Final Study Guide

Question 1

How did Ancient Greek philosophers investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and morality?

Answer 1

by using logic and reason

Question 2

What legal legacy did the ancient Romans leave for the future governments?

Answer 2

by recording laws and legal decisions

Question 3

How did the Reformation help contribute to the development of democracy?

Answer 3

they questioned the authority of monarchy

Question 4

Why is habeas corpus important

Answer 4

it prevents people from being wrongly or unjustly detained

Question 5

Judaism

Answer 5

views moses as it’s main lawgiver, 10 commandments as moral code

Question 6

Christianity

Answer 6

follows the teachings of Jesus

Question 7

Islam

Answer 7

follows the teachings of Muhammad, beliefs are found in the Qur’an

Question 8

republic

Answer 8

a gov. where citizens elect representatives to rule and make laws

Question 9

aristocracy

Answer 9

a gov. ruled by a few powerful rich people

Question 10

direct democracy

Answer 10

a gov. where citizens actively rule and make laws

Question 11

monarchy

Answer 11

a gov. ruled by a single person such as a queen

Question 12

How did trade routes influence religion in Mecca?

Answer 12

travelers brought different spiritual traditions

Question 13

In what three ways are the teachings of the Muslims similar to those of the Christians and Jews?

Answer 13

-a day of judgement
-heaven and hell
-a holy book

Question 14

oppression

Answer 14

cruel or unjust treatment or control

Question 15

alms

Answer 15

a responsibility to support those who are less fortunate than oneself

Question 16

faith

Answer 16

expresses the belief in one god and Muhammad as his messenger

Question 17

fasting

Answer 17

demonstrates that spiritual needs outweigh physical needs

Question 18

prayer

Answer 18

is an action preformed 5 times a day towards Mecca

Question 19

pilgrimage

Answer 19

an expectation of believers to travel to Mecca at least once in a lifetime

Question 20

What was the name of the portable tent that the nomads of the Eurasian steppe used?

Answer 20

yurts

Question 21

What happened after Ghengis Khan’s death?

Answer 21

his descendants continued his campaign for conquest

Question 22

What role did Lady Murasaki play in the Heian period?

Answer 22

she wrote the worlds first novel

Question 23

What position did Marco Polo have in Kublai Khan’s gov?

Answer 23

completed and served gov. missions

Question 24

What was Marco Polo’s occupation when he traveled in a caravan along the Silk Roads to China?

Answer 24

a Venetian trader

Question 25

What languages did Marco Polo learn?

Answer 25

Asian languages

Question 26

How did Kublai Khan increase foreign trade on the Silk Roads?

Answer 26

he increased safety

Question 27

What did Kublai Khan do to ensure a steady supply of grain to the north?

Answer 27

he restored the grand canal

Question 28

While they were under Mongol rule, what did the Russians have to provide to the Mongols?

Answer 28

massive tributes

Question 29

What did Ivan I do to gain the gratitude of the Mongols?

Answer 29

he helped crush a Russian revolt against Mongol rule

Question 30

Where did most of the population in Western Europe move to during the decline of the Roman Empire?

Answer 30

the population became more rural

Question 31

How were the Germanic kingdoms different from the Roman provinces?

Answer 31

they were held together by family ties

Question 32

Monasteries served as centers of ___________ in Western Europe after the decline of the Roman Empire?

Answer 32

education

Question 33

Why did Pope Leo III crown Charlemagne as emperor?

Answer 33

Charlemagne crushed an unruly mob that had attacked the pope

Question 34

What happened to the population after the decline of the Roman Empire?

Answer 34

grew their own food, moved rural

Question 34

What happened to the population after the decline of the Roman Empire?

Answer 34

grew their own food, moved rural

Question 35

Describe how serfs lived in the manor system

Answer 35

-their lifespans were shortened by illness and malnutrition -they endured harsh, crowded conditions -their children were needed to work in the fields

Question 36

What was a knight's main obligation to his lord?

Answer 36

to serve in battle

Question 37

Who was the religious leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church?

Answer 37

the partiarch

Question 38

Language services were conducted in ___________ for the Eastern Orthodox Church

Answer 38

local languages

Question 39

Could priests marry in the Eastern Orthodox Church?

Answer 39

yes

Question 40

Did anyone hold authority over the spiritual leader in the Eastern Orthodox Church?

Answer 40

yes, the spiritual leader

Question 41

The religious leader of the Roman Catholic church was the _____?

Answer 41

pope

Question 42

Language services were conducted in ________ in the Roman Catholic Church?

Answer 42

Latin

Question 43

Could priests marry in the Roman Catholic Church?

Answer 43

no

Question 44

Did anyone hold power over the spiritual leader in the Roman Catholic Church?

Answer 44

no

Question 45

How much power did Byzantine Emperors hold?

Answer 45

absolute power

Question 46

Who is the common ancestor of Jews, Christians, and Muslims?

Answer 46

Abraham

Question 47

How did Islam spread so quickly throughout parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe?

Answer 47

-religious message -military conquest -political order -trade routes

Question 48

What groups made up the four social levels in ancient Muslim society?

Answer 48

first: muslims at birth second: converted muslims third: Jews, Chrisians, Zoroastrains fourth: slaves

Question 49

What is another term for cultural diffusion?

Answer 49

cultural blending

Question 50

What aspect of the Orthodox Christian church did Vladimir appreciate?

Answer 50

that the emperor was the supreme ruler of the church

Question 51

How were noblewomen different than peasant woman?

Answer 51

noblewomen were able to inherit their husbands land

Question 52

Why would a pope threaten to excommunicate a king?

Answer 52

to wield power to the ruler

Question 53

What fraction of its yearly income did each Christian family pay to the Church in the form of tithes?

Answer 53

1/10

Question 54

What were some differences between Romanesque buildings and Gothic cathedrals?

Answer 54

gothic: large stained glass, thin walls, spires romanesque: thick walls, dark

Question 55

Why did Pope Urban II call for a Crusade?

Answer 55

to gain control of the holy land

Question 56

Why did kings want knights to join the Crusades?

Answer 56

kings wanted to rid themselves of quarrelsome knights

Question 57

What increased as a result of the three-field system?

Answer 57

food production

Question 58

Why did many people choose to move to medieval towns?

Answer 58

new economic and social opportunities

Question 59

Scholars living in Spain were able to translate the works of philosopher into _______ (what language) which allowed Europeans to acquire a large new body of knowledge

Answer 59

Latin