finals

Question 1

biodiversity

Answer 1

approx. 1.7-2 million species are named and discovered
100 million estimated total species
the majority are yet to be discovered

Question 2

taxonomy

Answer 2

hierarchical system of classifying and naming organisms
- includes extant and extinct species
- ascending series of groups of increasing inclusiveness

Question 3

aristotle

Answer 3

greek philosopher and biologist

Question 4

carolus linneaus (systema naturae)

Answer 4

swedish botanist, used morphology for arranging specimens in collections

Question 5

the 3 domains

Answer 5

eukarya, bacteria, archaea

Question 6

the 6 kingdoms

Answer 6

eubacteria, archaebacteria, fungi, protista, animalia, plantae

Question 7

the correct order

Answer 7

DKPCOFGS

domain-kingdom-phylum-class-order-family-genus-species

Question 8

binomial nomenclature

Answer 8

combination of 2 names to create a scientific name
genus + species
italicized or underlined
follows the rules established by Int’l Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN)

Question 9

full name of J. Rizal

Answer 9

Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

Question 10

how many did rizal donated

Answer 10

semt 45 reptiles, 9 mammals, 13 birds, 9 fishes, and 68 crustaceans apart from his 346 species shell collection

Question 11

species named after J. Rizal

Answer 11

Rhacophorus rizali, Apogonia rizali, Draco rizali

Question 12

refers to balanced proportions or correspondence in size and shape of parts on opposite sides of a median plane

Answer 12

animal symmetry

Question 13

plane passing thru the center that divides body into equivalent or mirrored halves

Answer 13

spherical

Question 14

plane divides body into similar halves by more than 2 planes

Answer 14

radial

Question 15

sagittal plane divides body into 2 mirrored portions

Answer 15

bilateral

Question 16

medial

Answer 16

vertical, longitudinal plane passing from head to tail

Question 17

sagittal

Answer 17

vertical, longitudinal plane thru the body parallel to the median plane

Question 18

frontal / coronal

Answer 18

horizontal, longitudinal plane thru the body

Question 19

transverse/ cross section

Answer 19

cuts across the body at right angles to the sagittal and horizontal planes

Question 20

dorsal

Answer 20

back / upper side

Question 21

ventral

Answer 21

front / belly side

Question 22

anterior

Answer 22

head end

Question 23

posterior

Answer 23

opposite / tail end

Question 24

medial

Answer 24

midline of the body

Question 25

lateral

Answer 25

sides

Question 26

proximal

Answer 26

parts nearer to the center of the body

Question 27

distal

Answer 27

parts farther from middle of body

Question 28

pectoral

Answer 28

chest area associated w/ anterior pair of appendages

Question 29

pelvic

Answer 29

hip region associated w/ posterior pair of appendages

Question 30

the external covering of an animal - protects the animal from mechanical and chemical injury and invsaion by microorganism. - helps maintain body temperature

Answer 30

integument

Question 31

largest organ w respect to surface area of the vertebrate body

Answer 31

skin

Question 32

composed of epithelial tissue

Answer 32

epidermis

Question 33

- composed of connective tissue - contains blood vessel, nerve endings, sensory receptors, small muscles, and glands

Answer 33

dermis

Question 34

consists of loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscles

Answer 34

hypodermis

Question 35

a cell that manufactures and stores keratin

Answer 35

keratinocyte

Question 36

a protein that gives hairs, nails, and skin the hardness and water-resistant properties

Answer 36

keratin

Question 37

embedded in the base of the epidermis, the stratum basale, spider-shaped cells that produce melanin

Answer 37

melanocyte

Question 38

pigment that gives hair and skin its color

Answer 38

melanin

Question 39

helps protect the living cells of the epidermis from UV radiation damage

Answer 39

melanocyte

Question 40

produce watery secretions known as sweat

Answer 40

sweat or sudoriferous glands

Question 41

sweat is composed of

Answer 41

salt, water, and other compounds

Question 42

produce oily secretions known as sebum

Answer 42

sebaceous (oil) glands

Question 43

keeps the keratin-rich epidermis flexible and waterproof

Answer 43

sebum

Question 44

specialized cells in epidermal layer that contains pigment

Answer 44

chromatophores

Question 45

langerhan cells

Answer 45

macrophages

Question 46

premature aging of skin caused by repeated exposure to UV radiation

Answer 46

photoaging/ dermatoheliosis

Question 47

natural sunscreen ingredient

Answer 47

zinc oxide

Question 48

SPF means

Answer 48

Sun Protection Factor

Question 49

SPF 15 SPF 30 SPF 50

Answer 49

93% 97% 98%

Question 50

helps to regulate body temperature and homeostasis

Answer 50

sudoriferous glands

Question 51

watery fluid involved in heat regulation and occur in hairless regions in most mammals

Answer 51

eccrine glands

Question 52

milky fluid that dry on skinn to form a film and open into a hair follicle or where hair once was

Answer 52

apocrine glands

Question 53

- functions to lubricate and protect - keeps hair pliable and glossy

Answer 53

sebaceous glands

Question 54

protective covering of the distal dorsal are of digits (fingers & toes)

Answer 54

nail

Question 55

grow from ephitelial cells at the base of nail

Answer 55

nail root

Question 56

a fold of skin that hides the nail root

Answer 56

cuticle

Question 57

results from the thick layer of cells in this area of the nail

Answer 57

lunula (the half moon in the nail)

Question 58

begins at bulb in dermis and continue thru the epidermis

Answer 58

hair follicle

Question 59

composed of keratin filled cells

Answer 59

hair follicle

Question 60

brown or dark color is due to

Answer 60

eumelanin

Question 61

blond or red hair is due to

Answer 61

melanin containing iron and sulfur (pheomelanin)

Question 62

gray hair is due to

Answer 62

less production of melanin

Question 63

white hair is due to

Answer 63

air trapped in hair shaft and absence of melanin

Question 64

develop from feather follicles, which are invagination of the epidermis that dip into the underlying dermis

Answer 64

feather

Question 65

large and thick epidermal scale, plate-like

Answer 65

scute

Question 66

junction between epidermal scales

Answer 66

hinge