Finals Flashcards
(150 cards)
1
Q
Type casting, changes the data type of a variable from one data type to another. True or False?
A
False
Chapter 1 (page 59)
Casting or Type casting creates an equivalent value in a specific data type for a given value.
Even though PHP automatically assigns the data type of a variable, sometimes you want to ensure that a variable is of the data type or type casting. Type casting or casting copies the value contained in a variable of one data type into a variable of another data type.
2
Q
When you pass a variable name to the echo statement, you must enclose the variable name in a double quotation marks. True or false?
A
False
Chapter 1 (page 14)
3
Q
All Web pages containing PHP code must have an extension on .php. True or false?
A
True
Chapter 1 (page 2)
4
Q
The___ function is used to create a constant.
a) define ()
b) create ()
c) describe ()
A
define ()
Chapter 1 (page28)
A constant contains information that does not
change during the course of program execution
•
Constant names do not begin with a dollar sign
•
Constant names use all uppercase letters
•
Use the define() function to create a constant
define (“
CONSTANT_NAME “, value);
•
The value you pass to the define() function
can be a text string, number, or Boolean value
5
Q
A(n) ___ is an element’s numeric position within an array.
a) location
b) index
c) indicator
A
index
Chapter 1 (page 34)
By default, indexes begin with the number
zero (0)
–
An element is referenced by enclosing its index in
brackets at the end of the array name:
$Provinces[1]
6
Q
Data types that can be assigned only a single value are called ___ types.
a) mono
b) primitive
c) individual
A
primitive
Chapter 1
7
Q
The ___ function tests whether a variable contains a numeric data type.
a) is_digit ()
b) is_number ()
c) is_numeric ()
A
is_numeric ()
Chapter 1 (page 60)
is_numeric () function tests whether a variable contains a numeric data type, whereas the is_string () function test whether a variable contains a string data type
8
Q
___ are symbols such as the (+) symbol that are used in expressions to manipulate operands.
a) Operators
b) Expressions
c) Literals
A
Operators
Chapter 1 (page 40)
Operators are symbols such as the addition operator (+) and multiplication operator (*), which are used in expressions to manipulate operands.
9
Q
One way to ensure that a variable is of the correct data type is through type ___.
a) identifying
b) casting
c) naming
A
casting
Chapter 1 (page 59)
10
Q
The ___ operator uses the % symbol to find the remainder of integer division.
a) modulus
b) division
c) arithmetic
A
modulus
Chapter 1
11
Q
1 - Standard PHP script delimiters 2 - The element 3 - Short PHP script delimiters 4 - ASP=style script delimiters Which of the above are NOT valid in PHP 7?
a) 3 & 4
b) 2 & 4
c) 2 & 3
d) They are all valid in PHP 7
A
2 & 4
The element
ASP-style script delimiters
Chapter 1
12
Q
Which of the following is NOT a valid PHP comment block?
a)
b) /* Comment */
c) // Comment
d) # Comment
A
a)
this is an HTML comment, not PHP
Chapter 1
13
Q
Which of the following is PHP?
a) Strongly typed
b) Loosely/weakly typed
c) Neither
d) Both
A
Loosely/weakly typed - we don’t declare data types, just use identifiers.
Chapter 1
14
Q
Territories = array(“Nunavut”, “Northwest Territories”, “Yukon Territory”);
What is the index of the element “Yukon Territory”?
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
A
2
Array indices starts at 0.
Chapter 1
15
Q
$var = 9;
echo $var %2
What does the above expression resolve to /print?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 9
A
1
Modulus will return the remainder
Chapter 1
16
Q
$var = 9;
echo $var++;
What does the above expression resolve to /print? (Tricky)
a) 9
b) 10
c) 1
d) This will throw an error
A
a) 9
$var increments after it prints
Chapter 1
17
Q
$varA = 9;
$varB = 3;
echo ($varA === $varB || $varA > $varB);
What does the above expression resolve to /print?
a) 0/False
b) 1/True
c) 3
d) This will throw an error
A
b) 1/True
|| Returns TRUE if either the left operand or right operand returns a value of TRUE, otherwise (neither operand returns a value of TRUE), it returns a value of FALSE
Chapter 1
18
Q
$varA = 9;
$varB = 3;
echo !($varA === $varB && $varA > $varB);
What does the above expression resolve to /print?
a) 0/False
b) 1/True
c) 3
d) This will throw an error
A
b) 1/True
&& or AND
Returns TRUE if both the left operand and right operand return a value of TRUE; otherwise it returns a value of FALSE.
Chapter 1
19
Q
Variable scope refers to the location that a declared variable can be used. True or False?
A
True
Chapter 2
Variable scope is where in your program a
declared variable can be used
•
A variable’s scope can be either global or local
•
A global variable is one that is declared outside
a function and is available to all parts of your
program
•
A local variable is declared inside a function
and is only available within the function in which
it is declared
20
Q
What will the following code print? (Note the comment block)
$GlobalVariable = "Global variable";
function scopeExample () {
// global $GlobalVariable;
echo"<p>GlobalVariable </p>";
}
scopeExample();
a) “Global Variable”
b) Error
A
Error
“Undefined Variable
Chapter 2
21
Q
What will the following code print?
$GlobalVariable = 3;
function scopeExample() {
$GlobalVariable = 5;
global $GlobalVariable;
$GlobalVariable--;
echo $GlobalVariable;
}
scopeExample();
a) 3
b) 5
c) 2
d) 4
A
c) 2
The most recent declaration overwrites the variable
Chapter 2
22
Q
$light="pink";
$speed=0;
switch($light ){
case"red":speed = 0;
case"yellow":$speed = 10;
break;
case"green":$speed= 30;
break;
default:$speed= -1;
break;
}
echo $speed;
What will the following code print?
a) 0
b) 10
c) 30
d) -1
A
d) -1
Speed changes on the default case which hits because none of the other cases do
Chapter 2
23
Q
$numbers =array(10,20,30,40,50);
for ($i=0; $i <=3; $i++) {
$numbers[$i] /= 10;
}
echo $numbers[4];
What will the following code print?
a) 20
b) 25
c) 40
d) 50
A
d) 50
$numbers[4] is 50 which is never modified
Chapter 2
24
Q
You will not receive an error if you attempt to use a foreach statement with any variable types other than arrays. True or False?
A
False
Chapter 2
foreach Statements
Used to iterate or loop through the elements in
an array
•
Do not require a counter; instead, you specify an
array expression within a set of parentheses
following the foreach keyword
25
Functions are place within parentheses that follow a parameter name. True or False?
False
Chapter 2
The syntax for defining a function is
26
A ___ is a variable that increments or decrements with each iteration of a loop statement
a) counter
b) repetitor
c) incrementer/decrementer
d) iterator
a) counter
Chapter 2 (page 96)
A counter is a variable that increments or decrements with each iteration of a loop statement.
27
Which of the following terms is not associated with the switch statement?
a) switch title
b) executable statement
c) break keyword
d) case label
a) switch title
```
Chapter 2 (page 92)
A switch statement consists of the following components: the keyword switch, an expression, an opening brace, one or more case statements, a default label , and a closing brace. A case statement consists of a case label, the executable statements, and the keyword break.
```
28
With many programming languages, global variables are automatically available to all parts of your program, including ___.
a) definitions
b) functions
c) statements
d) declarations
functions
Chapter 2
29
What will be returned if you use a local variable outside the function in which it is declared?
a) function
b) nothing
c) error message
d) value
c) error message
Chapter 2 (page 82)
30
When you declare a global variable with the global keyword, you do not need to assign the variable a(n) ___.
a) name
b) definition
c) value
d) function
c) value
Chapter 2 (page 82)
31
If you do not include code that changes the value used the by the condition expression, your program will be caught in a ___ loop.
a) infinite
b) constant
c) continuous
d) continuing
a) infinite
Chapter 2
32
Regular expressions are patters that are used for matching and manipulating strings according to specified rules. True or False?
True
Chapter 3
33
The strtok() function breaks a program into functions. True or False?
False
Chapter 3
strtok() function is used to break a string into smaller strings, called tokens
34
The opposite of the explode() function is the implode() function. True or False?
True
Chapter 3
The explode() function splits a string into an indexed array at a specified separator
The implode() function combines an array's elements into a single string, separated by specified characters.
35
The similar_text () function returns the number ___ two strings have in common.
a) characters
b) sounds
c) numbers
d) words
a) characters
Chapter 3 (page 158)
The similar_text() function are used to determine the similarity between two strings.
36
The escape sequence to insert a carriage return is ___.
a) \\
b) \t
c) \r
d) \cr
\r
Chapter 3
37
The ___ metacharacter is used to allow a string to contain an alternate set of substrings.
a) (!)
b) (\)
c) (|)
d) (/)
(|)
Chapter 3
38
The escape sequence \\ inserts a(n) ___.
a) backslash
b) web ink
c) directory
d) comment
backslash
Chapter 3
39
The most commonly used string counting function is the ___ function, which returns the total number of characters in a string.
a) str_count ()
b) total ()
c) strlen ()
d strpos ()
strlen ()
Chapter 3
The most commonly used string counting function is the strlen () function, which returns the total number of characters in a string.
Escape sequences, such as \n, are counted as one character.
40
The ___ metacharacter is used to specify a range of values in a character class.
a) (')
b) (+)
c) (-)
d) (@)
(@)
Chapter 3
41
A structure in which variables are placed within curly braces inside of a string is called a ___.
a) complex string syntax
b) function
c) method
d) simple string syntax
complex string syntax
Chapter 3
42
```
$str = "hello world";
$str = trim($str);
$str = substr($str, 6);
$str = ucfirst($str);
echo $str;
```
What will the following code print?
a) hello
b) Hello
c) world
d) World
World
trrm() cuts the beginning and end spaces off (nothing)
substr() returns the substring starting at character 6 (w)
ucfirst() capitalizes the first letter of the string
Chapter 3
43
preg_match("/[A-Z]/", $Input) === 1
What is the above function call matching for against $Input? AKA, what will be indicated if this statement resolves to true?
a) At least one letter
b) At least one uppercase letter
c) No letter
d) No uppercase letters
At least one uppercase letter
[A-Z] indicates upper case
Chapter 3
44
preg_match("/^[A-za-z\d]", $input) === 1
What is the above function call matching for against $Input? AKA, what will be indicated if this statement resolves to true?
a) At least one letter
b) At least one alphanumeric character
c) No alphanumeric characters
d) At least one non-alphanumeric character
At least one non-alphanumeric character
[^] means to exclude the pattern and so we are excluding upper case ([A-Z], lower case ([a-z]) and digits (\d)
Chapter 3
45
When the form data is submitted using the get method, the form data is appended to the URL specified in the form's method attribute. True or False?
False
Chapter 4
The "get" method appends the form data to the URL specified in the form's action attribute.
When the "get" method is used, PHP creates a populates a $_GET array.
46
From, CC, BCC and Date headers are examples of additional headers. True or False?
True
Chapter 4
47
When you click a form's submit button, each field on the form is sent to the Web server as a ___ pair.
a) true/false
b) variable/value
c) name/value
d) yes/ no
name/value
Chapter 4
48
We can use ___ autoglobal array to refer to the global version of a variable from inside a function.
a) $GLOBALS
b) $_GLOBALS
c) $_GLOBAL
d) $GLOBAL
$GLOBALS
Chapter 4 (page 190)
You must use the global keyword to reference a global variable within the scope of a function. You can also use the $GLOBALS autoglobal array to refer to the global version of a variable from inside a function.
49
When you use the ___ method to submit form data to the processing script, the form data is appended to the URL specified by the action attribute.
a) get
b) submit
c) post
d) request
get
Chapter 4
50
The ___ function can be used to ensure that a number has the appropriate number of decimal places.
a) set_decimal()
b) decimal_round()
c) round()
d) round_dec()
round()
Chapter 4
51
Which of the following is NOT a required argument of the mail() function?
a) recipient(s)
b) message
c) from
d) subject
from
Chapter 4 (page 206)
An e-mail message is sent using the mail() function. The basic syntax for this function is :
mail(recipient(s), subject, message);
52
Autoglobals or superglobals are predefined ___.
a) constants
b) arrays
c) functions
d) variables
arrays
Chapter 4 (page189)
Autoglobals are associative arrays, which are arrays whose elements are referred to with an alphanumeric key instead of an index number.
53
The script in the dynamic data section of the Web page template will check the value of the ___ array to determine which page to display, assuming the name being passed is 'page'.
a) $_GET['page']
b) $_POST['page']
c) $_PAGE['page']
d) $SUBMIT['page']
$_GET['page']
Chapter 4
54
Name:
How do we get the email value into "$email" after form submission?
a) $email = $_REQUEST["email"];
b) $email = $_SERVER["email"];
c) $email = $_POST["email'"};
d) $email = $_GET["email"];
$email = $_REQUEST["email"];
$email = $_POST["email'"};
Chapter 4
55
The round() function can be used to ensure that number have the appropriate number of digits after the decimal point, if any. True or False?
True
Chapter 4
56
You must use the global keyword to reference global variable within the scope function. True or False?
True
Chapter 4 (page 190)
57
With complex escaping from XHTML, you can close one PHP block, insert some XHTML elements, and then open another PHP block to continue the script. True or False?
False
Chapter 4
58
The value of the ___ attribute identifies the program on the Web server that will process the form data when the form is submitted.
a) name
b) action
c) id
d) method
action
```
Chapter 4 (page 192)
The value of the action attribute identifies the program on the Web server that will process the form data when the form is submitted.
```
59
The additional headers argument needs to be formatted to conform to the syntax of headers in the ___ documentation.
a) Internet Mail Format
b) Internet Email Format
c) Email Message Format
d) Internet Message Format
Internet Message Format
Chapter 4
60
The ___ autoglobal can be used to access the result from form data sent with both the get and post methods.
a) $_SUBMIT
b) $_FILES
c) $_FORMS
d) $_REQUEST
$_REQUEST
Chapter 4
61
The ___ function can be used to determine if a variable contains values.
a) null
b) empty()
c) blank()
d) in_null()
empty()
```
Chapter 4 (page 199)
The empty() function can be used to determine if a variable contains values. The empty() function returns a value of FALSE if the variable being checked has a nonempty and nonzero value, an a value of TRU if the variable has an empty or zero value.
```
62
The ___ function displays the elements of the $_ENV array and their values.
a) systeminfo()
b) env_info()
c) php_info()
d) phpinfo()
phpinfo()
```
Chapter 4 (page 190)
The phpinfo() function displays the elements of the $_ENV array.
```
$_ENV autoglobal contains the environmental variable set for the operating system on the machine that hosts the Web server. Environment variables are variables that programs use to interact with the system.
63
The ___ function is used to reverse the changes made by magic quotes or the addslashes() function.
a) removeslashes()
b) addslashes()
c) delshashes()
d) stripslashes()
stripslashes()
Chapter 4 (page 197)
The stripslashes() function removes any slashes that occur before a single quote ('), double quote (") or NUL character. All other slashes are ignored.
64
Some operating systems always list two directory entries named "." and "..", which refer to the current directory and the directory that contains the current directory.
True or False
True
Chapter 5
65
The a+ mode argument opens the specified file for reading only and places the file pointer at the beginning of the file.
True or False?
False
Chapter 5 (page 268)
a+ Opens the specified file for reading and writing and places the file pointer at the end of the file; attempts to create the file if it doesn't exist
66
An additional form attribute, enctype, with a value of "multipart/form-data" must be used to upload files.
True or False?
True
Chapter 5
An enctype attribute in the opening form tag must have a value of "multipart/form-data", which instructs the browser to post multiple sections - one for regular form data and one for the file contents.
67
What function returns a value of true when the file pointer reaches the end of the file?
a) eof()
b) feof()
c) file_end()
d) end_of_file()
feof()
```
Chapter 5 (page 275)
The feof() function accepts a single argument containing the handle for the open file.
```
68
What function is used to delete files?
a) unlink()
b) del_file()
c) delete_file()
d) delete()
unlink()
Chapter 5
You use the unlink() function to delete files and the rmdir() function to delete directories. You pass the name of a file to the unlink() function and the name of a directory to the rmdir() function.
69
Every time you use the ___ function, the file pointer moves to the next character in the file.
a) fopen()
b) fclose()
c) fgetc()
d) fileread()
fgetc()
```
Chapter 5 (page 275)
The fgetc() function does not advance the file pointer, while the fread() function advances the file pointer to the next available character. Each time you call the fgetc() function, the file pointer moves to the next character in the file.
```
70
The ___ function only works when there are "." and ".." are the only two entries present in a directory.
a) remove_directory()
b) del_directory()
c) delete_directory()
d) rmdir()
rmdir()
```
Chapter 5 (page 282)
You use rmdir() function to delete directories.
The rmdir() function takes a little more developmental effort because it does not work unless a directory is empty.
```
71
The operational constant of the flock() function that opens the file with an exclusive lock for writing is the ___.
a) LOCK_UN
b) LOCK_NB
c) LOCK_EX
d) LOCK_SH
LOCK_EX
```
Chapter 5 (page 272)
The LOCK_EX constant creates an exclusive lock to write data to the file. An exclusive lock prevents other users from accessing the file until you are finished with it.
```
72
On a Macintosh platform, you append the ___ carriage return escape sequence to the end of the line.
a) \rn
b) \n
c) \nr
d) \r
\r
```
Chapter 5 (page 234)
Different operating systems use different escape sequences to identify the end of a line. UNIX/Linux platforms use the \n carriage return escape sequence, Macintosh applications usually use the \r line feed escape sequence and Windows operating systems use the \n carriage return escape sequence followed by the \r line feed escape sequence.
```
73
When a form is posted, information from the uploaded file is stored in the ___autoglobal array.
a) UPLOAD_FILES()
b) FILE_UPLOAD()
c) $_UPLOAD()
d) $_FILES()
$_FILES()
Chapter 5 (page 248)
When the form is posted, information for the uploaded file is stored in the $_FILES[] autoglobal array.
74
What is the value of $currentDir?
a) home
b) pictures
c) pictures/home
d) home/pictures
home
We never chdir('pictures")
Chapter 5
75
An additional form attribute, enctype, with a value of "multipart/form-data" must be used to upload files. True or False?
True
Chapter 5
76
What will the following script print?
a) "test.txt"
b) "r"
c) "Hello"
d) Nothing/Will not print
Nothing/Will not print
Chapter 5
77
The array_search() function determines whether a given value exists in an array and returns the negative value of the first matching element is it exists or false if it does not exist. True or False?
False
Chapter 6
78
You can use the unset() function to remove array elements and other variables. True or False
True
Chapter 6
79
You refer to the values in a multidimensional indexed array by including two sets of brackets, one which refers to the row and one which refers to the column. True or False?
True
Chapter 6
80
You can create ___ that consist of multiple indexes or keys.
a) multidimensional arrays
b) indexed arrays
c) key arrays
d) two-dimensional arrays
multidimensional arrays
Chapter 6
81
The ___ argument of the array_splice() function indicates the name of the array you want to modify.
a) array_mod
b) array_value
c) array_name
d) array_function
array_name
Chapter 6 (page 310)
82
The ___ function lets you add or remove elements anywhere else in the array.
a) array_value()
b) array_splice()
c) array_split()
d) array_add()
array_splice()
Chapter 6 (page 310)
83
The __ function removes duplicate elements from an array
a) array_dup()
b) array_unique()
c) array_values()
d) array()
array_unique
Chapter 6 (page 314)
84
The symbol ___ appends one array to another.
a) ==
b) &&
c) +
d) '
+
```
Chapter 6 (page 343)
To append one array to another, you use the addition (+) or additive compound assignment operator (+=).
```
85
```
To perform a reverse sort on an associative array by key and maintain the existing keys, use the ___ function.
a) uk_sort()
b) krsort()
c) sort()
d ksort()
```
krsort()
Chapter 6 (page 337)
86
The ___ function determines whether a given value exists in an array.
a) array_search()
b) find_array()
c) array_values()
d) in_array()
array_search()
Chapter 6
87
The array_search() function determines whether a given value exists in an array and returns the negative value of the first matching element if it exists or false if it does not exist. True or False?
False
Chapter 6 (page 328)
The array_search() function determines whether a given value exists in an array, then returns the "index or key" of the first matching element if it exist or FALSE if it does not.
88
You can use the unset() function to remove array elements and other variables. True or False?
True
Chapter 6 (page 313)
The unset() function remove array elements and other variables. You pass the unset() function the array name with the index number of the element you want to remove in brackets.
Example:
unset ($HospitalDepts[1], $HospitalDepts[2]);
89
You refer to the values in a multidimensional indexed array by including two sets of brackets, one which refers to the row and one which refers to the column. True or False?
True
Chapter 6 (page 352)
Multidimensional Indexed Array syntax:
array_name[index], [index]
90
You can create ___ that consist of multiple indexes or keys.
a) multidimensional array
b) indexed arrays
c) key arrays
d) two-dimensional arrays
multidimensional array
Chapter 6 (page 350)
91
```
$Fruits = array("Banana", "Apple", "Apple", "Mango", "Orange", "Pear");
unset($Fruits[0], $Fruits[4];
array_unique($Fruits);
unset($Fruits[0]);
$Result = in_array("Apple", $Fruits);
```
What is the value of $Fruits? $Result? (tricky)
a) Apple, Mango, Pear/ True
b) Mango, Pear/ False
c) Apple, Apple, Mango, Pear/True
d) Mango, Orange, Pear/False
Apple, Apple, Mango, Pear/True
* unset () Removes Banana and Orange
* array_unique() returns a new array which isn't used
* unset() #2 does nothing because unset retains indexes and $Fruits[0] was already removed
92
$Names = array('John"=>"Oliver", "Jimmy"=>"Fallon", "Stephen"=>"Colbert");
SNames2 = array_slice($Names, 0, 2);
ksort($Names2);
What are the value of $Names2
a) Oliver, Fallon
b) Oliver, Fallon, Colbert
c) Fallon, Oliver
d) Colbert, Fallon, Oliver
b) Fallon, Oliver
Colbert is removed and then this is sorted by keys (Fallon, Oliver are the values)
Chapter 6
array_slice() function returns a portion of an array and assigns it to another array
array_slice() function syntax:
array_slice(array_name, start, number_to_return);
ksort() and krsort() is the most commonly used array sorting functions fro associative arrays
93
$Ounces = array("ounces"=>1, "cups"=>"0.125,
"pints"=>0.0625, "quarts"=>0.03125, "gallons"=>0.0078125);
$Cups = array("ounces"=>8, "cups"=>1, "pints"=>0.5, "quarts"=>0.25, "gallons"=>0.0625);
$Measures = array("Ounces"=>$Ounces, "Cups"=>$Cups);
What is the value at $Measure["Ounces"]["cups"]?
a) 0.125
b) 1
c) 8
d) 0.25
a) 0.125
Chapter 6
94
You create one-to-many relationships when you want to break information into multiple, logical sets. True or False?
False
```
Chapter 7 (page 384)
You create a one-to-many relationship to eliminate redundant information in a single table.
```
95
Database management systems can run on only a single platform. True or False?
False
```
Chapter 7 (page 388)
A DBMS runs on many different platforms, ranging from personal computers to network servers, and different DBMSs exist for different types of database format.
```
96
A related table is the main table in a relationship that is referenced by another table. True or False?
False
Chapter 7
A related table (or "child table") references a primary table in a relational database.
A primary table is the main table in a relationship that is referenced by another table.
97
To make a specific database active, you must execute the ___ database statement.
a) CHANGE
b) USE
c) SWITCH
d) SELECT
USE
Chapter 7
98
The ___ keyword is used with the ALTER TABLE statement to rename a column in a table.
a) RENAME
b) MODIFY
c) CHANGE
d) REPLACE
CHANGE
Chapter 7
99
To delete a database, you must execute the ___ DATABASE command.
a) DELETE
b) REMOVE
c) DROP
d) EXIT
DROP
Chapter 7
100
To summarize data in a set of records, you use a family of functions called ___ functions.
a) aggregate
b) summary
c) statistical
d) group
aggregate
Chapter 7
Aggregate functions summarize data in record sets rather than display the individual records.
101
You can specify which records to return from a database by using the ___ keyword.
a) CRITERIA
b) MATCH
c) LIKE
d) WHERE
WHERE
Chapter 7
102
The ___ keyword is used with the ALTER TABLE statement to rename a table.
a) RENAME
b) MODIFY
c) CHANGE
d) REPLACE
RENAME
Chapter 7
103
phpMyAdmin provides a convenient method of transferring files from the development server to the production server using the ___ process.
a) download/upload
b) source/destination
c) browse/select
d) export/import
export/import
Chapter 7
104
Apache, PHP, and MySQL are all examples of open-source software. True or False?
True
Chapter 7
105
For simple collection of information, flat-file databases are usually adequate. True or False?
True
Chapter 7
106
SQL stands for sequential query language. True or False?
False
```
Chapter 7 (page 389)
SQL or structured query language (sometimes pronounces sequel), is a standard data manipulation language among many DBMSs.
```
107
The ___ portion of the SELECT statement determines which fields to retrieve from a table.
a) attribute
b) criteria
c) command
d) select
criteria
Chapter 7
108
To modify the structure of a table, you use the ___ TABLE statement
a) MODIFY
b) ALTER
c) CHANGE
d) UPDATE
ALTER
Chapter 7
109
The ___ statement is used to take away privileges from an existing user account from a specified table or database.
a) REMOVE
b) DROP
c) DELETE
d) REVOKE
REVOKE
Chapter 7
110
Use the ___ statement to add multiple records from an external file to a database table.
a) INSERT_RECORDS
b) ADD_RECORDS
c) INSERT_DATA
d) LOAD_DATA
LOAD_DATA
Chapter 7
The LOAD_DATA statement, with the full path and name of local text file, is used to add multiple records to a table.
111
Which statement has the correct syntax to add data to the table "company_cars"?
a) INSERT INTO company_cars (license, make, model, miles, model year) VALUES("6GACY238", "Toyota", "Corolla", 60000, 2011);
b) INSERT INTO company_cars (license, make, model, miles, model year)
c) SELECT INTO company_cars VALUES("6GACY238", "Toyota", "Corolla", 60000, 2011);
d) INSERT INTO company_cars VALUES("6GACY238", "Toyota", "Corolla", 60000, 2011);
a) INSERT INTO company_cars (license, make, model, miles, model year) VALUES("6GACY238", "Toyota", "Corolla", 60000, 2011);
d) INSERT INTO company_cars VALUES("6GACY238", "Toyota", "Corolla", 60000, 2011);
Chapter 7
112
Which statement will count the number of unique makes?
a) SELECT DISTINCT (make) FROM company_cars
b) SELECT COUNT make FROM company_cars
c) COUNT DISTINCT make FROM company cars
d) SELECT DISTINCT make FROM company_cars
a) SELECT DISTINCT (make) FROM company_cars
d) SELECT DISTINCT make FROM company_cars
Chapter 7
113
Which statement will sort Toyotas by number of miles ascending?
a) SELECT * FROM company_cars ORDER BY miles
b) SELECT * FROM company_cars ORDER BY miles WHERE make="Toyota"
c) SELECT * FROM company_cars WHERE make="Toyota" ORDER BY miles
d) SELECT * FROM company_cars WHERE "Toyota" ORDER BY miles
d) SELECT * FROM company_cars WHERE "Toyota" ORDER BY miles
Chapter 7
Use the ORDER BY keyword with SELECT statement to perform an alphanumeric sort of the results returned from a query
114
One of the most popular PEAR code modules is PEAR DB, which simplifies access between PHP and database server. True or False?
True
Chapter 8
115
The mysql_fetch_assoc() function returns the fields into an associative array and uses each row name as the array key. True or False?
False
Chapter 8
116
```
The mysql_delete_db("dbname"[connection]);
script is used to delete a database. True or False?
```
False
Chapter 8
117
The list of records that is returned from a mysql_query() is called a ___.
a) recordset
b) resultset
c) result
d) result query
resultset
Chapter 8
118
The mysql_info() function only returns query information when you add ___ records with the INSERT keyword.
a) one
b) more than one
c) less than five
d) no records
more than one
Chapter 8
119
The ___ keyword, often used with the primary key, requires that the field include a value.
a) NOT NULL
b) NOT BLANK
c) NOT EMPTY
d) NOT VOID
NOT NULL
Chapter 8
120
Almost every command sent to MySQL from PHP is executed with the ___ function.
a) mysql_connect()
b) mysql_query()
c) mysql_select()
d) mysql_send()
mysql_query()
Chapter 8
121
To delete records in a table, use the keywords ___.
a) DELETE, RECORD
b) DELETE, WHERE
c) REMOVE, WHERE
d) REMOVE, RECORD
DELETE, WHERE
Chapter 8
122
The function ___ returns the field in the current row into an indexed array.
a) mysql_fect_assoc()
b) mysql_data_seek()
c) mysql_fetch_row()
d) mysql_fetch_lengths()
mysql_fetch_row()
Chapter 8
The mysql_fetch_row() function returns the fields in the current row of a resultset into an indexed array and moves the result pointer to the next row.
123
To delete a database, use the ___ function.
a) mysql_delete_db()
b) mysql_drop_db()
c) mysql_delete_database()
d) mysql_drop_database()
mysql_drop_db()
Chapter 8
124
The mysql_error() function returns a value of FALSE if it detects an error. True or False?
False
Chapter 8
125
You pass the mysql_affected_rows() function the variable containing the result pointer from the mysql_query() function. True or False?
False
Chapter 8
With queries that modify tables but do not return results (INSERT, UPDATE and DELET queries), use the mysql_affected_rows() function to determine the number of affected rows.
126
You can suppress error message by using the error control operator (%). True or False?
False
Chapter 8
Use the error control operator (@) to suppress error messages
127
To add multiple records to a database from an external file, you use the ___ statement with the name of the local text file that contains the records you want to add.
a) INSERT DATA
b) LOAD DATA
c) INSERT RECORDS
d) UPLOAD RECORDS
LOAD DATA
Chapter 8
128
The ___ command with a mysql_query() function executes successfully if the table already exists.
a) SHOW EXISTING TABLE
b) SHOW TABLES LIKE
c) SHOW MATCHING TABLE
d) SHOW SAME TABLE
SHOW TABLES LIKE
Chapter 8
129
To return information about the MySQL database server version, use the ___ function.
a) mysql_get_client_info()
b) mysql_host_info(connection)
c) mysql_get_proto_info(connection
d) mysql_get_server_info(connection)
d) mysql_get_server_info(connection)
Chapter 8
130
To change records in a table, use the UPDATE keyword to specify the name of the table to update and the ___ keyword to specify the value to assign to the fields in the records that match the condition in the WHERE keyword.
a) CHANGE
b) INSERT
c) SET
d) PUT
SET
Chapter 8
131
What should always be the first step when querying a SQL DB using ODBC?
a) Create the DB or Table
b) Initialize the SQL server DB connection
c) Run error checks
d) Close old SQL sessions
Initialize the SQL server DB connection
Chapter 8
132
Which function would you call to return the number of results after querying a DB?
a) mysql_num_fields()
b) mysql_fetch_row()
c) mysql_fetch_assoc()
d) mysql_num_rows()
d) mysql_num_rows()
Chapter 8
The mysql_num_rows() function returns the number of rows in a query result.
133
You use the path argument t share cookies across multiple servers in the same domain. True or False?
False
Chapter 9
The domain argument is used for sharing cookies across multiple servers in the same domain.
134
A hidden form field is not displayed by the browser. True or False?
True
Chapter 9
135
Cookies were originally created for use with CGI scripts. True or False?
True
Chapter 9
136
You can use a query string to pass information from one Web page to another. True or False?
True
Chapter 9
A query string is a set of name=value pairs appended to a target URL
137
The setcookie() function has no required arguments. True or False?
False
Chapter 9
The syntax for the setcookie() function is:
setcookie(name [value, expires, path, domain, secure])
You must pass each of the arguments in the order specified in the syntax.
To skip the value, path, and domain arguments, specify an empty string as the argument value.
To skip the expires and secure arguments, specify 0 as the argument value
138
You cannot append a query string to any URL on a Web page. True or False?
False
Chapter 9
A query string is a set of name=value pairs "appended" to a target URL.
139
For a cookie to persist beyond the current browser session, you must use the ___ argument with the setcookie() function.
a) path
b) secure
c) domain
d) expires
expires
Chapter 9
The expires argument determines how long a cookie can remain on a client system before it is deleted.
To specify a cookie's expiration time, use PHP's time() function
140
Cookies can be temporary or __.
a) hidden
b) relational
c) persistent
d) invisible
persistent
Chapter 9
Temporary cookies remain available only for the current browser session
Persistent cookies remain available beyond the current browser session and are stored in a text file on a client computer.
141
Cookies that are available to the current Web page are automatically assigned to the ___ autoglobals.
a) $_GET
b) $_POST
c) $_FIND
d) $_COOKIE
$_COOKIE
Chapter 9
142
Which of the following characters would encoding not encode?
a) ,
b) %
c) ^
d) /
d) /
Chapter 9
143
You separate individual name=value pairs within a query string using ___.
a) backlashes (\)
b) ampersand (&)
c) question mark (?)
d) forward slashes (/)
b) ampersand (&)
Chapter 9
144
Session state information is stored in the ___ autoglobal.
a) $_GET[]
b) $_COOKIE[]
c) $_SESSION[]
d) $_POST[]
c) $_SESSION[]
Chapter 9
Session state information is stored in the $_SESSION autoglobal.
When the session_start() function is called, PHP either initializes a new $_SESSION autoglobal or retrieves any variables for the current session (based on the session ID) into the $_SESSION autoglobal.
145
The ___ argument determines the availability of a cookie to other Web pages on a server
a) expires
b) domain
c) secure
d) path
path
Chapter 9
The path argument determines the availability of a cookie to other Web pages on a server.
Using the path argument allows cookies to be shared across a server.
A cookie is available to all Web pages in a specified path as well as all subdirectories in the specified path.
146
___ are random alphanumeric strings that identifies a session.
a) hidden form fields
b) functions
c) session IDs
d) Cookies
Session IDs
```
Chapter 9
The session_start() function generates a unique session ID to identify the session.
```
147
Whenever you need to work with sessions in a PHP script, you must call the ___ function.
a) session_start()
b) set_cookie()
c) keyword()
d) session_stop()
session_start()
Chapter 9
You must call the session_start() function before you send the Web browser any output.
148
three
Chapter 9
Separate individual name=value pairs within the query string using ampersands (&)
A question mark (?) and a query string are automatically appended to the URL of a server_side script for any forms that are submitted with the GET method
149
If you want to store state information that will be available when a client revisits your Web site in the future, you must use ___.
a) sessions
b) autoglobals
c) cookies
d) hidden form fields
cookie
Chapter 9
Cookie, or magic cookies, are small pieces of information about a user that are stored by a Web server in text files on the user's computer
150
Which of the following is not a tool for maintaining state information with PHP?
a) cookies
b) hidden form fields
c) sessions
d) functions
functions
```
Chapter 9
The four tools for maintaining state information with PHP are:
* Hidden form fields
* Query strings
* Cookies
* Sessions
```
