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Fundamentals of Nursing > FINALS PT1 > Flashcards

FINALS PT1 Flashcards

1
Q

the science of health and its
maintenance.

A

HYGIENE

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2
Q

the self-care by which
individuals attend to such functions as bathing,

A

Personal hygiene

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3
Q

Factors that affect an individuals hygiene practices
include:

A
  1. Culture
  2. Religion
  3. Environment
  4. Developmental Level
  5. Health and Energy
  6. Personal Preference
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3
Q

● Generally part of a patient’s bath.
● Uses NSS or a special solution or eye drop
prescribed by the physician.

A

EYE CARE

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4
Q

Wipe with a piece of cotton from

A

inner to outer canthus.

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5
Q

OBJECTIVE EYE CARE FOR COMATOSE PATIENTS

A

To keep the areas of the cornea that are exposed to
the air moist, thereby preventing inflammation and
ulceration

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6
Q

Ear care is best done WHEN?

A

fter a bath using a cotton
pledget

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7
Q

If a wax plug is present in the patient’s ear

A

lubricate it with baby oil and use an ear syringe or bobby pins for removal.

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8
Q

● The best way to clean the nose is through blowing
gently with both nostrils open.

● Crust on the external nares can be softened and
removed with the help of mineral oil or cottonseed
oil.

A

NOSE CARE

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9
Q

Oral Hygiene includes:

A
  1. Daily stimulation of the gums
  2. Mechanical scrubbing of the teeth
  3. Flushing of the mouth
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10
Q

ORAL PURPOSES

A

● To prevent bacterial infection

● To prevent formation of sores

● To promote cleanliness, comfort and health

● To enable the patient to articulate distinctly thus
requiring less effort to make himself understood.

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11
Q

PROVIDING ORAL HYGIENE FOR AN ABLE PATIENT

A
  1. Place in sitting position
  2. Arrange articles conveniently for use
  3. After care
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12
Q

The purpose of nail care is to

A

prevent injury and provide comfort.

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13
Q

CRITICAL ELEMENTS OF CLEANING AND
TRIMMING NAILS

A
  1. Assess clients for impaired circulation to the
    extremities.
  2. Determine agency policy regarding nail care
    with impaired circulation of extremities.
  3. Soak thick nails before trimming /filing them.
  4. Trim nails across & shape with a file for patients
    with impaired circulation.
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14
Q

A procedure of arranging the bed sheets and
other bedding on a bed, to prepare it for patient
use.

A

BED MAKING

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15
Q

Corners of the bed sheet should be _____
neatly.

A

mitred

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16
Q

★ Provides comfort and
support in all different
sleeping positions of
client.
★ Offers pressure relief,
and reduces pressure
on the spine.

A

Foam

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17
Q

★ Provides extra support
for lower back and
neck.
★ Reduces heat
build-up.

A

Gel

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18
Q

★ Helps to prevent
pressure sore in the
buttocks, elbows,
back, and hips.

★ Promotes blood flow
and stimulates
circulation in the
body.

A

Air

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19
Q

Relieves pressure
points and reduces
back and spine pain

Commonly used for
patients who are
prone to pressure
sores.

A

Water

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20
Q

Helps to prevent
pressure sore in the
buttocks, elbows,
back, and hips.

A

Gel and Air Pressure
Mattress

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21
Q

★ Bottom sheet and Top sheet - Both folded vertically.
★ Loose end should not face the door

A

UNOCCUPIED BED

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21
Q

● To provide a bed which the patient can be quickly
placed after surgery

● To provide comfort and warmth

Pillows are not used.

A

POSTOPERATIVE BED

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21
Q

● Made and designed
to protect the sheets
from dust
★ Bed is ready for a new
patient.

A

Closed Bed

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22
Q

Used when a client is
able to get out of bed
or to be occupied by
a client.

A

Open Bed

23
Q
  1. To conserve the clients energy.
  2. To promote client’s comfort.
  3. To provide a clean, neat environment for the
    client.
  4. To provide a smooth, wrinkle-free bed
    foundation, thus minimizing sources of skin
    irritation.
A

OCCUPIED BED

24
Q

Lengthwise Folding; Good to Good

A

Bottom Sheet

25
Q

Lengthwise Folding; Wrong to Wrong

A

Top Sheet

25
Q

Crosswise Folding; Good to Good

A

Rubber Sheet

25
Q

Crosswise Folding; Good to Good

A

Draw Sheet

26
Q

Miter the Top (Head) Part -

Miter the Bottom (Feet) Part -

A

Bottom Sheet

Top Sheet

26
Q

Smooth and can’t feel the stitch -

Rough and can feel the stitch -

A

Good/Right Side

Bad/Wrong Side

27
Q
  1. To freshen bed and make it possible to turn
    mattress when patient is out of bed
  2. To provide an opportunity to check the
    condition of the equipment of the unit in order
    that necessary repairs can be made.
  3. A part of the procedure when discharging the
    patient.
A

BED STRIPPING

28
Q

To remove transient microorganisms, body
secretions and excretions, and dead skin cells

To stimulate circulation

A

BATHING

29
Q

stimulate our blood vessels to dilate
which increases blood flow

A

Warm bath

30
Q

Used for hygiene purposes -

Given for physical effect (treat skin) and need
physician’s order -

A

Cleansing Bath

Therapeutic Bath

31
Q

● Nurse washes the
ENTIRE BODY of a
dependent client
● Totally dependent to
nurse but still has
consciousness
● Cephalocaudal
- head to toe

A

Complete Bed Bath

32
Q

Client is unable to
bathe themselves
and the nurse assist
the client, minimally

A

Self-help Bed Bath

33
Q

Washes only the
body part that
cause discomfort or
odor: face, hands,
axillae, and perineal
area

A

Partial

34
Q

Commercially
prepared product
that contains about
10-12 pre-soaped
disposable
washcloths that
contain solution

A

Bag

35
Q

● Uses warmed
regular towels

For clients with
dementia and
bedridden clients

A

Towel

36
Q

● Preferred than bed
baths because it is
easier to wash and
rinse
● Used for therapeutic
baths

A

Tub

37
Q

● For newborn

A

Sponge

38
Q

● Ambulatory clients
● Minimal assistance
with aid of shower
chair (has a
commode seat for
perineal area

A

Shower

39
Q

● Bathing in
temperature of
45-46°C
● Helps to relieve
muscle soreness
and spasm

A

Hot Water Tub Bath

40
Q

● Warm water with
temperature of
43°C
● Helps to relieve
muscle tension

A

Warm Water Tub
Bath

41
Q

Tepid water with
temperature of
37°C

A

Cool Water/Tepid
Sponge Bath

42
Q

● Water with
temperature of
18-32°C
● For clients with very
high temperature
over 40°C

A

Cooling/Cool Sponge
Bath

43
Q

● Local application of water or a medicated solution
● Can remove dead tissue or soften encrusted
secretions

A

SOAK

44
Q

Cleanse and reduces inflammation of the perineal
and anal areas

  • Undergone rectal or vaginal surgeries
  • Postpartum Patients
  • With local or rectal irritation (hemorrhoids or
    fissures)

43-45°C

A

SITZ BATH

45
Q

more effective in relieving pain in the
postpartum period

A

Cold Sitz Bath

46
Q

HOT AND COLD APPLICATION USES

A

● Therapeutic
● Comfort
● Rehabilitation

46
Q

● Stimulates blood circulation
● Cleans the hair and increases the client’s sense of
well-being

A

HAIR SHAMPOOING

47
Q

FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN SAFE APPLICATION

A

● Age
● Circulatory or neurologic deficiencies
● Level of Consciousness
● Amount of body fats
● Condition of the skin (in the area being treated)
● Patient’s diagnosis

48
Q

at the time the
maximum therapeutic effects of hot or cold
application is achieved and the opposite effects
begin.

A

Rebound phenomenon

48
Q

CONTINUATION OF HEAT APPLICATION BEYOND
30-45 MINUTES

A

May result to tissue congestion, vasoconstriction,
and client’s at risk of burn.

49
Q

CONTINUATION OF COLD APPLICATION BELOW 15
DEGREES CELSIUS

A

May result in vasodilation, which is protective and
prevents freezing of body tissues.

50
Q

PROLONGED COLD APPLICATION

A

May result to

impaired circulation

cell deprivation

subsequent tissue damage due to lack of oxygen and nourishment.

51
Q

SIGNS OF TISSUE DAMAGE

A

● Bluish and mottled skin appearance
● Numbness
● Stiffness
● Pallor
● Sometimes blister and pain

52
Q

Smaller area + Shorter exposure =

A

BETTER TOLERANCE

Fundamentals of Nursing (7 decks)

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