Finals Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the structures of the upper respiratory tract?
Nostrils, Nasal Passages, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea
The process of drawing air into the lungs
Inspiration
A thin sheet of skeletal muscle that forms the caudal boundary of the thorax
Diaphragm
A small, well-defined area on the medial side of the lungs where air, blood, lymph and nerves enter and leave the lung
Hilus
The process of pushing air out of the lungs
Expiration
The movement of oxygen from the outside air to the cells in an animal’s body, and the movement of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction
Respiration
The volume of air remaining in the lungs after the maximum amount of air has been forced out by expiration
Residual Volume
Tiny, thin-walled sacs that are surrounded by capillaries
Alveoli
Thin, scroll-like bones covered with nasal epithelium that occupy most of the lumen of the nasal passages
Turbinates
Outpouchings of the nasal passages that are housed within spaces in areas of skull bones
Sinuses
The volume of air that an animal breathes in and out during 1 minute
Minute Volume
The volume of air breathed in and out in one breath
Tidal Volume
Separates the left and right nasal passages
Nasal Septum
The pharynx is a common passageway for which 2 systems?
Respiratory and Digestive
What divides the nasopharynx from the oropharynx?
Soft Palate
What does the respiratory system open into at the caudal end of the pharynx?
Larynx
What is the structure that covers the larynx opening during swallowing?
Epiglottis
Where do the vocal cords attach to?
Arytenoid Cartiledge
What are the structures of the lower respiratory tract?
Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveolar ducts, Alveoli
What is the hilus of the lung?
the wedge-shaped area on the central portion of each lung
What are the muscles of inspiration?
Diaphragm, external intercostals
What are the main expiratory muscles?
Internal intercostals, Abdominal muscles
What is the basic difference between the functions of the mechanical and chemical respiratory control systems?
The mechanical breathing control system is basically preset and automatic, whereas the chemical control system monitors the blood and only affects the breathing pattern if something gets out of balance.
