First 50 Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the antidote given for benzodiazepine toxicity?
Flumazenil
What is the antidote given for opioid toxicity?
Naloxone
What is the antidote given for organophosphate poisoning?
Atropine (Also give Pralidoxime after Atropine)
What is the antidote given for Carbon Monoxide poisoning?
100% oxygen
What is the antidote given for Tricyclic Antidepressant overdose?
Sodium Bicarbonate
What is the antidote given for paracetamol poisoning if was ingested within 1 hour?
Activated charcoal
What are the typical chest Xray findings for Heart Failure?
A - Alveolar oedema
B - B lines (Kerley)
C - Cardiomegaly
D - Dilated vessels to the upper lobe
E - Effusion (Pleural)
An 81-year-old male whose ECG shows Ventricular Fibrillation after having a Myocardial Infarction. What type of shock is this?
Cardiogenic Shock (Because the heart is not pumping properly)
A 27-year-old male was brought to the A&E after being stabbed in the chest. Examination shows a raised JVP, muffled heart sounds and he is hypotensive. What type of shock is this?
Obstructive Shock (Signs consistent with a cardiac tamponade)
A 5-year-old boy presents with shortness of breath, swelling of the mouth and face, and a wheeze after eating nuts. What type of shock is this?
Anaphylactic Shock (Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction)
A 43-year-old male presents with hypotension, bradycardia and warm peripheries after a road traffic accident. What type of shock is this?
Neurogenic Shock (A result of spinal cord injury which result in reduced sympathetic tone)
The classical features of a Cardiac Tamponade are hypotension, muffled heart sounds and a raised JVP. What is the collection of these signs called?
Beck’s triad
A Cardiac Tamponade is associated with pulsus paradoxus. What does this mean?
BP falls by >10mmHg with inspiration
What is the best investigation for a Cardiac Tamponade?
Echocardiogram
What is the classical finding on an ECG in a patient with a Cardiac Tamponade?
Electrical alternans +/- Low-voltage ECG
How is a Cardiac Tamponade managed?
Urgent Pericardiocentesis
An ECG shows progressive prolongation of the PR-interval until a QRS complex is missed, then the pattern restarts again. What is the likely diagnosis?
2nd degree heart block (Mobitz type I)
An ECG shows a consistently prolonged PR interval that is more than 200msec. What is the likely diagnosis?
1st degree heart block
An ECG shows P waves and QRS complexes occurring independently of each other with a heart rate of 40. What is the likely diagnosis?
Complete (3rd degree) heart block
An ECG shows a constant PR interval but the P waves aren’t always followed by the QRS complexes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
2nd degree heart block (Mobitz type II)
