finals prep (part 2)

Question 1

non pharm for pressure ulcers

Answer 1

• Debridement of infected or necrotic tissue
• Using normal saline for wound cleaning, do not use harsh chemicals
• Relief pressure off wound by repositioning patient every 2 hours

Question 2

What is the link between F (bioavailability) and Extraction ratio?

Answer 2

F (bioavailability) = 1 - E (extraction ratio)

Question 3

Clearance of low extraction ratio drug is dependent on which factors?

Clearance of high extraction ratio drug is dependent on which factors?

Answer 3

For low extraction ratio,
CL = fu x CLint (intrinsic clearance)
- depends on fraction unbound and intrinsic clearance

For high extraction ratio,
CL = Q
- depends on hepatic blood flow

Question 4

Difference between phase 1 and phase 2 metabolism

Answer 4

Phase 1
- oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis
- small changes to increase polarity slightly

Phase 2
- conjugation (combining to a larger molecule)
- cause a large increase in polarity

Question 5

Specific to liver, CL of high extraction ratio vs low extraction ratio is sensitive to which factors?

Answer 5

High extraction ratio: hepatic blood flow

Low extraction ratio: plasma protein binding and hepatocellular eliminating activity

Question 6

Concentration =

Answer 6

Conc = Dose / Volume (of distribution)