FINAL - Substance abuse Flashcards
(52 cards)
In substance abuse disorder, the substance interferes with __________
An individual’s ability to fulfill role obligations
In substance abuse disorder, the individual would ____________ but cannot
The individual would like to cut down or control use but cannot
In substance abuse disorder, there is an excessive time spent _______ or ___________
Excessive time procuring the substance or recovering from effects
Addiction
Tolerance develops and increased amounts are necessary
Intoxication
Development of a REVERSIBLE substance-specific SYNDROME due to the ingestion of a substance
Withdrawal
Occurs upon abrupt reduction or discontinuation of a substance
In Alcohol Use Disorder, there is a problematic pattern of alcohol use which leads to
Clinically significant impairment or distress
Alcohol Use Disorder is a cluster of behavioral and physical symptoms (3)
Tolerance, Craving, Withdrawal
Alcohol withdrawal develops _____ hrs after reduction of intake
4-12 hrs
Normal male alcohol intake
No more than 14 drinks/week
Normal female alcohol intake
No more than 7 drinks/week (no more than 3 in one sitting)
Underlying change in brain circuits causes _______ and ________
Repeated relapses and intense drug craving
General physiological effects of alcohol
General, nonselective reversible depression of CNS
Once ingested, alcohol is immediately
Absorbed into the blood stream and carried to the brain, tissues, organs, and body secretions
Absorption of alcohol is influenced by (3)
Food, rate of drinking, type of alcohol
Chronic alcohol abuse results in
Multi-system impairments
Toxic effects of alcohol results in
malabsorption of nutrients - especially vitamin B (Thiamine)
Treatment for Peripheral Neuropathy
Reversible with abstinence
11 categories of physiological effects of alcohol
1) peripheral neuropathy
2) myopathy
3) cardiomyopathy
4) Wernicke’s encephalopathy
5) Korsakoff’s psychosis
6) Esophagitis
7) Gastritis
8) Pancreatitis
9) Hepatitis
10) Hepatic Encephalopathy
11) Cirrhosis
Alcoholic Myopathy (6)
- Muscle pain
- Swelling
- Weakness
- Reddish urine from myoglobin breakdown
- Elevated CPK, LDH, AST
- Vitamin B deficiency
Myopathy treatment
Abstinence, nutrition, Thiamine supplement
Most serious thiamine deficiency in alcoholics
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
- Paralysis of ocular muscles
- Diplopia
- Ataxia
- Somnolence
- Stupor
Treatment of Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Thiamine replacement to avoid death
