cells
64
phagocytosis
the process by which white blood cells, known as phagocytes, engulf and digest cells - thereby destroying them.
65
catabolism
process of breaking down complex nutrients to simpler substances (energy is released to do the work of the cells)
66
sonogram
image of sound waves as they bounce off organs in the body (echogram or ultrasound)
67
karyotype
picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell
68
peritoneum memberane
double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity
69
esophagus
tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach
70
pleural cavity
space between the layers of the pleura
71
mediastinum
centrally located space outside of and between the lungs in the thoracic cavity
72
viscera
internal organs
73
supine
lying on the back (face up, palms up)
74
prone
lying on the belly (face down, palms down)
75
distal
far from the point of attachment
76
coronal plane
vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior (front and back)
77
transverse plane
horizontal plane running across the body or structure parallel to the ground
78
frontal plane
also known as coronal, vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior planes
79
sagittal
lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body or structure into left and right sides
80
sciatica
pain or inflammation along the course of the sciatica nerve (runs down the leg)
81
inguinal hernia
a small loop of the bowel protrudes through the weakened lower abdominal muscle
82
hiatal hernia
protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach into the chest through the opening of the diaphragm
83
cystocele
hernia of the urinary bladder
84
trachectomy
removal of the trachea (windpipe)
85
pharyngotomy
surgical incision into the pharynx (throat)
86
laryngectomy
removal of the larynx (voice box)
87
intercostal
pertaining to between the ribs
88
infracostal
pertaining to below the ribs
89
apnea
without breathing
90
syndrome
signs and symptoms that occur together indicating a particular condition or disorder
91
prodrome
sign or symptom that appears before the onset of a more serious illness (like a fever that signals a virus)
92
hypoglycemia
low/deficient levels of sugar in blood
93
hyperglycemia
high levels of sugar in the bloodstream, associated with diabetes
94
glycosuria
sugar in the urine
95
pulmonary artery
blood vessel carrying oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle of the heart into the lungs
96
pulmonary vein
blood vessels carrying oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium from the lungs
97
aorta
largest artery in the body
98
septal
a thin part dividing tissues or spaces in an organ such as the nose or heart
99
systole
contraction phase of the heartbeat
100
diastole
the relaxation phase of the heartbeat
101
cyanosis
abnormal condition of bluish color of the skin
102
phlebotomy
incision of a vein
103
alveoli
individualized section of an air sac in the lung
104
prothrombin time
test of the ability of blood to clot
105
bronchi
branch of the trachea that leads toward the air sacs of the lung
106
lymphocyte
type of white blood cell found in lymph nodes and blood (part of the immune system that fights disease
107
eosinophil
leukocyte containing dark granules that stain rosy with eosin (associated with allergic reactions)
108
neutrophil
leukocyte containing dark staining granules and protecting the body from infection (most present type of white blood cell)
109
basophil
leukocyte containing granules that stain blue (associated with the release of histamine and heparin)
110
antibodies/antibody
a blood protein produced in response to foreign substances (antigens) in the blood
111
antigen
foreign substance or toxin (poison) that stimulates the production of antibodies (evokes an immune response)
112
hematopoietic stem cell
cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells (can develop into all types of blood cells)
113
myeloid
relating to bone marrow and the growth of cells originating in the bone marrow
114
phagocytic
pertaining to a cell that engulfs another cell or foreign cell organism and destroys it
115
cancellous bone
spongy, porous bone tissue in the inner part of the bone
116
compact bone
hard, dense bone tissue, forming the outer portions of bones
117
hematocrit
the % of red blood cells in a given volume of blood
118
fissure
groove or crack-like sore
119
foramen
A passage, opening or communication between two cavities or a hole in a bone
120
bones of the face
nasal bones (2), palatine bones (2), lacrymal bones (2), zygomatic bones (2), maxilla bones (2), inferior nasal conchae (2), vomer bone and mandible (1).
121
parts of a long bone
1.)**Epiphysis**
2.)**Diaphysis**
3.)Articular cartilage
4.)Spongy bone
5.)Medullary cavity
6.)Endosteum
7.)Periosteum
122
Bones of the arms
the upper arm bone (humerus) and two forearm bones (the ulna and the radius)
123
Osteomyelitis
inflammation of bone and bone marrow secondary (following) to infection
124
HIV/AIDs
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system. If HIV is not treated, it can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). There is currently no effective cure. Once people get HIV, they have it for life. **interferes with the bodies ability to fight infection**
125
comminuted fracture
a bone that is broken in at least two places
126
greenstick fracture
A bone cracks on one side only, not all the way through the bone (It is called a "greenstick" fracture because it can look like a branch that has broken and splintered on one side)
127
arthroplasty
surgical repair of a joint (like a total hip replacement or a total knee replacement)
128
atrophy
decrease in size of normally developed organs or tissue of the body
129
arthroscopy
visual examination fo the inside of joint with an endoscope
130
periumbilical
The region of the body that surrounds the umbilicus
131
epigastric
pertaining to above or upon the stomach
132
coccygeal
pertaining to the tailbone or coccyx
133
Pneumococcal
any infection caused by bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae, or pneumococcus
134
Bronchitis
a condition that develops when the airways in the lungs, called bronchial tubes, become inflamed and cause coughing, often with mucus production (inflammation of the bronchial tubes)
135
Contraindicated
factor that indicates against the administration of a drug or procedure in the care of a patient (not to take a certain medical treatment due to the harm that it would cause the patient)
136
Precancerous
pertaining to occuring before a malignant condition
137
Auscultation
listening to sounds in the chest and abdomen using a stethoscope
138
Lipids
fatty compounds that perform a variety of functions in your body
139
PFTs
Pulmonary function tests - tests that measure the ventilation (breathing) mechanics of the lung
