FINAL REVIEW Flashcards
1
Q
What is the preferred IM site for ferrets?
A
Semimembranous or quadriceps
2
Q
What is the preferred site for IP injections in ferrets?
A
Lower abdomen
3
Q
What is the normal temperature range in a ferret?
A
100-104
4
Q
What is the normal heart rate in ferrets?
A
180-250
5
Q
What is gestation length in a ferret?
A
41-44 days
6
Q
What is the natural breeding season for ferrets?
A
March - August
7
Q
What is the preferred venipuncture site in ferrets?
A
Cranial vena cava
8
Q
What is the best way to obtain urine from a ferret?
A
Cysto under anesthesia
9
Q
What type of tube is used to intubate ferrets?
A
Uncuffed
10
Q
What disease in ferrets are caused by parvovirus?
A
Aleutian disease
11
Q
What is the most serious bacterial disease in ferrets?
A
Desulfovibrio
12
Q
What is the causitive agent for proliferative bowl disease in ferrets?
A
Desulfovibrio (campylobacter-like bacteria)
13
Q
What is the normal temperature for guinea pigs?
A
99-103.1
14
Q
What is the normal heart rate for a guinea pig?
A
240-310
15
Q
What is the gestation length for guinea pigs?
A
57-72 days
16
Q
Where is the thymus located on guinea pigs?
A
SQ on either side of trachea
17
Q
What type of uterus do guinea pigs have?
A
Bicornuate uterus, each horn has its own cervix
18
Q
What is the most common bacterial disease of guinea pigs?
A
Pnuemonia
19
Q
What antibiotic is toxic to guinea pigs?
A
Streptomycin
20
Q
What type of bacteria are guinea pigs sensitive to?
A
Gram +
21
Q
What antibiotics are less sensitive to guinea pigs?
A
Chloramphenicol, sulfas and tetracycline
22
Q
What is the normal temperature for hamsters?
A
98.6-100.4
23
Q
What is the normal heart rate for hamsters?
A
150-600
24
Q
What is the gestation length for hamsters?
A
15-16 days
25
Paired sebaceous glands found in the skin over the flanks
Costovertebral glands
26
Hamster stomachs are divided into what two compartments?
Nonglandular forestomach
Glandular hindstomach
27
What is the most common disease in hamsters?
Proliferitive ileitis
28
What viral disease can be transmitted from hamsters to humans?
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis
29
What is the most common cause of death in aged hamsters?
Amyloidosis
30
Are gerbils or hamsters nocturnal?
Hamsters are nocturnal, gerbils are not
31
What disease in gerbils is associated with staph, also known as stress induced chromodacryorrhea?
Nasal Dermatitis or red nose
32
What organs do snakes lack?
Eyelids, external ear openings and urinary bladder
33
How often are snakes fed?
Once every 1-2 weeks
34
How often do snakes and lizards shed their skin?
4-8 times a year
35
Metabolic Bone disease is most common in what reptiles?
Young, rapidly growing reptiles
36
Metabolic bone disease is more commonly seen in what reptile species?
Iguanas
37
Infectious or Ulcerative stomatitis is also known as what?
Mouth rot
38
What is the first sign of blister disease in reptiles?
Pink-ish red ventral scales
39
Disease in reptiles most associated with filthy living conditions
Blister disease
40
Where should injections be given in reptiles?
Cranial half of the animal (epaxial and forelimb muslces)
41
It is imperative to refrain from giving nephrotoxic drugs where in reptiles?
Caudal third of the body
42
Are liquids or tablets preferred oral medications for reptiles?
Liquids
43
Where can blood sampling be taken for a snake?
Caudal or coccygeal vein of the tail, cardiocentesis, ventral abdominal vein, palatine vein
44
Where are the blood sampling sites for lizards?
Caudal tail vein, cardiocentesis, ventral abdominal vein; small lizards- peribulbar & retrobulbar plexuses
45
Where are the blood sampling sites for turtles?
Large jugular vein; large turtles & tortoises- occipital sinus or caudal tail vein
46
What third radiographic view should be taken for turtles?
Frontal or rostral view of lung fields
47
What amphibians are notorious for impactions or gastric overload?
Horned frogs
48
What causes red leg syndrome?
Multiple bacteria or abundance of one
49
Ventral and digital erythema are indicative of what disease in amphibians?
Red leg syndrome
50
Disease of the integumentary system due to dermal wounds?
Mycobacterium
51
What temperature should food be when tube fed to birds?
Lower temperatures than the bird
Food should be between 98-101 if the bird is 102-104
52
What is the most common place for blood feather breakage?
On the wing
53
What is the only acceptable method for NHP euthanasia?
Injectable barbituate overdose
54
What are the acceptable euthanasia methods for fish and amphibians?
Tricane methanesulfonate and Benzocaine
55
What species is the only member of the genus Oryctolagus?
Domestic rabbit
56
What type of dentition do rabbits have?
Hypsodont
57
Rabbits have a second pair of upper incisors known as what?
Peg teeth or wolf teeth
58
What is the normal body temp for a rabbit?
101.3-104
59
What is the first animal model of artherosclerosis?
Rabbits
60
Pasteurella multicoda, ie. torticollis, is also known as what in rabbits?
Wry Neck
61
Pasteurellosis in rabbits is causitive to what disease in rabbits?
Snuffles
62
What is the causitive agent for Tyzzer's disease in rabbits?
B. piliformis
63
What is the most common form of mastitis in rabbits?
Staphylococcus
64
Transplantally transmitted disease in rabbits also known as Vent Disease or Spirochetosis?
Treponematosis
65
Francisella tularensis is also known as what in rabbits?
Rabbit fever or Tularemia
66
How is Tularemia transmitted in rabbits?
Bites or direct contact
67
California brush rabbits are the reservoir for what disease?
Myxomatosis
68
What disease in rabbits is typically seen in rabbits older than 2 months of age?
Myxomatosis
69
What Rotavirus is normally seen in rabbits?
Type A
70
Rotavirus is secondary to what?
E. coli and Clostridium
71
What viral disease in rabbits is believed to be caused by parvovirus or calcivirus?
Viral hemorrhagic disease
72
What is the most common ringworm in rabbits?
Tricophyton mentagrophytes
73
What nematode in rabbits is responsible for Visceral Larval Migrans?
Baylisascaris procynosis
74
Passalurus ambiguus is responsible for what in rabbits?
Pinworm
75
Hereditary condition seen in NZW, presents with corneal opacity and ulceration
Bupthalmia
76
Husbandry disease of rabbits resulting from ingested hair during normal grooming
Trichobezoars
77
What medications should never be used in rabbits?
PLACE and Fipronil
(Penicillin, Lincomycin, Amoxicillin, Cephalosporin, Erythromycin)
78
Where are male bird testes located?
Between lungs and kidneys
79
What ovary is functional in birds?
Left
80
What avian disease is zoonotic and may cause Psittacosis in humans?
Avian Chlamydiosis
81
Avian disease that is a nonenveloped virus that primarily infects young birds and causes acute death in psittacines
Polyomavirus (Budgerigar Fledgling disease) BFD
82
Upon necropsy of an avian intracellular inclusion bodies are indicative of what disease?
Polyomavirus
83
What drugs should never be given to avians via injection to the legs?
Nephrotoxic drugs (Aminoglycosides)
84
What jugular vein is preferred in avians for blood draw?
Right jugular
85
Crop wash permits what in avians?
Exam of upper GI tract
86
Rostral coanal culture is used for what in avians?
URI
87
What is the most primitive NHP?
Prosimii
88
What NHP do not typically have prehensile tails?
New World Primates
89
What NHP have prehensile tails?
Old World Primates
90
Nasal orifices are relatively close together and open downward in what primates?
Old World Primates
91
Cheek pouches are always absent in what primates?
New World Primates
92
Ischial callosities are absent in which primates?
New World Primates
93
How many teeth do OWP have?
32
94
How many teeth do NWP have?
36
95
What primates have flat skulls with prominent brow ridges, narrow nasal septa and elongated nares?
OWPs
96
What primates have round skulls with no brow ridges, broad nasal septum and oval nares?
NWPs
97
How much later do male primates mature than females?
A year or so later
98
Fresh fruits and veggies should not make up more than how much of primates diet?
No more than 25%
99
What is the most common cause of diarrhea in NHPs?
Shigella flexneri
100
Campylobacteriosis is most commonly seen in what primates?
OWPs
101
What is the most common respiratory disease in primates?
Tuberculosis
102
Where are TB tests usually performed?
Intradermal using the upper eyelid
103
What is the most significant herpesvirus of concern in NHP colonies?
Herpesvirus simiae (Herpes virus B)
104
What is the most common hepatitis virus in primates?
Hepatitis A
105
Caused by a human paramyxovirus known as rubeola
Measles
106
What primates are more susceptible to measles?
OWPs
107
What disease in primates may develop into fatal gastroenteritis?
Measels
