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World History > Final Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

How did Ancient Greek philosophers investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and morality?

A

by using logic and reason

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2
Q

What legal legacy did the ancient Romans leave for the future governments?

A

by recording laws and legal decisions

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3
Q

How did the Reformation help contribute to the development of democracy?

A

they questioned the authority of monarchy

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4
Q

Why is habeas corpus important

A

it prevents people from being wrongly or unjustly detained

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5
Q

Judaism

A

views moses as it’s main lawgiver, 10 commandments as moral code

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6
Q

Christianity

A

follows the teachings of Jesus

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7
Q

Islam

A

follows the teachings of Muhammad, beliefs are found in the Qur’an

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8
Q

republic

A

a gov. where citizens elect representatives to rule and make laws

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9
Q

aristocracy

A

a gov. ruled by a few powerful rich people

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10
Q

direct democracy

A

a gov. where citizens actively rule and make laws

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11
Q

monarchy

A

a gov. ruled by a single person such as a queen

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12
Q

How did trade routes influence religion in Mecca?

A

travelers brought different spiritual traditions

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13
Q

In what three ways are the teachings of the Muslims similar to those of the Christians and Jews?

A

-a day of judgement
-heaven and hell
-a holy book

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14
Q

oppression

A

cruel or unjust treatment or control

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15
Q

alms

A

a responsibility to support those who are less fortunate than oneself

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16
Q

faith

A

expresses the belief in one god and Muhammad as his messenger

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17
Q

fasting

A

demonstrates that spiritual needs outweigh physical needs

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18
Q

prayer

A

is an action preformed 5 times a day towards Mecca

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19
Q

pilgrimage

A

an expectation of believers to travel to Mecca at least once in a lifetime

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20
Q

What was the name of the portable tent that the nomads of the Eurasian steppe used?

A

yurts

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21
Q

What happened after Ghengis Khan’s death?

A

his descendants continued his campaign for conquest

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22
Q

What role did Lady Murasaki play in the Heian period?

A

she wrote the worlds first novel

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23
Q

What position did Marco Polo have in Kublai Khan’s gov?

A

completed and served gov. missions

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24
Q

What was Marco Polo’s occupation when he traveled in a caravan along the Silk Roads to China?

A

a Venetian trader

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25
Q

What languages did Marco Polo learn?

A

Asian languages

26
Q

How did Kublai Khan increase foreign trade on the Silk Roads?

A

he increased safety

27
Q

What did Kublai Khan do to ensure a steady supply of grain to the north?

A

he restored the grand canal

28
Q

While they were under Mongol rule, what did the Russians have to provide to the Mongols?

A

massive tributes

29
Q

What did Ivan I do to gain the gratitude of the Mongols?

A

he helped crush a Russian revolt against Mongol rule

30
Q

Where did most of the population in Western Europe move to during the decline of the Roman Empire?

A

the population became more rural

31
Q

How were the Germanic kingdoms different from the Roman provinces?

A

they were held together by family ties

32
Q

Monasteries served as centers of ___________ in Western Europe after the decline of the Roman Empire?

A

education

33
Q

Why did Pope Leo III crown Charlemagne as emperor?

A

Charlemagne crushed an unruly mob that had attacked the pope

34
Q

What happened to the population after the decline of the Roman Empire?

A

grew their own food, moved rural

34
Q

What happened to the population after the decline of the Roman Empire?

A

grew their own food, moved rural

35
Q

Describe how serfs lived in the manor system

A

-their lifespans were shortened by illness and malnutrition
-they endured harsh, crowded conditions
-their children were needed to work in the fields

36
Q

What was a knight’s main obligation to his lord?

A

to serve in battle

37
Q

Who was the religious leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church?

A

the partiarch

38
Q

Language services were conducted in ___________ for the Eastern Orthodox Church

A

local languages

39
Q

Could priests marry in the Eastern Orthodox Church?

A

yes

40
Q

Did anyone hold authority over the spiritual leader in the Eastern Orthodox Church?

A

yes, the spiritual leader

41
Q

The religious leader of the Roman Catholic church was the _____?

A

pope

42
Q

Language services were conducted in ________ in the Roman Catholic Church?

A

Latin

43
Q

Could priests marry in the Roman Catholic Church?

A

no

44
Q

Did anyone hold power over the spiritual leader in the Roman Catholic Church?

A

no

45
Q

How much power did Byzantine Emperors hold?

A

absolute power

46
Q

Who is the common ancestor of Jews, Christians, and Muslims?

A

Abraham

47
Q

How did Islam spread so quickly throughout parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe?

A

-religious message
-military conquest
-political order
-trade routes

48
Q

What groups made up the four social levels in ancient Muslim society?

A

first: muslims at birth
second: converted muslims
third: Jews, Chrisians, Zoroastrains
fourth: slaves

49
Q

What is another term for cultural diffusion?

A

cultural blending

50
Q

What aspect of the Orthodox Christian church did Vladimir appreciate?

A

that the emperor was the supreme ruler of the church

51
Q

How were noblewomen different than peasant woman?

A

noblewomen were able to inherit their husbands land

52
Q

Why would a pope threaten to excommunicate a king?

A

to wield power to the ruler

53
Q

What fraction of its yearly income did each Christian family pay to the Church in the form of tithes?

A

1/10

54
Q

What were some differences between Romanesque buildings and Gothic cathedrals?

A

gothic: large stained glass, thin walls, spires

romanesque: thick walls, dark

55
Q

Why did Pope Urban II call for a Crusade?

A

to gain control of the holy land

56
Q

Why did kings want knights to join the Crusades?

A

kings wanted to rid themselves of quarrelsome knights

57
Q

What increased as a result of the three-field system?

A

food production

58
Q

Why did many people choose to move to medieval towns?

A

new economic and social opportunities

59
Q

Scholars living in Spain were able to translate the works of philosopher into _______ (what language) which allowed Europeans to acquire a large new body of knowledge

A

Latin

World History (4 decks)

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