Chapter 3 Flashcards
The smaller the percent error, the more _____ the measure is.
accurate
The SI is the _____ system.
metric
A(n) _____ is an artificial device.
instrument
The result of comparing unknown quantities is known as a(n) _____.
measurement
What is the act of comparing an unknown quantity to a standard unit?
measurement
What is a measurable property of an object?
dimension
A(n) _____ is one of something.
unit
A(n) _____ provides a means for measuring.
scale
A(n) _____ is any artificial device used to measure.
instrument
A(n) _____ system is any measuring system in which different-sized units are related to each other by multiples of 10.
metric
What are the (7) SI Base Units?
- length
- mass
- time
- temperature (absolute)
- number of particles
- electrical current
- light intensity
What is accuracy?
how close a measurement is to the actual value
What is precision?
quantitative evaluation of the exactness of a measurement or a measuring instrument (repeatability)
Describe data.
any recorded observation that is a detailed description
What are digits that are known for certain, plus one estimated number?
significant digits
What is significant digit rule number 1?
SigDigs apply only to measured data
(SigDigs do not apply to counted or pure numbers)
(SigDigs do not apply to ratios that are exactly 1 by definition)
What is significant digit rule number 2?
all non zero digits are significant
What is significant digit rule number 3?
all zeros between nonzero digits are significant
What is significant digit rule number 4?
decimal points define significant zeros
(If a decimal point is present, all zeros to the right of the last non zero digit are significant)
(If a decimal point is not present, no trailing zeros are significant)
(In decimal numbers, all zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are not significant)
What is significant digit rule number 5?
significant zeroes in the one’s place are followed by a decimal point
What is significant digit rule number 6?
The decimal factor of scientific notation contains only SigDigs
What is math rule number 1?
Measured data must be the same kind of dimension and have the same units before they can be added or subtracted
What is math rule number 2?
The sum or differences of measured data cannot have greater precision than the least precise quantity in the sum or difference.
What is math rule number 3?
The product or quotient of measured data cannot have more SigDigs than the quantity with the fewest SigDigs.
