FINALS Flashcards
(35 cards)
Q: What are the three main steps in presenting research data?
A: Data Gathering → Data Analysis → Interpretation.
Q: What is emphasized in Chapter 5 of the manuscript?
A: The discussion of results, their significance, and recommendations.
Q: What is emphasized in Chapter 4 of the manuscript?
A: The results and analysis of the study.
Q: How should results be organized?
A: Based on the SOP, using subheadings per research question.
Q: What should guide the pattern of data presentation?
A: The Statement of the Problem (SOP).
Q: What is the goal of data gathering?
A: To collect relevant information that answers the research questions.
Q: What is the difference between results and discussion?
A: Results state findings without interpretation; discussion interprets those findings in context.
Q: What is the purpose of the discussion section?
A: To interpret findings, relate them to existing literature, and explain their implications.
Q: What should be avoided in the results section?
A: Interpretation or restating the discussion—just present findings objectively.
Q: What type of visuals are used in quantitative research?
A: Tables.
Q: What type of visuals are used in qualitative research?
A: Figures and textual explanations.
Q: How do you organize content in the results section?
A: Intro, figures/tables, systematic description, synthesis of key findings.
Q: What is the Cochrane Handbook’s advice for discussion?
A: Summarize results, assess evidence quality, discuss bias, and compare with literature.
Q: What are levels of relationships based on r-values?
Very Weak: 0.00–0.20
Weak: 0.21–0.40
Moderate: 0.41–0.60
Strong: 0.61–0.80
Very Strong: 0.81–1.00
Q: What should follow each visual element (table/figure)?
A: A textual explanation interpreting what is presented.
Q: What are the types of recommendations?
A: Article, topic, methodology, and collaboration recommendations.
Q: What are the three parts of a well-structured discussion?
A: Beginning (answer research Qs), Middle (compare with past studies), End (conclusions & implications).
Q: What is a good approach to discussing unexpected findings?
A: Explain possible reasons and their impact on the study.
Q: What are the 4 core principles of research ethics?
A: Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-maleficence, Justice.
Q: What should you avoid in the discussion section?
A: Restating results, unsupported conclusions, and introducing new variables.
Q: What are research recommendations?
A: Actionable suggestions based on the study’s findings.
Q: What is the recommended structure for writing a discussion?
A: Key finding → context → supporting/contradicting studies → limitations → recommendations.
Q: What are limitations of the study?
A: Factors that restrict the scope or impact of the research, e.g., sample size, bias, or tools.
Q: What should recommendations be?
A: Clear, evidence-based, feasible, and context-specific.
