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Animal Science > Final Test > Flashcards

Final Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three different processes of growth?

A

Hyperplasia, endotrophy, and accumulation

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2
Q

Digestive systems of animals

A

Chicken- reverse order
Pigs- mono gastric, most similar to humans
Cattle and sheep- poly gastric, rumen, can digest cellulose, large duodenum
Horses- big colon for absorption of complex molecules

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3
Q

Roughages

A

More carbs & fat than protein

Source of bulk and fiber

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4
Q

Concentrates

A

Concentrated sources of protein, fat and carbs

Increases nutrient density in diet

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5
Q

Transgenic

A

Artificially introduce DNA from a different organism

Uconn has made transgenic pigs

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6
Q

gestation periods

A 
Swine- 3 months 3 weeks 3 days
Cattle- 283
Horse- 345
Sheep- 138
Goat-150
Dogs & cats- 63
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7
Q

Beef cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminants can be raised for food in just about any region bc…

A

They utilize poorer quality feeds and convert them into food and fiber for humans

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8
Q

Signs of good health

A 
Contentment
Alertness
Sleek coat and pliable skin
Eating with relish and cudding by ruminants 
Bright eyes and pink eye membranes
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9
Q

Good cow is given BST…

A

More milk with more feed but more efficient

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10
Q

BHA/BHT or vitamin E/C

A

Antioxidants to help delay the development of off flavors

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11
Q

Pros of food science majors…

A

People are always going to eat especially meat, milk and eggs
Starting salaries are among the highest for college of Ag. Graduates

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12
Q

An issue that might compromise animal agriculture

A

Proper manure management and processing and it’s affect on water quality

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13
Q

Intoxication

A

Toxin left behind by a toxigenic pathogen, like clostridium botulinum

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14
Q

Meat supplies…

A

Minerals and vitamins
Essential amino acids
Essential fatty acids

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15
Q

USDA

A

For inspection purposes

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16
Q

Bile

A

Emulsifies fats in small intestine

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17
Q

Quality

A

Sum of characteristics of the given food item which influences the acceptability of preference for that food by the consumer

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18
Q

Corn gluten meal

A

Highest level of protein

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19
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase of cell size

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20
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Increase in cell number

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21
Q

Artificial insemination

A

More rapid genetic improvement
Reduce cost and risk of having a bull
Reduce risk of spreading disease

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22
Q

Estrous v estrus

A

Estrous- cycle

Estrus- receptive period

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23
Q

Zoo animal restraint

A

Blowgun and dart

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24
Q

Rules of restraint

A

Is it safe for humans?
Is it safe for animals?
Is it an effective method of restraint?
Can constant observation be given to the animal?

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25
Trends
Consumption is up for cheese and yogurt and some frozen products but down for liquid milk
26
MMA
Major health concern following parturition in dairy cattle
27
Estrous cycles
``` Sheep- 17 days Goat- 21 days Sow- 19-21 days Cow- 21 days Mare- 19-25 days Pigs- 21 days Chickens- n/a ```
28
Pleura guard
Protects against respiratory disease
29
Grading egg factors
``` Weight Color Size Shell Air cell size Albumen size Yolk color Blood or meat spots ```
30
Symptoms of lambing paralysis
Loss of appetite | Staggering and impaired vision sweet smelling urine and labored breathing
30
Wool quality
Fineness and color Crimp and length Strength and uniformity
31
Three major aspects in food products
Quality, safety and nutritional value
32
Major sensory aspects of animal foods
Flavor Texture Appearance Color
33
Factors that influence purchase of food
Convenience Low cost Fits lifestyle Good quality
34
Listeria monocytogenes
Found in raw milk, food processing areas and floor drains
35
Environmental factors that animals are in harmonious balance with...
Physical Chemical Biological
36
Animal distress factors
Light and noise Temperature and air quality Pressure and humidity
37
What drives animal behavior?
Needs Homeostasis Environment
38
Allelomimetic
Mimicking behavior
39
Egg quality (AA,A,B)
Condition and height of albumen Condition of yolk- blood spots, off color Size of air cell
40
Chicken bacteria
Salmonella enteritidis
41
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Put in yogurt to make it an active culture
42
Methods of tenderizing tough products
Allow beef products to age before consuming Tenderizing mallet Moist cooking methods
43
Aseptic processing and packaging
UHT milk
44
Pig and Pekinese potential problems
Eye problems and nasal problems
45
Cats
Less resistant to disease More attached to home Better healing power Susceptible to phenol
46
Dogs
More resistant to disease | More attached to humans
47
Rodent use as lab animals
``` 90% Cost Biological knowledge Many strains Uniformity Highly reproductive Generally healthy ```
48
Lab animals
``` Tested by IACUC 20,000 Reduce- amount of animals used Refine- techniques used Replace- different mode of testing Drugs must be tested for safety and efficacy on animals before humans ```
49
Acclimation
Animal reactions over several days or weeks due to a single environmental factor
50
Freeze drying
Instant coffee Military meals Backpacking meals
51
Extrusion
Pasta figures | Pet food
52
Potential sources of contamination
Environment Animals Water Humans
53
Foods of greatest concern
``` Beef- e coli Raw milk- lasto mono Apple juice- E. coli Fresh produce Water ```
54
Commercial layer chickens vaccinated against...
``` Mareks disease Newcastle infectious bronchitis Infectious bursal disease Avian rhniotracheitis Fowlpox Mycoplasma gallisepticum Salmonella ```
55
Restraint
Physiological- tranquil voice Psychological- pig snout, diminishing sense of perception Chemical- anesthetics, tranquilizers Physical- whip, confinement
56
Mature horse manure
40-50lbs a day
57
Habituation
Sensations and effects responses associated with particular environment stimuli tend to diminish when these stimuli occur repeatedly
58
Lipids
Most energy per unit mass
59
Dressing
Cattle-60 | Pig-70
60
General horse health care
Daily general visual inspection Dear on every 6 months & not last 2 months of pregnancy In the spring, give 5-in-1 shot Check teeth for older horses
61
Four components of animal behavior
Causation Development Evolution Function
62
Adaptation
Alteration in the structure or function of organisms which fits them to survive and multiply in a changed environment

Animal Science (1 decks)

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