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Social Studies > FINAL Study Guide > Flashcards

FINAL Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What were the 3 countries in the Triple Entente

A

Great Britain, France, and Russia

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2
Q

What were the 3 countries in the Central Powers

A

Germany, Austria Hungary, and Bulgaria

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3
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A

The German military strategy to quickly defeat France and then then focus on Russia in the East

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4
Q

Although the Allies won the War, what country did not enjoy the benefits because it surrendered to Germany almost a year before Germany was defeated?

A

Russia

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5
Q

The spark that started the War occurred when the future leader of what region was assassinated?

A

Archduke Ferdinand, who was supposed to be the future leader of Austria-Hungary

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6
Q

On which front did the Germans battle the French?

A

Western Front

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7
Q

What is the estimated human costs on the WWI battlefields?

A

8.5 million soldiers dead, 21 million wounded

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8
Q

What treaty between the Allied powers and Germany was signed exactly 5 years after the assassination of Francis Ferdinand?

A

Treaty of Versailles

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9
Q

What was the final straw that brought the U.S. into WWI against Germany? What was the name of the message from Germany to Mexico?

A

Zimmerman note/telegraph

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10
Q

Decade of the BOOM

A

1920’s

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11
Q

Decade of the BUST

A

1930’s

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12
Q

What war followed the Bust

A

WWII

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13
Q

What percent of Americans in 1929 had no savings at all?

A

80%

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14
Q

What was a major cause of the Great Depression because of the artificially manipulated interest rates?

A

Smoot Hawley Tariff

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15
Q

How many pigs were slaughtered or burned when many Americans were hungry and out of work?

A

6.4 million

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16
Q

What comes close to the highest rate of unemployment during the Great Depression?

A

25%

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17
Q

What 5 states were directly affected by the Dust Bowl

A

Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska

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18
Q

What were Hoovervilles

A

Small shack towns made mostly of cardboard

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19
Q

What was the Bonus Army

A

A movement of WWI veterans who gathered in DC to demand their service bonus early

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20
Q

During the mid-to-late 1920s (even before the Great Depression Started), how were farmers affected by the low prices of wheat?

A

Much of the Roaring ’20s was a continual cycle of debt for the American farmer, stemming from falling farm prices and the need to purchase expensive machinery

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21
Q

“Buying on margin”

A

Getting a loan and investing the money

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22
Q

What is social security?

A

a government system that provides financial assistance to people with little to no income

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23
Q

Who were the 2 presidents during the Great Depression

A

Hoover and FDR

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24
Q

What was a flapper?

A

A new style that consisted of women wearing shorter skirts, shorter hair (bobbed). and listening or dancing to jazz

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25
Q

“The chief business of the American people is _______”
- ___________

A

business, Calvin Coolidge

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26
Q

This section featured information about the New Deal

A

Great Depression (parts one and two)

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27
Q

This section focused on Communism and its spread to the USA

A

Red Scare

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28
Q

This section was about the first Transatlantic flight

A

Lucky Lindy

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29
Q

This section described and incident where science came into conflict with religious belief

A

Monkey Trial

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30
Q

This section featured information about Louis Armstrong

A

All That Jazz

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31
Q

What 3 countries were ruled by fascist dictators by the end of the 1930’s

A

Spain, Italy, and Germany

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32
Q

What was the earliest incident leading up to WWII in Asia?

A

Japan invading Manchuria in 1931

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33
Q

What 2 world leaders signed a nonaggression pact one week before the invasion on Poland that started WWII?

A

Hitler and Stalin (they secretly divided Poland among themselves)

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34
Q

What were the 3 factors that kept countries from challenging the expanding Axis empires

A

a global depression, memories of WWI, and the belief in isolationism

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35
Q

What happened at the Munich Conference of 1938?

A

The settlement gave Germany the Sudetenland starting Oct 10, and take over the rest of Czechoslovakia as long as Hitler promised to go no further. He went further.

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36
Q

What were the 3 major Axis Powers in WWII

A

Germany, Italy, and Japan

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37
Q

What was the Maginot Line and why did it fail

A

An array of defenses along France’s border, it was immobile and it assumes the ardennes were impenatrable

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38
Q

What does “D-Day” refer to?

A

The Allied forces invading Northern France

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39
Q

What was the German war strategy used in WWII to overwhelm the enemy?

A

Blitzkrieg

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40
Q

What battle is considered the major turning point in the war against Japan in the Pacific?

A

The Battle of Midway

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41
Q

Around how many Jews were put to death as a result of Hitler’s Final Solution?

A

6 million

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42
Q

What battle was Hitler’s last major offensive in Europe? Was is succesful?

A

Battle of the Bulge, not succesful

43
Q

What were the 3 mistakes of Hitler during WWII

A

Declaring war on the USA, invading Russia, and investing so many resources into the Holocaust

44
Q

Which country saw the largest number of Jews killed in the Holocaust

A

Poland

45
Q

What was the codename of the beach where Operation Overlord met the most resistance by the Germans?

A

Omaha Beach

46
Q

What were the 2 Japanese cities that were sites of atomic explosions?

A

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

47
Q

What country saw the most casualties during WWII

A

USSR

48
Q

What organization was created after WWII to prevent another war from starting?

A

United Nations (1945)

49
Q

What battle cost the USSR over one million soldiers and it put the Germans on the defensive on the Russian front?

A

Battle of Stalingrad

50
Q

What is Karl Marx most famous for?

A

Creating communism and marxism

51
Q

Who was the first leader of the USSR

A

Vladimir Lenin

52
Q

Who was the most infamous leader of the USSR

A

Josef Stalin

53
Q

Totalitarianism v. Communism

A

Communism - economic, believes in the common ownership of everything
Totalitarianism - political, believes in state ownership
Both - have control methods, basic principles, and government philosophies

54
Q

What was the Iron Curtain

A

A semi-imaginary line that divided Europe into 2 parts after WWII

55
Q

What was the Truman Doctrine

A

A containment system for communism

56
Q

What was the Marshall Plan?

A

Billions of dollars in aid given to 16 nations after WWII

57
Q

Who won the Civil War (Mao Zedong and the communists v. Chiang Kai-shek and the nationalists)

A

Mao Zedong and the communists

58
Q

Who was Joe McCarthy?

A

a senator who tried to expose communism in American life

59
Q

What was McCarthyism

A

Making wild accusations (of communists) without evidence

60
Q

Who helped stop McCarthy and how?

A

Edward R. Murrow, he was a pioneer of radio and television news broadcasting. He produces a series of reports on his television program “See It Now” which helped lead to the punishment of Joe McCarthy

61
Q

When did Dwight D. Eisenhower serve as president?

A

1953-1961

62
Q

Who explained “military-industrial complex” and what does it mean

A

Eisenhower, it means a network of institutions involved in the production of weapons and military technology

63
Q

When did Nikita Khrushchev lead the USSR

A

1953-1964

64
Q

Who was Fidel Castro?

A

The president of Cuba (1959-2008)

65
Q

What was the “Bay of Pigs Invasion”? Was it successful?

A

On April 17th, the Cuban-exile invasion force landed at beaches along the Bay of Pigs and immediately came under the heavy fire. Cuban planes strafed the invaders, sank 2 escort ships, and destroyed half of the exile’s air support. Not successful

66
Q

Which president came up with the “New Frontier”

A

JFK

67
Q

When did LBJ serve as president

A

Nov 22 1963 - Jan 20 1969

68
Q

Who would have been elected if elections were held after the “temporary” division in 1955

A

Ho Chi Minh

69
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

a communist leader in vietnam who fought against the USA and South Vietnamese with support from China and the USSR

70
Q

“Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!” - _________

A

Ronald Reagan

71
Q

How many US soldiers were killed in Vietnam

A

60,000

72
Q

What was the result of the First Gulf War? (ended in March 1991)

A

Kuwait was liberated from the military Iraq

73
Q

What does Guns and Butter mean?

A

War/Military and welfare

74
Q

Who was John Henry Hammond?

A

an American record producer, civil rights activist, and music critic

75
Q

Who were 3 famous musicians John Henry Hammond discovered?

A

Billie Holiday, Aretha Franklin, Bob Dylan

76
Q

What did the Domino Theory do

A

It convinced JFK to intervene more in Vietnam to stop the spread of communism

77
Q

What effect did the Tet Offensive have on the American Public

A

it weakened US public support for the war in Vietnam

78
Q

Which US president was in office when the Gulf of Tonkin Incident occurred?

A

LBJ

79
Q

What happened in the Gulf of Tonkin Incident and how did the US government respond

A

International confrontation that led to the US engaging more directly in the Vietnam War. President LBJ requested permission from the US Congress to increase the US military presence in Indochina

80
Q

Which president was in power when the USA recognized of Communist China

A

Nixon

81
Q

Which Cold War president was the most suspicious of big government domestic programs?

A

Ronald Reagan

82
Q

What was the Tiananmen Incident of 1989

A

Troops armed with assault rifles and tanks fired at citizens, several hundreds dies

83
Q

What countries were part of the Communist side of the bloc (there’s 8)

A

Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Yugoslavia

84
Q

What was the term “evil empire” directed at and by who?

A

Russia, by Ronald Reagam

85
Q

Which Cold War president of the USA could be described as a realist as opposed to an idealist?

A

Nixon

86
Q

Which countries make up French Indochina

A

Vietnam. Cambodia, and Laos

87
Q

What is the connection between Brown v. Board of Education and Plessey v. Ferguson?

A

Brown V. Board of Education overturned Plessey V. Ferguson by saying “separate but equal” was unconstitutional

88
Q

What was Jackie Robinson most famous for

A

Baseball

89
Q

Rosa Parks created the spark that led to the famous bus boycott where?

A

Montgomery

90
Q

How did Thurgood Marshall make history twice?

A

First as a lawyer- he became the nation’s first black United States Supreme Court Justice. The as a judge - he argued the historic 1954 Brown v. Board of Education speech, “separate but equal”

91
Q

How did Gandhi influence MLK Jr?

A

He drew heavily on the Gandhian idea of nonviolence in his own activism

92
Q

Where did MLK give his famous “I Have a Dream” speech?

A

The steps of the Lincoln Memorial

93
Q

The Little Rock 9 brought integration to what type of school in which state?

A

An all white school in Arkansas. 9 black students were brought into the all white high school by the Federal Government

94
Q

“Bull” Connor was the infamous police chief in which city/state

A

Birmingham, Alabama

95
Q

What was the estimated attendance to the 1963 Civil Rights Movement “March on Washington”

A

250,000

96
Q

How long was the march from Selma to Montgomery

A

54 miles

97
Q

Who is the tallest monument in DC dedicated to?

A

George Washington

98
Q

What was the most important event in the 1920’s

A

The boom

99
Q

What was the most important event in the 1930’s

A

The Great Depression/Bust

100
Q

What was the most important event in the 1940’s

A

WWII

101
Q

What was the most important event in the 1950’s

A

The Korean War

102
Q

What was the most important event in the 1960’s

A

The Moon Landing

103
Q

What was the most important event in the 1970’s

A

The Vietnam War Ends

Social Studies (2 decks)

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