First Aid Pediatrics Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is the most common cause of UTI for pts below 1 yr old?
vesicoureteral reflux
what is the definition of sepsis?
SIRS + documented infection in the blood stream
most common 4 bugs for neonate septic shock?
- GBS
- E coli
- Listeria monocytogenes
- H influenzae
most common 3 bugs for septic shock for kids?
- H. influenzae
- Pneumococcus
- Meningococcus
best test for diagnosing congenital HIV for neonate?
DNA PCR (Not ELISA!)
what bug causes tracheitis?
Staph aureus
concerned parents come into ED with a 3 month old child saying that the child rolled off the couch, what should you be concerned?
child abuse (a child rolls front to back at 4-5 month)
for child abuse, what is the characteristic of x-ray skeletal survey and bone scan?
they show fractures in various stages of healing
name 2 tests that can be used to rule out head trauma (shaken baby syndrome)
- ophthalmologic exam for retinal hemorrhages
2. noncontrast CT for subdural hematomas
a 1 yr old child comes in to ED with parents and you confirm infection of Chlamydia trachomatis of the child. Should you suspect sexual abuse?
Not necessarily. Chlamydia trachomatis can be acquired from the mother during the delivery and can persist up to 3 yrs
what is the definitive evidence for sexual abuse?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated on a vaginal culture
which is the choice of imaging test and what clues should you be looking to identify child abuse?
x ray skeletal survey and bone scan showing fractures in various stages of healing
Name 5 cyanotic heart defects (Rt to Lt shunt)
5Ts Truncus arteriosus Transposition of the great vessels Tricuspid atresia Tetrology of Fallot Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
Name 3 noncyanotic heart defects
3Ds
VSD
ASD
PDA
what disorder is associated with asymmetric septal hypertrophy and transposition of the great vessels?
maternal diabetes
what disorder is associated with heart failure in pediatric?
neonatal thyrotoxicosis
name 3 disorders that are associated with conotruncal abnormalities
tetralogy of fallot (overriding aorta)
truncus arteriosus
DiGeorge syndrome (tetralogy)
velocardiofacial syndrome
what disorder is associated with congenital heart block?
neonatal lupus
what are the 3 indications for surgical repair for ASD/VSD?
- symptomatic pts who fail medical management
- children less than 1 y/o with signs of pulmonary HTN
- older children with large defects that have not dec in size over time
what is Holt-Oram syndrome?
absent radii, ASD, 1st degree heart block
what syndrome is associated with VSD and below clinical presentations?
- cranial deformities
- fusion of the fingers and toes
Apert syndrome
3 ECG findings for ASD?
RVH
Rt. atrial enlargement
PR prolongation
ECG findings for VSD?
LVH (RVH may also be found with large defects.)
A baby with a systolic murmur comes in for ehco. You find there is a defect and blood flow across the atrial/ventricular septum. What is your dx?
ASD
