FINALS_PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SYSTEM

Question 1

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated nutrient-rich blood from the heart to the capillaries.

Answer 1

Arteries

Question 2

in terms of pressure, among veins and arteries which one has a high pressure system?

Answer 2

Arteries

Question 3

Why is the arterial network is a high pressure system?

Answer 3

Blood propelled under pressure from left ventricle of the heart

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSEE
Bcs of high pressure the arterial walls should be thick and strong containing elastic fibers so they can stretch

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

How do you create the surge (arterial pulse)

Answer 5

Each heartbeat forces blood through arterial vessels under high pressure

Question 6

TRUE OR FALSE

Pulse can only be felt by FIRMLY compressing a superficial artery against underlying bone

Answer 6

False - Lightly

Question 7

What are the major peripheral arteries accessible for examination?

Answer 7

Brachial artery - major artery of the arm
Femoral artery - major artery of the leg

ff pulse site
1. Brachial pulse site
2. Radial pulse site
3. Ulnar pulse site
4. Femoral pulse site
5. Popliteal pulse site
6. Dorsalis pedal pulse site
7. Posterior tibial pulse site

Question 8

These arches provide extra protection to the hands and fingers against arterial occlusion.

Answer 8

Superficial and deep palmar arches

Question 9

The femoral artery can be palpated under what ligament?

Answer 9

Inguinal ligament

Question 10

In the lower extremities, what is the equivalent of superficial and deep palmar arches?

Answer 10

Dorsal arch

Question 11

Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated nutrient-depleted, waste-laden blood from the tissues back to the heart

Answer 11

Veins

Question 12

what is the percentage of body’s blood volume contained in our veins?

Answer 12

70%

Question 13

Arteries = thicker walls, high pressure
veins = ?

Answer 13

thinner walls, low pressure

Question 14

TRUE OR FALSE

Veins are larger in diameter than arteries and can expand if blood volume increases.

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

What are the three types of vein?

Answer 15

Deep veins
Superficial veins
Perforator (communicator) veins

Question 16

2 deep veins in the leg

Answer 16

upper thigh - femoral vein
behind the knee - popliteal vein

Question 17

The femoral vein and popliteal vein contains how many percentage of venous return from lower extremities?

Answer 17

90%

Question 18

2 superficial veins in the leg

Answer 18

Great and small saphenous veins

Question 19

Longest of all veins; extends from the medial dorsal of the foot, crosses over medial malleolus, and continues across the thigh to the medial aspect of groin joining the femoral vein.

Answer 19

Great saphenous vein

Question 20

Begins at the lateral dorsal aspect of the foot, travels up behind the lateral malleolus on the back of the leg and join the popliteal vein.

Answer 20

Small saphenous vein

Question 21

This type of vein connect the superficial veins with the deep veins

Answer 21

Perforator veins

Question 22

TRUE OR FALSE

Unlike arteries, veins have no force to propels the blood flow forward

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

What are the three mechanisms of venous function help to propel blood back to the heart?

Answer 23

1st mechanism - structure of the veins containing one way valves
* valves permits blood to pass through them on the way to the heart and prevent returning through them in opposite direction

2nd mechanism - muscular contraction

3rd mechanism - creation of pressure gradient through the act of breathing

Question 24

Lower leg veins have trouble pushing blood to your heart

• long periods of standing still, sitting, or lying down
• lack of muscular activities creating blood pool to your legs
  — increasing venous pressure

Answer 24

Venous stasis

Question 25

(also called postural hypotension) occurs when a person’s blood pressure drops significantly upon standing up from a sitting or lying position. This can lead to symptoms like dizziness, lightheadedness, blurry vision, or even fainting.

Answer 25

Orthostatic hypotension

Question 26

Small blood vessels that form the connection between the arterioles and venules allowing the circulatory system to maintain the vital equilibrium between the vascular and interstitial spaces.

Answer 26

Capillaries

Question 27

Removes any excess fluid left behind in the interstitial spaces.

Answer 27

Lymphatic capillaries

Question 28

The lymphatic system is an integral and complementary component of the circulatory system, is a complex vascular system composed of what?

Answer 28

Lymphatic capillaries Lymphatic vessels Lymph nodes

Question 29

The primary function of lymphatic system is to drain excess fluid, and plasma proteins from bodily tissues and return them to venous system. *during circulation more fluid leaves the capillaries than the veins can absorb

Answer 29

.

Question 30

Larger vessels where microorganisms, foreign materials, dead blood cells, and abnormal cells are trapped and destroyed.

Answer 30

Lymph nodes

Question 31

Thoracic duct drains what area? Right lymphatic duct drains what area?

Answer 31

Thoracic - rest of the body Right lymphatic - upper right side of the body

Question 32

After passing through the draining ducts, when going back to the venous system circulation where will it pass through?

Answer 32

Subclavian veins

Question 33

What is the second function of lymphatic system?

Answer 33

contributes to the immune system defending body against microorganisms

Question 34

What is the third function of lymphatic system?

Answer 34

absorbs fats (lipids) from the small intestine to the bloodstream

Question 35

What is the normal shape and size of lymph nodes?

Answer 35

Often circular or oval Normally very small and non palpable to 1-2cm in diameter

Question 36

Where can lymph nodes often located?

Answer 36

Can be superficial and deep often located near major joints

Question 37

What are the lymph nodes we assess in the arms and legs?

Answer 37

Epitrochlear lymph nodes Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Question 38

epitrochlear lymph nodes is located where?

Answer 38

3cm above the elbow on the inner medial aspect of the arm

Question 39

superficial inguinal lymph nodes are located where?

Answer 39

horizontal - anterior thigh and vertical chain of nodes - great saphenous vein

Question 40

A vascular disease where the blood vessels carrying oxygen away from the heart (arteries) become damaged from factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes and certain genetic influences.

Answer 40

Arteriosclerosis

Question 41

TYPES OF BLEEDING - slow even flow - bright red

Answer 41

capillaries

Question 42

TYPES OF BLEEDING - steady, slow flow - dark red

Answer 42

veins/venous

Question 43

TYPES OF BLEEDING - Squirting blood - pulsating flow - Bright red

Answer 43

artery/arterial