First Quarter Exam (Chapter 4)

Question 1

Who was the first to identify and name the proton?

Answer 1

Rutherford

Question 2

Who was credited for discovery of neutron?

Answer 2

Chadwick

Question 3

Who proposed the planetary model?

Answer 3

Bohr

Question 4

There can only be 2 electrons found in each of these.

Answer 4

orbital

Question 5

Who discovered that light was a wave and particles?

Answer 5

Einstein

Question 6

Who conducted the experiment using gold foil?

Answer 6

Geiger

Question 7

We can examine electrons using _____.

Answer 7

spectroscopy

Question 8

_____ can behave either as waves or particles.

Answer 8

Protons

Question 9

This can identify each atom.

Answer 9

atomic number

Question 10

What states that you cannot know the true location of an electron?

Answer 10

Heisenberg principle

Question 11

This helps you remember what order sublevel said should be filled.

Answer 11

diagonal rule

Question 12

This contains most of the mass of an atom.

Answer 12

nucleus

Question 13

S, P, D, and F sub levels are what type of quantum number?

Answer 13

azimuthal quantum number

Question 14

Albert Einstein proposed this theory about light.

Answer 14

duality of light

Question 15

The way the electrons fill a sublevel.

Answer 15

Hund’s rule

Question 16

The current model of the atom is known as the _____.

Answer 16

quantum mechanical model

Question 17

This sublevel can hold the most electrons.

Answer 17

sublevel F

Question 18

Cathode ray experimentation discovered this subatomic particle.

Answer 18

Electron

Question 19

Electron capacity for principal energy level.

Answer 19

18

Question 20

What describes how the electrons fill orbitals?

Answer 20

Aufbau Principal

Question 21

_____ states that as electrons fill a sublevel, all orbitals receive one electron with the same spin before they begin to pair up.

Answer 21

Hund’s rule

Question 22

What is the arrangement of electrons called?

Answer 22

electron configuration

Question 23

The _____ states that the arrangement of electrons in an atom is determined by adding electrons to an atom with a lower atomic number, that is, one with fewer electrons.

Answer 23

Aufbau principle

Question 24

Physicists and chemist use a special notation called _____ to illustrate the electron configuration of an atom.

Answer 24

orbital notation

Question 25

What is the diagonal rule?

Answer 25

A mnemonic device that gives the energy levels and sublevels in the order in which they are filled.

Question 26

How does the diagonal rule look?

Answer 26

``` 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 5f 6s 6p 6d 7s 7p ``` remember that there are arrows pointing downward ald to the left of the diagram, demonstrating in what order it works

Question 27

Someone who knows more about this, can you make a question that shows the relationship between electron configuration and the periodic table. It can be found on p88, I just don't know how to word it.

Answer 27

☀ | ☃

Question 28

How many electrons can the s sublevel hold?

Answer 28

2

Question 29

How many electrons can the p sublevel hold?

Answer 29

6

Question 30

How many electrons can the d sublevel hold?

Answer 30

10

Question 31

How many electrons can the f sublevel hold?

Answer 31

14

Question 32

Each orbital can hold only two electrons. These two electrons have opposite reactions to a magnetic field. To associate this property with common experience, scientists call it electron "spin," even though wave-like electrons do not actually spin inside the atom. The quantum numbers that describe this property are therefore the _____.

Answer 32

electron-spin quantum numbers

Question 33

Which sublevel has one spherically shaped orbital?

Answer 33

The s sublevel

Question 34

Which sublevel has three dumbbell-shaped orbitals?

Answer 34

The p sublevel

Question 35

Which sublevel has a more complicated shape?

Answer 35

The d sublevel

Question 36

Which sublevel has a more complicated shape than the d sublevel (Mrs. Angel said it loods like a bunch of hearts)?

Answer 36

The f sublevel

Question 37

The _____ indicates the main energy level in which an electron is found. Thus, it is also called the energy-level number.

Answer 37

principal quantum number

Question 38

A series of small positive integers, called _____, are solutions to angular momentum equations that describe the sublevels where electrons have a great probability of being.

Answer 38

azimuthal quantum number

Question 39

The _____, or orbital quantum numbers, describe the spatial orientation of the orbitales within the atom.

Answer 39

magnetic quantum number

Question 40

The beginning of the twentieth century, Einstein's theories of matter and energy suggested that light consisted of massless particles called _____.

Answer 40

photons

Question 41

What is the current model of the atom?

Answer 41

Quantum model

Question 42

During the 1920s, a young French physicist suggested that if waves could behave like particles, then particles could behave like waves. This is known as _____.

Answer 42

de Broglie's hypothesis

Question 43

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 43

A change in which a substance loses its physical characteristics and becomes one or more new substances.

Question 44

Mrs. Angel put "Law of multiple proportions" as one of the terms to know, but it's not in the glossary, not in the index, and not at the end of the chapter at the "Coming to Terms" section. I have no clue, but if someone knows what it means, feel free to put in a question about it.

Answer 44

→→→ ↑ ☻ ↓ ←←←

Question 45

What was the first atomic model?

Answer 45

Dalton's Model

Question 46

What charge does the nucleus have?

Answer 46

neutral

Question 47

What charge do electrons have?

Answer 47

negative

Question 48

What charge do protons have?

Answer 48

positive

Question 49

Which model? | Small shperes that could vary in size, mass, or color

Answer 49

Dalton's

Question 50

Who was first scientist to propose that atoms might be made from combination of particles.

Answer 50

Thomson

Question 51

Which model? | Involved experiment by shooting positively charged particles at a very thin sheet of gold foil.

Answer 51

Rutherford's

Question 52

Who proposed that the nucleus contains neutral and positive particles.

Answer 52

Chadwick

Question 53

Which model? | Commonly used today.

Answer 53

Bohr's

Question 54

Which model? | Most advanced/commonly used.

Answer 54

Quantum Mechanical Model

Question 55

Who proposed that different atoms would have different properties?

Answer 55

Dalton

Question 56

Who suggested that all atoms in a single element have identical properties such as size and mass?

Answer 56

Dalton

Question 57

Who used cathode ray tubes to produce streams of negatively charged particles?

Answer 57

Thomson

Question 58

Because all of the elements he tested produced electrons, he reasoned all atoms must contain electrons.

Answer 58

Thomson

Question 59

Atoms had no overall charge, so _____ reasoned that atoms must also have positive charges, as well as negative ones.

Answer 59

Thomson

Question 60

What happened when Rutherford shot positively charged particles at a thin piece of gold foil?

Answer 60

not all particles went through; some bounced back

Question 61

Who's model? | Suggested electrons surrounded nucleus in specific energy levels called "shells."

Answer 61

Bohr's

Question 62

Which model has an electron "cloud"?

Answer 62

Quantum Mechanical