FINALSSS

Question 1

Meaning of HVAC

Answer 1

Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning

Question 2

Backbone of modern building and environmental control.

Answer 2

HVAC

Question 3

HVAC systems regulate what?

Answer 3

1. Temperature
2. Humidity
3. Air quality
4. Air movement within buildings

Question 4

This marked a significant turning point in HVAC technology.

Answer 4

The Industrial Revolution

Question 5

HVAC systems have evolved from simple heating methods in ______ to complex, integrated systems in modern buildings.

Answer 5

Ancient Rome

Question 6

What is the purpose of HVAC systems?

Answer 6

Aim to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality.

Question 7

Modern HVAC systems integrate these into a single, efficient package.

Answer 7

Heating, cooling, and ventilation

Question 8

What trends and advancements do HVAC systems incorporate?

Answer 8

Smart technologies, energy-efficient designs, and sustainable practices

Question 9

Factors influencing HVAC design

Answer 9

1. Building Characteristics
2. Climate and Location
3. Occupancy and Usage

Question 10

A factor that influence HVAC design which deals with the size, layout, and purpose of a building.

Answer 10

Building Characteristics

Question 11

A factor that influence HVAC design which deals with the local weather patterns, humidity levels, and seasonal temperature variations.

Answer 11

Climate and Location

Question 12

A factor that influence HVAC design which deals with the number of occupants, their activities, and schedules.

Answer 12

Occupancy and Usage

Question 13

Air Conditioning and Heating Principles

Answer 13

1. Heat Transfer
2. Refrigeration Cycle
3. Heating Methods
4. Energy Efficiency

Question 14

HVAC systems rely on the principles of conduction, convection, and radiation to move heat energy.

Answer 14

Heat Transfer

Question 15

Heat Transfer Principles

Answer 15

1. Conduction
2. Convection
3. Radiation

Question 16

Heat transfer through direct contact between particles of matter.

Answer 16

Conduction

Question 17

Heat transfer by the movement of fluids or gases. This is the primary method of heat distribution in HVAC systems.

Answer 17

Convection

Question 18

Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.

Answer 18

Radiation

Question 19

Air conditioning utilizes the vapor compression cycle.

Answer 19

Refrigeration Cycle

Question 20

Cooling Systems: Refrigeration Cycle

Answer 20

1. Compression
2. Condensation
3. Expansion
4. Evaporation

Question 21

The compressor increases the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant vapor. This high-pressure, high-temperature gas then flows to the condenser.

Answer 21

Compression

Question 22

The hot refrigerant vapor releases heat to the surroundings and condenses into a high-pressure liquid. This process typically occurs outside the cooled space.

Answer 22

Condensation

Question 23

The high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through an expansion valve, which reduces its pressure and temperature, turning it into a low-pressure, lpw-temperature mixture of liquid and vapor.

Answer 23

Expansion

Question 24

The cold refrigerant absorbs heat from the indoor air, cooling the space. The refrigerant fullt vaporizes and returns to the compressor to repeat the cycle.

Answer 24

Evaporation

Question 25

Various heating technologies, such as combustion, electric resistance, and heat pumps, are employed to generate warmth.

Answer 25

Heating Methods

Question 26

Modern HVAC systems focus on maximizing energy efficiency through improved thermodynamic cycles, heat recovery systems, and smart control algorithms.

Answer 26

Energy Efficiency

Question 27

Components of HVAC Systems

Answer 27

1. Fans and Blowers 2. Chillers and Boilers 3. Pumps and Exhaust Fans 4. Controls and Sensors

Question 28

AHU

Answer 28

Air Handling Unit

Question 29

These are centralized units that condition and circulate air. They typically include fans, heating and cooling coils, filters, and dampers.

Answer 29

Air Handling Unit (AHU)

Question 30

The heart of many commercial HVAC systems, managing airflow and temperature control.

Answer 30

Air Handling Unit (AHU)

Question 31

FCU

Answer 31

Fan Coil Unit

Question 32

It is a powerful unit helpful in circulating cool or warm air across single spaces. Often installed within or near the space it serves.

Answer 32

Fan Coil Unit (FCU)

Question 33

It remove heat from water for cooling

Answer 33

Chillers

Question 34

It heat water for heating.

Answer 34

Boilers

Question 35

Responsible for moving air and water through the system.

Answer 35

Pumps and Exhaust Fans

Question 36

The brain of HVAC systems, including thermostats, humidity sensors, and building automation systems.

Answer 36

Controls and Sensors

Question 37

Air Distribution and Ductwork

Answer 37

1. Duct Design 2. Air Balancing 3. Diffusers and Grilles 4. Maintenance

Question 38

Proper _____ ensures efficient air distribution. Factors include sizing, material selection, and layout optimization to minimize pressure drops and energy loss.

Answer 38

Duct Design

Question 39

The process of adjusting airflow to ensure proper distribution throughout the building. This invloves measuring and adjusting dampers and diffusers to achieve desired airflow rates.

Answer 39

Air Balancing

Question 40

These components distribute conditioned air into spaces and collect return air. Proper selection and placement are crucial for occupant comfort and system efficiency.

Answer 40

Diffusers and Grilles

Question 41

Regular cleaning and inspection of ductwork prevent buildup of contaminants amd ensure optimal system performance.

Answer 41

Maintenance

Question 42

Louvered perforated covering for a duct opening, which can be located on a wall, ceiling or floor.

Answer 42

Grille

Question 43

Combination of a grille and a damper.

Answer 43

Register

Question 44

Controls air flow of supply air to the conditioned space.

Answer 44

Damper

Question 45

Circular, square, rectangular, or linear supply outlet, typically located in the ceiling and discharges supply air in various directions and planes

Answer 45

Diffuser

Question 46

Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality

Answer 46

Mechanical Ventliation Air Filtration Humidity Control CO2 Monitoring

Question 47

Uses fans to circulate fresh air into buildings, removing stale air and pollutants.

Answer 47

Mechanical Ventilation

Question 48

Removes particles and constraints from the air. HEPA filters and electronic air cleaners can significantly improve indoor air quality by capturing allergens, dust, and microorganisms

Answer 48

Air Filtration

Question 49

Maintains optimal humidity levels to prevent mold growth and enhance comfort.

Answer 49

Humidity Control

Question 50

Measures carbon dioxide levels as an indicator of air quality and occupancy.

Answer 50

CO2 Monitoring

Question 51

HVAC System Design Considerations

Answer 51

Load Calculations Energy Efficiency Sustainability

Question 52

HVAC Energy Efficiency Tips

Answer 52

1. Add programmable thermostat 2. Invest in thermal insulation 3. Ensure smooth airflow 4. Switch to VRF (Variable Refrigerant Flow) HVAC 5. Turn off electronic appliances 6. Ensure regular maintenance